第2学期阅读词汇大赛 Unit2.docx

第2学期阅读词汇大赛 Unit2.docx

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第2学期阅读词汇大赛Unit2

2013-2014第2学期

阅读词汇大赛

UnitTwo

（第5周）

阅读版

PartOneReadingComprehension（75%）

Directions:

Thereare10passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

PassageOne

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Assupplierofmostofthefoodweeatandofrawmaterialsformanyindustrialprocesses,agricultureisclearlyanimportantareaoftheeconomy.Buttheindustrialperformanceofagricultureisevenmoreimportantthanthis.Forinnationswheretheproductivityoffarmersislow,mostoftheworkingpopulationisneededtoraisefoodandfewpeopleareavailableforproductionofinvestmentgoodsorforotheractivitiesrequiredforeconomicgrowth.Indeed,oneofthefactorsrelatedmostcloselytothepercapitalincome（人均收入）ofanationisthefractionofitspopulationengagedinfarming.Inthepoorestnationsoftheworldmorethanhalfofthepopulationlivesonfarms.Thiscomparessharplywithlessthan10percentinWesternEuropeandlessthan4percentintheUnitedStates.

Inshort,thecourseofeconomicdevelopmentingeneraldependsinafundamentalwayontheperformanceoffarmers.Thisperformanceinturn,dependsonhowagricultureisorganizedandontheeconomicenvironment,ormarketstructure,withinwhichitfunctions.InthefollowingpagestheperformanceofAmericanagricultureisexamined.Itisappropriatetobeginwithaconversationofitsmarketstructure.

1.Thispassageismostprobably________.

A）anewsitemB）partofanintroductionofabook

C）partofalectureD）anadvertisement

2.Whatismostimportanttoagricultureis________.

A）theamountoffooditproducesB）thepercapitalincomeoffarmers

C）itsindustrialperformanceD）theproductionofinvestmentgoods

3.Theword“this”inLine4refersto________.

A）theprovisionoffoodandrawmaterialsB）theproductivityoffarmers

C）theproductionofinvestmentgoodsD）theeconomyasawhole

4.Theperformanceoffarmersessentiallydetermines________.

A）thesizeoftheworkingpopulationB）theorganizationofagriculture

C）themarketstructureD）thegeneraldevelopmentofeconomy

5.Thispassagewillmostprobablybefollowedbyadiscussionof________.

A）thestructureofAmericanfarmingpopulation

B）themarketstructureofAmericanagriculture

C）thevariousfunctionsofAmericanagriculture

D）theorganizationofAmericanagriculture

PassageTwo

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Before1945,hardlyanyoneoutsideofNewMexicohadeverheardofAlamogordo.In1960itspopulationnumbered21,723.Eversince1898,whenthetownhadbeenbuiltbytheSouthernPacificRailroad,Alamogordohadbeenalonelytown.Thelandarounditwaslargelydesert,andlargelyempty.

Becauseitwasisolatedandbecausetheweatherwasalmostalwaysclearandpeaceful,aspotofdesertnearAlamogordowaschosenasthelastsiteforthefirstatomicbombeverexploded.ThesecretnameofthetestwasZeo.

AtdawnonJuly16,1945,theatomicbombwassetoff.Observersagreedthattheyhadwitnessedsomethingunlikeanythingeverseenbymenbefore,ahuge,colorfulfireball,morebrilliantthanthesunflashingasitroseformilesintotheair.Neverbeforehadmenreleasedsomuchpoweratonetime,norhadanynationeverpossessedweaponasterribleanddestructiveastheatomicbomb.

Forseveralweeks,thetestwaskeptsecret.WhenanatomicbombwasdroppedfromanAmericanplaneonHiroshima,Japan,newspapersandradiostationsalloverAmericatoldofthetestofthebombinNewMexico.Almosteverybodywasamazedtolearnwherethebombhadbeenmadeandtested;thedesertsoftheSouthwesthadhiddenthesecretwell.

Whennewsoftheatomicbombanditsdestructivenesswasannounced,peopleallovertheworldwonderedwhatothernewweaponswerebeingpreparedintheNewMexicodesert.Somepeopledoubtedthatthesecretofmakingatomicbombscouldbekeptfromothercountries.Someevendoubtedthewisdomofusingsopowerfulaweapon.Butnoonedoubtedthatanewkindofwar—andanewkindofworld—hadbegunatAlamogordo,onesummermorningin1945.

6.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

A）ThesecretofAlamogordo.

B）Anewkindofwar.

C）Thedestructiveforceofthefirstatomicbomb.

D）Theselectionofthetestsiteforthefirstatomicbomb.

7.WhichofthefollowingisthemainreasonforchoosingAlamogordoasthetestsite?

A）Italwayshadanenjoyableclimate.

B）Itwasconnectedtoothercitiesbyarailway.

C）Itslocationwouldhidethesecretwell.

D）ItwassituatedinsouthwesternNewMexico.

8.WhenwastheatomicbombdroppedonHiroshima?

