linux查看硬件信息及驱动设备相关整理.docx
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linux查看硬件信息及驱动设备相关整理
linux查看硬件信息及驱动设备相关整理
在LINUX环境开发驱动程序,首先要探测到新硬件,接下来就是开发驱动程序。
常用命令整理如下:
用硬件检测程序kuduz探测新硬件:
servicekudzustart(orrestart)
查看CPU信息:
cat/proc/cpuinfo
查看板卡信息:
cat/proc/pci
查看PCI信息:
lspci(相比cat/proc/pci更直观)
查看内存信息:
cat/proc/meminfo
查看USB设备:
cat/proc/bus/usb/devices
查看键盘和鼠标:
cat/proc/bus/input/devices
查看系统硬盘信息和使用情况:
fdisk&disk-l &df
查看各设备的中断请求(IRQ):
cat/proc/interrupts
查看系统体系结构:
uname-a
dmidecode查看硬件信息,包括bios、cpu、内存等信息
dmesg|more查看硬件信息
----------------------------------
我的FC5显示结果如下:
查看键盘和鼠标
[root@localhostinput]#cat/proc/bus/input/devices
I:
Bus=0011Vendor=0001Product=0001Version=ab41
N:
Name="ATTranslatedSet2keyboard"
P:
Phys=isa0060/serio0/input0
S:
Sysfs=/class/input/input0
H:
Handlers=kbdevent0
B:
EV=120013
B:
KEY=420000003802078f840d001f2ffffdfffeffffffffffffffffffffe
B:
MSC=10
B:
LED=7
I:
Bus=0003Vendor=06a2Product=0001Version=0100
N:
Name=" USBMouse "
P:
Phys=usb-0000:
00:
03.2-2/input0
S:
Sysfs=/class/input/input2
H:
Handlers=mouse0event1
B:
EV=7
B:
KEY=7000000000000
B:
REL=103
查看PCI设备:
[root@localhostproc]#lspci
00:
00.0Hostbridge:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]651Host
00:
01.0PCIbridge:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]VirtualPCI-to-PCIbridge(AGP)
00:
02.0ISAbridge:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]SiS962[MuTIOLMediaIO]
(rev04)
00:
02.1SMBus:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]SiS961/2SMBusController
00:
02.5IDEinterface:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]5513[IDE]
00:
02.7Multimediaaudiocontroller:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]Sound //集成声卡
Controller(reva0)
00:
03.0USBController:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]USB1.0Controller(rev0f)
00:
03.1USBController:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]USB1.0Controller(rev0f)
00:
03.2USBController:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]USB1.0Controller(rev0f)
00:
03.3USBController:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]USB2.0Controller
00:
04.0Ethernetcontroller:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]SiS900PCIFast //集成网卡
Ethernet(rev90)
01:
00.0VGAcompatiblecontroller:
SiliconIntegratedSystems[SiS]65x/M650/740PCI/AGPVGADisplayAdapter //集成显卡
查看CPU信息:
cat/proc/cpuinfo
processor :
0
vendor_id :
GenuineIntel //Intel
cpufamily :
15
model :
1
modelname :
Intel(R)Celeron(R)CPU1.70GHz
stepping :
3
cpuMHz :
1703.090
cachesize :
128KB
fdiv_bug :
no
hlt_bug :
no
f00f_bug :
no
coma_bug :
no
fpu :
yes
fpu_exception :
yes
cpuidlevel :
2
wp :
yes
flags :
fpuvmedepsetscmsrpaemcecx8apicmtrrpgemcacmovpat
pse36clflushdtsacpimmxfxsrssesse2sshttm
bogomips :
3411.63
查看内存信息:
catmeminfo
MemTotal:
321104kB //256M+128M
MemFree:
5212kB
Buffers:
10284kB
Cached:
157304kB
SwapCached:
0kB
Active:
171456kB
Inactive:
117120kB
HighTotal:
0kB
HighFree:
0kB
LowTotal:
321104kB
LowFree:
5212kB
