初高中英语语法专题动词及答案.docx

初高中英语语法专题动词及答案.docx

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初高中英语语法专题动词及答案

英语语法专题（词法）

动词

（高考八大重点词性：

名词、代词、冠词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词）

一、动词四大考点

●时态（现在时、过去时和将来时）

●语态（主动语态和被动语态）

●谓语和非谓语

●词义辨析（单一动词辨析和动词短语辨析）

二、时态、语态、谓语（考点范围：

语法填空和短文改错）

●常考时态：

一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时和过去完成时

●常考语态：

被动语态

●是否谓语：

判断动词是谓语还是非谓语

A组

思考：

本组题的考点是什么？

1.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman____________（present）thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiledwarmlyandthanked…

2.Everyfewyears,thecoalworkers____________（have）theirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.

3.…peoplesteppedonyourfeetor____________（push）youwiththeirelbows,hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.

4.Heaskedmeto____________（give）himahelpinghand.

5.—MayIhaveawordwithMissAnna?

—Sorry,she____________（talk）toherfriendonthephone.

小结：

本组题考查动词时态。

先确定所填动词是否在句子中充当谓语成分，再根据前后文判断时态。

B组

思考：

本组题的考点是什么？

1.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane____________（inform）.

2.Linda,makesurethetables____________（set）beforetheguestsarrive.

3.BytheendofnextJulythisbuilding____________（complete）.

4.Idon’tknowwhatdecision____________（make）attheconference,asMikehasn’treportedtomeyet.

5.Iknowtheman____________（introduce）tomebymyfriendataninternationalconference.

小结：

本组题考被动语态。

谓语动词的语态分为主动语态和被动语态，填动词的被动语态时还要注意时态。

C组

思考：

本组题的考点是什么？

1.Afterthestudentleft,theteacherletanotherstudenttastethewater.Hespititout,____________（say）itwasawful.

2.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank____________（buy）presentsformydad.

3.Alexandertriestogethiswork____________（recognize）inthemedicalcircles.

4.The next morning she found the man in bed, ____________（lie）dead.

5.Most of the artists____________（invite） to the party are from South Africa. 

小结：

本组题考查非谓语动词。

如果一个句子已有谓语动词，且不是并列谓语，就要考虑非谓语（现在分词、过去分词或不定式），再结合与逻辑主语，分清主动关系或被动关系，确定该填哪种形式。

D组

思考：

本组题的考点是什么？

1.Johnisvery ____________（rely）.Ifhepromisestodosomething,he’lldoit.

2.Thepatientisseriouslyillandisbeingkeptundercontinuous____________（observe）.

3.Onher____________（arrive）,shewouldalwayshugme,promisingnevertobelateagain.

4.Finallywereachedan____________（agree）thatwewouldstillbegoodfriends,butshemustn’tbelateagain.

5.Ifwearewise,weacceptthese____________（fail）asanecessarypartofthelearningprocess.

小结：

本组题考词语派生。

分析句子结构，当所给动词不充当谓语或非谓语，必须弄清要填的词在句子中充当哪种句子成分，做该成分需要哪种词类的词（形容词、名词、副词），把括号中的词转换成相应的词类。

●比较以下三个“produce”的不同用法

1.Thefilmwhichispopularamongyoungpeople____________（produce）lastyear.

2.Thefilm____________（produce）lastyearwaspopular.

3.Wealllikethefilmwhich____________（produce）lastyear.

专项练习

（一）单句填空

1.Theboy,whohadremainedsilentanddeepinthoughtonthejourneyhome,____________（reply）inawaythatshockedhisfather.

2.Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic____________（run）smoothly.

3.Uptonow,theprogram____________（save）thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.

4.TheGroupofEight,orG8,____________（form）byeightoftheworld’swealthiestnationsin1998.

5.Mr.Smith,____________（tire）ofthe____________（bore）speech,startedtoreadanovel.

6.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho____________（wear）aneveningdress.

7.LiuxiangwasthefirstAsian____________（win）themen’s110mhurdlesattheOlympicsinAthens.

8.Whenfirst____________（introduce）tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.

9.____________（give）therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars.

10.Wewereastonished____________（find）thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.

