大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案1.docx

大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案1.docx

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大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案1

2021年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Therearedesertplantswhichsurvivethedryseasonintheformofinactiveseeds.Therearealsodesertinsectswhichsurviveasinactivelarvae（幼虫）.Inaddition,difficultasitistobelieve,therearedesertfishwhichcansurvivethroughyearsofdrought（干旱）intheformofinactiveeggs.Thesearetheshrimps（小虾）thatliveintheMojaveDesert,anintenselydryregioninthesouth-westoftheUnitedStateswhereshadetemperaturesofover50Careoftenrecorded.

TheeggsoftheMojaveshrimpsarethesizeandhavetheappearanceofgrainsofsand.Whensufficientspringrainfallstoformalake,onceeverytwotofiveyears,theseeggshatch（孵化）.Thenthewaterissoonfilledwithmillionsoftinyshrimpsaboutamillimetrelongwhichfeedontinyplantandanimalorganismswhichalsogrowinthetemporarydesertlake.Withinaweek,theshrimpsgrowfromtheiroriginal1millimetretoalengthofabout1.5centimetres.

Throughoutthetimethattheshrimpsarerapidlymaturing,thewaterinthelakeequallyrapidlyevaporates.Therefore,fortheshrimpsitisaraceagainsttime.Bythetwelfthday,however,whentheyareabout3centimetrelong,hundredsoftinyeggsformontheunderbodiesofthefemales.Usuallybythistime,allthatremainsofthelakeisalarge,muddypatchofwetsoil.Onthethirteenthdayandthenext,duringthefinalhoursoftheirbrieflives,theshrimpslaytheireggsinthemud.Then,havingensuredthattheirspecieswillsurvive,theshrimpsdieasthelastofthewaterevaporates.

Ifsufficientrainfallsthenextyeartoformanotherlake,theeggshatch,andonceagaintheshrimpspassrapidlythroughtheircycleofgrowth,adulthood,egg-laying,anddeath.Someyearsthereisinsufficientraintoformalake:

inthiscase,theeggswillremaindormantforanotheryears,orevenlongerifnecessary.Very,veryoccasionally,perhapstwiceinahundredyears,sufficientrainfallstoformadeeplakethatlastsamonthormore.Inthiscase,thespeciespassesthroughtwocyclesofgrowth,egg-laying,anddeath.Thus,onsuchoccasions,thespeciesmultipliesconsiderably,whichfurtherensuresitssurvival.

21.WhichofthefollowingistheMOSTdistinctivefeatureofMojaveshrimps?

A）Theirlivesarebrief.

B）Theyfeedonplantandanimalorganisms.

C）Theireggscansurviveyearsofdrought.

D）Theylaytheireggsinthemud.

22.Bysaying“fortheshrimpsitisaraceagainsttime”（Para.3,line2）theauthormeans________.

A）theyhavetoswimfasttoavoiddangerintherapidlyevaporatinglake

B）theyhavetoswimfasttocatchtheanimalorganismsonwhichtheysurvive

C）theyhavetomultiplyasmanyaspossiblewithinthirteendays

D）theyhavetocompletetheirlifecyclewithinashortspanoftimepermittedbytheenvironment

23.Thepassagemainlydealswith________.

A）thelifespanoftheMojaveshrimps

B）thesurvivalofdesertshrimps

C）theimportanceofwatertolife

D）lifeintheMojaveDesert

24.Theword“dormant”（Para.4,Line3）mostprobablymeans________.

A）inactive

B）strong

C）alert

D）soft

25.Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat________.

A）appearanceandsizearemostimportantforlifetosurviveinthedesert

B）aspeciesmustbeabletomultiplyquicklyinordertosurvive

C）forsomespeciesonelifecycleinayearisenoughtosurvivethedesertdrought

D）somespeciesdevelopauniquelifepatterntosurviveinextremelyharshconditions

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Opportunitiesforrewardingworkbecomefewerforbothmenandwomenastheygrowolder.Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.Ouryouth-oriented,throw-awaycultureseeslittlevalueinolderpeople.InwriterLilianHellman’swords,theyhave“thewisdomthatcomeswithagethatwecan’tmakeuseof.“

Unemploymentandeconomicneedforworkishigheramongolderwomen,especiallyminorities,thanamongyoungerwhitewomen.Anationalcouncilreportsthesefindings:

thoughunemployedlongerwhenseekingwork,olderwomenjob-huntharder,holdajoblongerwithlessabsenteeism（缺勤）,performaswellorbetter,aremorereliable,andaremorewillingtolearnthanmenoryoungerwomen.Yetmanyolderwomenearnpoorpayandfaceafutureofpovertyintheirretirementyears.When“sexismmeetsageism,povertyisnolongeronthedoorstepitmovesin,”accordingtoTishSommers,directorofaspecialstudyonolderwomenfortheNationalOrganizationforWomen.

