PAPER FINAL.docx

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PAPERFINAL

Style,theThought

OntheInfluenceofMulti-cultureLiteraryReceptiononLaoShe’sReferenceandDevelopmentfromDickens

issubmittedby

WangWanyi

（2010017175）

SupervisedbyShengHaiyan

BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology

December,2013

Abstract

SincetheMayFourthMovement,bytheeffectofWesternLearningTide,almostallthewritersofmodernChineseliteraturehistoryhadbeenimpactedbytheforeignliterature,LaoSheistherepresentative.In1924,hesetfootonBritish,andembarkedonacreativepathinLondon.Inthecourseofhisliterarycreation,hewasaffectedbysuchforeignliteraturesastheBritishwritersCharlesDickens,Conrad,Wells,ItalianwritersDanteandRussianliteratures.Amongthem,hisfirstforeignliteratureteacherisCharlesDickens,thepersonwhoalsoimpactedhisliterarycreationthroughthelifetime.ItcouldbesaidwithouttheinspirationofDickens,LaoShewouldnotgoontheroadofliterature.

Althoughtheywereindifferenttimesnordifferentregions,theysharedsimilarlifeexperience,whichleadstoitbeingeasierforLaoShetoacceptandabsorbthequintessenceofDickens’masterpieces.

Thedirectimpactismainlyreflectedinhisearlycreation.Dickens’similarcareertriggeredLaoshe’sdesireofwritingandhisnovelsprovokedLaoShe’snostalgiclonging,aswellasDickens’humorous,expressivelanguageandvividdescriptionwhichstimulatedLaoShe’ssenseofhumor,allofwhichgotLaoShe’swritingcareerstarted.HebegantoimitateDickens’styleone-sided.Withthematureofhiscreation,hisworksreflectedmoreethniccharacteristicsinspiteofaestheticstyle,themeselectionandcharacterizationreferringtoDickens.

Inconclusion,LaoShe’screationsnotonlyabsorbednutrimentsofEnglishworksofCharlesDickens,butalsorevealedtherootofChineseculture.ItwasthespecificsocialbackgroundandspecialtimethatmadeLaoShereflectmoreonthefateofthewholecountry.Thus,hewasamasterofChineseliterarywritersonthebasisofthereferenceanddevelopmentofDickens’creation.ThispapermainlydemonstratestheimpactofDickens’creationstoLaoSheandhisworks’developmentonthebasisofDickens’creations.

Keywords:

DickensLaoshenovelsmulti-culturalliteraryreceptionaestheticstylethemeselectioncharacterizationhumorstructure

Outline

Thethesisconsistsfourchapters.Thebackgroundinformation,rationaleofthestudy,thebasicintroductionofLaosheandDickensaretobediscussedinchapterone.Chaptertworeviewstheliterature.Thediscussionispresentedinchapterthree.Thelastchapteristhesummary.Chapterthreepresentstheinfluenceandreference.Thedifferenceanddevelopmentisdiscussedinchapterfour.Thelastchapteristhesummary.

Chapter1Introduction

1.1Introduction

Multi-culturalliteraryreceptionisoneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluenceliterarycomposing.AmongmodernChinesewriters,whowerefondofDickens’worksbyreadingLinShu’stranslations,LaoShewastheonlyonewhosecreationswereeffectedbyDickens’aestheticstyle,themeselection,characterizationandhumorouslanguagegreatlyandobviously.AfterheleftforBritain,hecameacrosstheblastwaveofDickens’masterworksforthesecondtime,duringwhichhemadeuphismindtogetdowntocultivatingtheworldbycharacters.ThereadingsofDickens’worksstimulatedLaoShetowrite.AccordingtoLaoShe（1940）:

在我年轻的时候，我极喜读英国大小说家狄更斯的作品，爱不释手。

我初习写作，也有些效仿他。

他的伟大究竟在哪里？

我不知道。

我只学来些耍字眼儿，故意逗笑等等“窍门”，扬扬得意。

（p.57）

WhydidDickens’workstriggeredLaoShe’spassionofcreating?

Firstofall,Dickens’nature,familycircumstances,andsocialstratumweresimilartohim.AndthenitwasDickens’humanismandhumorthatattractedhimalot.Lastbutnottheleast,LondontoDickenswaswhatPekingtoLaoShe.Thistouchedoffhistrainofhomethoughts.

AlloftheaboveportrayedLaoshe’sbasicwritingstyle,buttheone-sidedinfluenceandimitationdidnotblockLaoshe’sindividualspiritualexpressionandindependentfurtherdevelopment.OnthebasisofDickens’creations,addinghisownthoughts,hemixedChinesespecificcharactersandnativedialoguestogethertocreateanewliteralworld.

1.2RationaleoftheStudy

Outofthevasthostsofnovelists,DickenswasararefamousonewhowasgenerallyregardedasthegreatestnovelistoftheVictorianperiodandthecreatorofsomeoftheworld'smostmemorablefictionalcharacters.WhileLaoshe,anovelistanddramatist,wasoneofthemostsignificantfiguresof20thcenturyChineseliterature.Eitherofthemledavitalpositioninliteralworld.Theiraestheticstyle,themeselection,characterizationandhumorwereworthtobestudied.