11.Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,____________（kill）allfourpeopleonboard.

12.Theplay____________（produce）nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.

13.Hehadawonderfulchildhood,____________（travel）withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.

14.Doyoubelievethatthereisa____________（connect）betweensmokingandheartdisease?

15.Lastnightwasthemost____________（enjoy）timeI’vehadinamonthofSundays.

16.Shestaredatthepainting,wonderingwhereshe____________（see）it.

17.Idon’tbelieveyou’vealreadyfinishedreadingthebookI____________（lend）toyouthismorning.22.Withthegovernment’said,those____________（affect）bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.

18.Thechildrenallturned____________（look）atthefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.

19.____________（approach）thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.

20.____________（see）fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.

21.Listen!

Doyouhearsomeone____________（call）forhelp?

22.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if____________（carry）outregularly,canimproveourhealth.

23.Ihadgreatdifficulty____________（find）thesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.

24.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine____________（reduce）theoveruseofwaterinstudents’bathrooms.

25.Theflowers____________（smell）sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature

26.____________（wait）inthequeueforhalfanhourTomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.

27.Acookwill____________（fire）ifheisfound____________（smoke）inthekitchen.

28.Friendshipislikemoney:

easiermakethan____________（keep）.

29.Unless____________（invite）tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.

30.AftermyguestsleftIspentasmuchtimeasIcould____________（clean）therooms

（二）语法填空

（2015·新课标全国Ⅱ）

Theadobedwellings（土坯房）____1____（build）bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven____2____mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty，whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir____3____（able）to“aircondition”ahousewithout____4____（use）electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat____5____（slow）duringcoolnights，thuswarmingthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks，thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough____6____（cool）thehouseduringthehotday：

____7____thesametime，theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle____8____（go）dayafterday:

Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset（抵消）fortheoutsidetemperatures.As____9____（nature）architects，thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly____10____thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.

（2015·广东高考）

Mr.Johnsonlivedinthewoodswithhiswifeandchildren.Heowned____1____farm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.____2____（lucky）,healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.Hesoldorexchangedsomeofthemilkinthetownsnearby____3____otherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhat____4____（leave）．Thecowwastheironlymeansofsupport,infact.Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrass____5____itbegantorainheavily.Whilemakinggreateffortstorunaway,she____6____（fall）overthehillanddied.ThentheJohnsonshadtomakealiving____7____thecow.Inordertosupporthisfamily,Mr.Johnsonbegantoplantherbsandvegetables.Sincetheplantstookawhiletogrow,hestartedcuttingdowntrees____8____（sell）thewood.Thinkingabouthischildren'sclothes,hestartedgrowingcottontoo.Whenharvestcamearound,hewasalreadysellingherbs,vegetablesandcottoninthemarket____9____peoplefromthetownsmetregularly.Nowitoccurredto____10____thathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.

（2014·新课标全国Ⅰ）

Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?

In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It____1____（be）unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit____2____（actual）caughtfireandburned.Now，yearslater，thisriverisoneof____3____mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.

Buttheriverwasn'tchangedinafewdays____4____evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork____5____（reduce）theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally，thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris____6____（clean）thanever.

Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouhaveahabit____7____isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon'tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation，don'tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?

Whilethereare____8____（amaze）storiesofinstanttransformation，formostofusthe____9____（change）aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork，likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe____10____（patience）．

（三）单句改错

1.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.

2.We’dbetternottomissthechancetoenjoyit.

3.Wearelookingforwardtoseeyouonthebirthdayparty.

4.Butthentherearealwaysmoremysterieslookinto.

5.I’msorryIkeepyouwaitforalongtime.Igotcaughtinthetraffic.

6.I’dliketoyourpenfriend,andgettoknowmoreaboutyourcountry.

7.I’mgladtolearnthatyou’vebeensettleddowninBostonandaregettingusedtothelocalwaysoflife.

8.Whenonestudentdoesso,muchlargervaluesaredestroying.

9.…andtoletyouknowwhenthebookyouwanthasreturnedandisreadyforyoutopickup.

10.Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.

（四）短文改错

（2017·全国Ⅰ）

In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took drivi