Yeta1981reportontheWhiteHouseConferenceonAgingshowsthatasagroup,olderAmericansarethe“wealthiest,bestfed,besthoused,healthiest,mostself-reliantolderpopulationinourhistory.“Thisstatementissmallcomforttothoselivingbelowthepovertyline,butitdoesexplodesomeoftheoldtraditionalbeliefsandfears.Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.Theyhavefewrolemodelsbecauseinpreviousgenerationsthelifespanwasmuchshorterandexpectationsoflifewerefewer.Theyareploughingnewground.

Employersarebeginningtorecognizethatthematurepersoncanbringagreatdealofstabilityandresponsibilitytoaposition.Onedoesn’tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone’s65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.

26.Aftertheageof40,________.

A）mostworkersaretiredoftheirpresentjobs

B）manyworkerstendtosticktheirpresentjobs

C）peoplefindtheirjobsmorerewardingthanbefore

D）peoplestillwishtohuntformoresuitablejobs

27.FromHeilman’sremark,wecanseethat________.

A）fullusehasbeenmadeofthewisdomofolderpeople

B）thewisdomofolderpeopleisnotvaluedbyAmericansociety

C）olderpeoplearenolessintelligentthanyoungpeople

D）thewisdomofolderpeopleisofgreatvaluetoAmericansociety

28.TishSommersarguesthat________.

A）olderwomenfindithardtoescapepoverty

B）olderwomenusuallyperformbetterintheirjobs

C）themajorcauseofthepovertyofolderwomenissexism

D）morepeoplehavecometobelieveinsexismandageism

29.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,itcanbeseenthatolderAmericans________.

A）havemorejobopportunitiesthanyoungpeople

B）livebelowthepovertyline

C）havenewopportunitiestoremainactiveinsociety

D）nolongerbelieveinthepromiseofahappylifeuponretirement

30.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthewriter________.

A）callsattentiontothelivingconditionsofolderAmericans

B）believesthatvalueofolderpeopleisgainingincreasingrecognition

C）attemptstojustifytheyouth-oriented,throw-awaycultureoftheUnitedStates

D）arguespeopleshouldnotretireattheageof65or70

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Themostexcitingkindofeducationisalsothemostpersonal.Nothingcanexceedthejoyofdiscoveringforyourselfsomethingthatisimportanttoyou!

Itmaybeanideaorabitofinformationyoucomeacrossaccidentally—orasuddeninsight,fittingtogetherpiecesofinformationorworkingthroughaproblem.Suchpersonalencountersarethe“payoff”ineducation.Ateachermaydirectyoutolearningandevenencourageyouinit—butnoteachercanmaketheexcitementorthejoyhappen.That’suptoyou.

Aresearchpaper,assignedinacourseandperhapscheckedatvariousstagesbyaninstructor,leadsyoubeyondclassroom,beyondthetextsforclassesandintoaprocesswherethejoyofdiscoveryandlearningcancometoyoumanytimes.Preparingtheresearchpaperisanactiveandindividualprocess,andideallearningprocess.Itprovidesastructurewithinwhichyoucanmakeexcitingdiscoveries,ofknowledgeandofself,thatarebasictoeducation.Buttheresearchpaperalsogivesyouachancetoindividualizeaschoolassignment,tosuitapieceofworktoyourowninterestsandabilities,toshowotherswhatyoucando.Writingaresearchpaperismorethanjustaclassroomexercise.Itisanexperienceinsearchingout,understandingandsynthesizing,whichformsthebasisofmanyskillsapplicabletobothacademicandnonacademictasks.Itis,inthefullestsense,adiscovering,aneducation.So,toproduceagoodresearchpaperisbothausefulandathoroughlysatisfyingexperience!

Tosome,thethoughtofhavingtowriteanassignednumberofpages,oftenmorethaneverproducedbefore,isdisconcerting.Toothers,theveryideaofhavingtoworkindependentlyisthreatening.Butthereisnoneedtoapproachtheresearchpaperassignmentwithanxiety,andnobodyshouldviewtheresearchpaperasanobstacletoovercome.Instead,consideritagoaltoaccomplish,agoalwithinreachifyouusethehelpthisbookcangiveyou.

31.Accordingtothewriter,personaldiscoveries________.

A）willgiveoneencouragementanddirection

B）arehelpfulinfindingtherightinformation

C）arethemostvaluablepartofone’spersonaleducation

D）willhelponetosuccessfullycompleteschoolassignments

32.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwritingaresearchpapergivesonechances________.

A）tofullydevelopone’spersonalabilities

B）tousetheskillslearntintheclassroom

C）toprovethatoneisaproductivewriter

D）todemonstratehowwellonecanaccomplishschoolassignment

33.Fromthecontext,theword“disconcerting”（Para.3,Line2）mostprobablymeans________.

A）misleading

B）embarrassing

C）stimulating

D）upsetting

34.Thewriterarguesinthepassagethat________.