A）Assoonasthesecretwasrevealed

B）AtdawnonJuly16,1945

C）Immediatelyafterthetest

D）Severalweeksafterthetest

9.Afterthefirstatomicbombexplosion,everybodyagreedthat________.

A）itwaswisetochooseAlamogordoasthetestsite

B）manhadenteredtheageofnuclearwarfare

C）itwasnotwisetousesuchapowerfulweapon

D）itwasnotpossibletokeepthetechnologyofmakingatomicbombssecret

10.Thetoneofthispassageisoneof________.

A）anxietyB）satisfaction

C）encouragementD）fear

PassageThree

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Theaimoftheteacheristogethispupilsasquicklyaspossibleovertheperiodinwhicheachprintedsymbolislookedatforitsshape,andarriveatthestagewhenthepupillooksatwordsandphrases,fortheirmeaning,almostwithoutnoticingtheshapesoftheseparateletters.

Whenagoodreaderisatworkhedoesnotlookatletters,norevenatwords,onebyonehoweverquickly;hetakesinthemeaningoftwo,three,orfourwordsatatime,inasinglemoment.Watchcarefullytheeyesofapersonwhoisreading,anditwillbeseenthattheydonottravelsmoothlyalongthelinesofprint,buttheymovebyjumpsseparatedbyveryshortstops.Theeyesofaverygoodreadermovequickly,takinglongjumpsandmakingveryshorthalts（停顿）;theeyesofapoorreadermovemoreslowly,takingonlyshortjumpsandstoppinglongerateachhalt.Sometimes,whenhemeetsadifficulty,heevengoesbackwardstoseeagainwhathasalreadybeenlookedatonce.

Theteacher’staskisthereforeclear:

itistotrainhispupilstotakeinseveralwordsataglance（oneeye-jump）andtoremovethenecessityforgoingbackwardstoreadsomethingasecondtime.

Thisshowsatoncethatletter-by-letter,orsyllable-by-syllable,orword-by-wordreading,withthefingerpointingtotheword,carefullyfixingeachoneinturn,iswrong.Itiswrongbecausesuchamethodtiesthepupil’seyesdowntoaveryshortjump,andtheaimistotrainforthelongjump.Moreover,averyshortjumpistooshorttoprovideanymeaningorsense;anditwillbefoundthathavingstruggledwiththreeorfourwordsseparately,thepupilhastolookatthemagain,alltogetherandinonegroup,inordertogetthemeaningofthewholephrase.

11.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothefirstparagraph?

A）Pupilsshouldbetrainedtoreachquicklythestageofreadingwithouthavingtoconcentrateontheseparatesymbols.

B）Pupilsshouldlookateachprintedsymbolforitsmeaningaswellasforitsshape.

C）Teachersshouldhelptheirpupilsavoidlookingattheshapeoftheprintedsymbols.

D）Teachersshouldtelltheirpupilsthedifferentstagesoftheirstudy.

12.Inasinglemoment,agoodreaderpicksup________.

A）severalwords

B）severalphrases

C）severalsentences

D）severallines

13.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisFALSE?

A）Theeyesofagoodreadermakeshorthaltsandlongjumps.

B）Theeyesofabadreadertakeinthemeaningofonewordatatime.

C）Theeyesofabadreadertakeonlyshortjumps.

D）Theeyesofagoodreadermovesteadily.

14.Onemayhavetoreadsomethingasecondtimeif________.

A）thereisenoughtime

B）onereadstoofast

C）thepassageisverylong

D）onereadswordbyword

15.Themainideaofthelastparagraphisthat________.

A）word-by-wordreadingishighlyinefficient

B）thepupil’seyesshouldfocusongroupsofsyllablesinsteadofsinglesyllables

C）pupilshavetomovetheireyesbackandforthwhenreading

D）fingerpointinginreadinghelpsthepupilconcentrateonmeaning

PassageFour

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Televisionhaschangedthelifestyleofpeopleineveryindustrializedcountryintheworld.IntheUnitedStates,wheresociologistshavestudiedtheeffects,someinterestingobservationshavebeenmade.

Television,althoughnotessential,hasbecomeanimportantpartofmostpeople’slives.Italterspeople’swaysofseeingtheworld;inmanyways,itsupportsandsustains（维持）modernlife.Televisionhasbecomeababy-sitter,anintroducerofconversations,themajortransmitterofculture,akeeperoftradition.YetwhenwhatcanbeseenonTVinonedayiscriticallyanalyzed,itbecomesevidentthattelevisionisnotateacherbutasustainer;thepoorqualityofprogrammingdoesnotelevate（提高）peopleintogreaterunderstanding,butrathermaintainsandencouragesthelifeasitexists.

TheprimaryreasonforthelackofqualityinAmericantelevisionisrelatedtoboththehistoryofTVprogrammingdevelopmentandtheeconomicsofTV.TelevisioninAmericabeganwiththeradio.Radiocompaniesandtheirsponsorsfirstexperimentedwithtelevision.Therefore,thecloserelationshipwhichtheadvertisershadwithradioprogramsbecamethesystemforAmericanT