SincetheMayFourthMovement,bytheeffectofWesternLearningTide,almostallthewritersofmodernChineseliteraturehistoryhadbeenimpactedbytheforeignliterature,LaoSheistherepresentative.HelearnedalotfromDickensandformedhisownthoughtandstylegradually.TothegenerationofmodernChinesewriters,thewesternculturalandliteraturewerethegreatnutritiontotheirrevolutionsofwritingandtheseweretheverythingthatdrovethemtobeinvolvedinthechangingtime.FromthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenDickensandLaoShe,wecanseethroughtheinfluenceofwesterncultureandliteratureonmodernChinesewriters’thoughtsatthattime.

Chapter2LiteratureReview

Overthepastyears,someresearchershavestudiedontheinfluenceofmulti-cultureliteraryreceptiononLaoShe’sreferenceanddevelopmentfromDickens.Therefore,thecomparisonbetweenthesetwofamouswritersisinevitable.ComparisonresearchworkismainlypresentedbyChinesescholars.

GeGuiLu,comparesthesetwomainlyfromthehumouswritingstyleandhumanismthoughts.HeanalysesthedifferenceanddevelopmentandholdsthatitisLaoshe’schangingattitudetowardsocietyandlifethatmakesthetranscendenceofDickens.

PengLumao,discussestheinteractionsbetweenLaosheandDickens’literarycreationfromtheperspectiveofcomparativeliterature.

WangPing,analysesoneoftheirfamouswritingfeatures—humouslanguage.ShesummarizesthatLaoshelearnedalotfromDickens’shumouslanguageonthebasisoftheirsimilarlifeexperience,liketheirfamilybackground,timebackgroundandhumanthoughts.

Thecomparisonslistedabovearemainlyfromthewritingstyle,andtechniquesofexpression,butthemaindefectislackofacompleteviewandrigidframe.

2.1BiographyofCharlesDickensandLaoShe

Dickensrocketedtofamewiththe1836serialpublicationofThePickwickPapers.Withinafewyearshehadbecomeaninternationalliterarycelebrity,celebratedforhishumor,satire,andkeenobservationofcharacterandsociety.Dickenswasregardedasthe'literarycolossus'ofhisage.His1843novella,AChristmasCarol,isoneofthemostinfluentialworkseverwritten,anditremainspopularandcontinuestoinspireadaptationsineveryartisticgenre.Dickensisoftendescribedasusing'idealized'charactersandhighlysentimentalscenestocontrastwithhiscaricaturesandtheuglysocialtruthshereveals.

LaoShe’smostfamousworksareRickshawBoyandTeahouse.RickshawBoywaspublishedin1936.ItdescribesthetragiclifeofarickshawpullerinBeijingofthe1920sandisconsideredtobeaclassicofmodernChineseliterature.TheEnglishversionRickshawBoybecameaUSbestsellerin1945;itwasanunauthorizedtranslationthataddedabowdlerizedhappyendingtothestory.In1982,theoriginalversionwasmadeintoafilmofthesametitle.Teahouseisaplayinthreeacts,setinateahousecalled"YuTai"inBeijingfrom1898untiltheeveofthe1949revolution.Firstpublishedin1957,theplayisasocialandculturalcommentaryontheproblems,culture,andchangeswithinChinaduringtheearlytwentiethcentury.

Chapter3TheInfluenceandReference

3.1TheinfluenceofDickens'novelsonLaoShe’sthemeselection

Literaryreceptionisoneoftheimportantelementseffectingliterarywritings.LaoShe’sthemeselectionisgreatlyinfluencedbyDickens’.Mostoftheirnovelssetintheirfamiliarcities—LondonandBeijing.Theyfocusedonthelowerclasses’situationanddevotedthemselvestoshowarealworldbytheirrealisticandcriticalessays.

3.1.1Dickens'LondonandLaoShe'sBeijing

DickenssetfootoneachcornerofLondon—thebig,flourishedandprosperedcitymadehimagitatedandenraged.Hisworksnotonlyexposedthehypocrispy,greedyupper-classsocietyandbourgeoisiesatrocitytopublicinBritainofthe19thcentury,butalsoshowedthelowerclasses'miserablesituationwithdeepsympathyandindignation。

AtatimewhenBritainwasthemajoreconomicandpoliticalpoweroftheworld,Dickenshighlightedthelifeoftheforgottenpooranddisadvantagedwithinsociety.Throughhisjournalismhecampaignedonspecificissues—suchassanitationandtheworkhouse.

AsforLaoShe,hesaid‘IwasborninBeijing.Iamfamiliarwithallthesurroundingshere.Idaretocultivateitbyallmeans.’Basedontheiraffectionstowardstheirowncities,theycreatedalotoffamousnativeworks.WhenLaoshestudiedinLondon,hereadmanyofDickens’workswhichtriggeredhispassiontowriteaboutBeijing.HeimbibedtheknowledgeofDickens’methodsandstyleofwritingabouthisLondonandapplieditintohisownBeijing.LaoShewasconversantwiththingsnativeandoverseaandtookadvantageofDickens’styletoembarkonhisowncreativepath.

InOliverTwistDickensprovidesreaderswithanidealizedportraitofaboysoinherentlyandunrealistically'good'thathisvaluesareneversubvertedbyeitherbrutalorphanagesorcoercedinvolvementinagangofyoungpickpock