SwapTotal:
522104kB
SwapFree:
522104kB
Dirty:
116kB
Writeback:
0kB
Mapped:
177868kB
Slab:
19224kB
CommitLimit:
682656kB
Committed_AS:
412960kB
PageTables:
3736kB
VmallocTotal:
704504kB
VmallocUsed:
2776kB
VmallocChunk:
701540kB
HugePages_Total:
0
HugePages_Free:
0
Hugepagesize:
4096kB
查看USB设备:
插上我的魅族:
cat/proc/bus/usb/devices
T:
Bus=04Lev=00Prnt=00Port=00Cnt=00Dev#= 1Spd=480MxCh=6
B:
Alloc= 0/800us(0%),#Int= 0,#Iso= 0
D:
Ver=2.00Cls=09(hub )Sub=00Prot=01MxPS=64#Cfgs= 1
P:
Vendor=0000ProdID=0000Rev=2.06
S:
Manufacturer=Linux2.6.15-1.2054_FC5ehci_hcd
S:
Product=EHCIHostController
S:
SerialNumber=0000:
00:
03.3
C:
*#Ifs=1Cfg#=1Atr=c0MxPwr= 0mA
I:
If#=0Alt=0#EPs=1Cls=09(hub )Sub=00Prot=00Driver=hub
E:
Ad=81(I)Atr=03(Int.)MxPS= 2Ivl=256ms
T:
Bus=04Lev=01Prnt=01Port=03Cnt=01Dev#= 6Spd=480MxCh=0
D:
Ver=2.00Cls=00(>ifc)Sub=00Prot=00MxPS=64#Cfgs= 1
P:
Vendor=0471ProdID=0000Rev=0.01
S:
Manufacturer=MEIZUCo.,Ltd //魅族MP3
S:
Product=MeizuE3HS
C:
*#Ifs=1Cfg#=1Atr=80MxPwr=100mA
I:
If#=0Alt=0#EPs=2Cls=08(stor.)Sub=06Prot=50Driver=usb-storage
E:
Ad=81(I)Atr=02(Bulk)MxPS=512Ivl=0ms
E:
Ad=01(O)Atr=02(Bulk)MxPS=512Ivl=0ms
T:
Bus=03Lev=00Prnt=00Port=00Cnt=00Dev#= 1Spd=12 MxCh=2
B:
Alloc=14/900us(2%),#Int= 1,#Iso= 0
D:
Ver=1.10Cls=09(hub )Sub=00Prot=00MxPS=64#Cfgs= 1
P:
Vendor=0000ProdID=0000Rev=2.06
S:
Manufacturer=Linux2.6.15-1.2054_FC5ohci_hcd
S:
Product=OHCIHostController
S:
SerialNumber=0000:
00:
03.2
C:
*#Ifs=1Cfg#=1Atr=c0MxPwr= 0mA
I:
If#=0Alt=0#EPs=1Cls=09(hub )Sub=00Prot=00Driver=hub
E:
Ad=81(I)Atr=03(Int.)MxPS= 2Ivl=255ms
T:
Bus=03Lev=01Prnt=01Port=01Cnt=01Dev#= 3Spd=1.5MxCh=0
D:
Ver=1.10Cls=00(>ifc)Sub=00Prot=00MxPS=8#Cfgs= 1
P:
Vendor=06a2ProdID=0001Rev=1.00 //USB键盘
S:
Manufacturer=
S:
Product= USBMouse
C:
*#Ifs=1Cfg#=1Atr=a0MxPwr=100mA
I:
If#=0Alt=0#EPs=1Cls=03(HID )Sub=01Prot=02Driver=usbhid
E:
Ad=81(I)Atr=03(Int.)MxPS= 8Ivl=10ms
T:
Bus=02Lev=00Prnt=00Port=00Cnt=00Dev#= 1Spd=12 MxCh=2
B:
Alloc= 0/900us(0%),#Int= 0,#Iso= 0
D:
Ver=1.10Cls=09(hub )Sub=00Prot=00MxPS=64#Cfgs= 1
P:
Vendor=0000ProdID=0000Rev=2.06
S:
Manufacturer=Linux2.6.15-1.2054_FC5ohci_hcd
S:
Product=OHCIHostController
S:
SerialNumber=0000:
00:
03.1
C:
*#Ifs=1Cfg#=1Atr=c0MxPwr= 0mA
I:
If#=0Alt=0#EPs=1Cls=09(hub )Sub=00Prot=00Driver=hub
E:
Ad=81(I)Atr=03(Int.)MxPS= 2Ivl=255ms
T:
Bus=01Lev=00Prnt=00Port=00Cnt=00Dev#= 1Spd=12 MxCh=2
B:
Alloc= 0/900us(0%),#Int= 0,#Iso= 0
D:
Ver=1.10Cls=09(hub )Sub=00Prot=00MxPS=64#Cfgs= 1
P:
Vendor=0000ProdID=0000Rev=2.06
S:
Manufacturer=Linux2.6.15-1.2054_FC5ohci_hcd
S:
Product=OHCIHostController
S:
SerialNumber=0000:
00:
03.0
C:
*#Ifs=1Cfg#=1Atr=c0MxPwr= 0mA
I:
If#=0Alt=0#EPs=1Cls=09(hub )Sub=00Prot=00Driver=hub
E:
Ad=81(I)Atr=03(Int.)MxPS= 2Ivl=255ms
[root@localhostusb]#
===========================================
Linux硬件管理的基础知识
作者:
北南南北
来自:
LinuxSir.Org
摘要:
本文主要解说在Linux中,硬件设备的表示方法及查看工具等;最主要的目的是当我们遇到硬件问题时,懂得如何根据硬件信息来解决问题;
一、在Linux系统中,对硬件判别的标识的依据;
在LinuxSir.Org讨论区,我们经常看到有些弟兄这样来描述自己的硬件“我的显示卡是XXX牌子的,Linux不支持怎么办?
”。
其实这样描述是最差的,大家也根本没有办法提供帮助;因为Linux对硬件的识别是以为芯片组的厂商为依据的,而非硬件的品牌;因为现在硬件厂商大多是OEM的,也就是说硬件的主芯片是他们生产不了的,但他们会从硬件主芯片厂商拿来,焊接在自己的电路板上,这就是OEM的过程;
无论什么硬件都是以芯片组的厂商为标识的,而不是什么市场看到的这个品牌,那个品牌的;举个例子,我们在市场上看到有各种各样的显卡,其实看一下他们的芯片,大多是ATI和NVIDIA的,所有的ATI和NVIDIA的驱动都是ATI和NVIDIA开发出来的。
所以我们提问的时候,要把硬件的芯片说出来,芯片是驱动的唯一标识,而不是品牌!
!
!
所以我们要找硬件的驱动时,我们一定要根据硬件主芯片的信息来找相关的驱动;
二、在Linux中查看硬件信息的工具;
在Linux中,并不是没有工具可以查看硬件的芯片信息,应该说Linux的工具能把硬件信息查看的更清楚;下面介绍几个常用的工具;我们最常用的工具还是lspci;其它的工具只是了解一下;
1、lspci列出所有PCI设备;
lspci-listallPCIdevices,主要是有来列出机器中的PCI设备,比如声卡、显卡、猫、网卡等,主板集成设备也能列出来;lspci是读取hwdata数据库,hwdata由软件包hwdata提供;大约有如下文件;
[beinan@localhost~]#rpm-qlhwdata-0.158-1
/etc/hotplug/blacklist
/etc/pcmcia
/etc/pcmcia/config
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/Cards
/usr/share/doc/hwdata-0.158
/usr/share/doc/hwdata-0.158/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/hwdata-0.158/LICENSE
/usr/share/hwdata
/usr/share/hwdata/CardMonitorCombos
/usr/share/hwdata/Cards
/usr/share/hwdata/MonitorsDB
/usr/share/hwdata/pci.ids
/usr/share/hwdata/pcitable
/usr/share/hwdata/upgradelist
/usr/share/hwdata/usb.ids
lspci有两个参数是我们常用的,-b和-v,lspci也会把usb接口列出来;
举例:
[root@localhostbeinan]#lspci-b
00:
00.0Hostbridge:
IntelCorporation82852/82855GM/GME/PM/GMVProcessortoI/OController(rev02)
00:
00.1Systemperipheral:
IntelCorporation82852/82855GM/GME/PM/GMVProcessortoI/OController(rev02)
00:
00.3Systemperipheral:
IntelCorporation82852/82855GM/GME/PM/GMVProcessortoI/OController(rev02)
00:
02.0VGAcompatiblecontroller:
IntelCorporation82852/855GMIntegratedGraphicsDevice(rev02)
00:
02.1Displaycontroller:
IntelCorporation82852/855GMIntegratedGraphicsDevice(rev02)
00:
1d.0USBController:
IntelCorporation82801DB/DBL/DBM(ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M)USBUHCIController#1(rev03)
00:
1d.1USBController:
IntelCorporation82801DB/DBL/DBM(ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M)USBUHCIController#2(rev03)
00:
1d.2USBController:
IntelCorporation82801DB/DBL/DBM(ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M)USBUHCIController#3(rev03)
00:
1d.7USBController:
IntelCorporation82801DB/DBM(ICH4/ICH4-M)USB2EHCIController(rev03)
00:
1e.0PCIbridge:
IntelCorporation82801MobilePCIBridge(rev83)
00:
1f.0ISAbridge:
IntelCorporation82801DBM(ICH4-M)LPCInterfaceBridge(rev03)
00:
1f.1IDEinterface:
IntelCorporation82801DBM(ICH4-M)IDEController(rev03)
00:
1f.3SMBus:
IntelCorporation82801DB/DBL/DBM(ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M)SMBusController(rev03)
00:
1f.5Multimediaaudiocontroller:
IntelCorporation82801DB/DBL/DBM(ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M)AC'97AudioController(rev03)
00:
1f.6Modem:
IntelCorporation82801DB/DBL/DBM(ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M)AC'97ModemController(rev03)
02:
00.0Ethernetcontroller:
RealtekSemiconductorCo.,Ltd.RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+(rev10)
02:
09.0CardBusbridge:
TexasInstrumentsTexasInstrumentsPCIxx21/x515CardbusController
02:
09.2FireWire(IEEE1394):
TexasInstrumentsTexasInstrumentsOHCICompliantIEEE1394HostController
02:
09.3Unknownmassstoragecontroller:
TexasInstrumentsTexasInstrumentsPCIxx21Integrat