高考英语任务型阅读试题含答案100.docx
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高考英语任务型阅读试题含答案100
高考英语任务型阅读试题（含答案）100
一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Parentsoftensaythattheydon'tmindwhattheirchildrendoinlifejustaslongastheyarehappy.Happinessandpleasurearealmostuniversallyseenasamongthemostprecioushumangoods.________PhilosopherJeremyBenthambelievedthatallsourcesofpleasureareofequalquality,butJohnStuartMilldisagreed.Millarguedforadifferencebetweenhigherandlowerpleasure.________Lowerpleasure,incontrast,requiresmere（仅仅的；纯粹的）senses.
Theentiredebateassumesacleardividebetweenthephysicalandthemental.________Whatwillitmeanforourideasaboutpleasure?
________Foodisusuallyconsideredtobethelowerpleasure.Allanimalseat,usingthesensesofsmellandtaste.Itdoesn'trequireanycomplexcognition（认知）toconcludethatsomethingisdelicious.However,thesepeoplefailedtoappreciatesomethingthattheFrenchfoodwriterJeanAnthelmeBrillat-Savarincaptured.Thatis,"Animalsfeed;maneats;onlythemanofintellect（才智）knowshowtoeat."
Eatingshowsthatthedifferencebetweenhigherpleasureandlowerpleasureisnotwhatyouenjoybuthowyouenjoyit.________Preparingitusingthepowersofreflectionandattentionturnsitintoahigherpleasure.
A.Thediningtableisagoodplacetostart.
B.Wolfingdownyourfoodisalowerkindofpleasure.
C.What'stherealdifferencebetweenhighandlowpleasure?
D.Whathappensifthephysicalandthementalcannotbeseparated?
E.Allphilosophersbelievedthatcookerycouldneverbeaformofart.
F.Higherpleasuredependsonhumanabilitiessuchasself-awarenessorlanguageuse.
G.However,disagreementswillbecausedaboutwhethersomeformsofpleasurearebetterthanothers.
【答案】G；F；D；A；B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，幸福和快乐几乎被普遍认为是人类最宝贵的财富之一。
然而，关于某些形式的快乐是否比其他形式的好，会产生分歧。
JohnStuartMill认为快乐的高低是有区别的。
且以就餐为例，指出吃表明高快乐和低快乐的区别不是你喜欢什么，而是你如何享受它。
狼吞虎咽是一种低级乐趣，但是用心准备它就能将低级乐趣转变为高级乐趣。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后“PhilosopherJeremyBenthambelievedthatallsourcesofpleasureareofequalquality,butJohnStuartMilldisagreed.”可知JeremyBentham认为所有快乐的来源都是平等的，但是JohnStuartMill不同意。
可知关于某些形式的快乐是否比其他形式的好，存在分歧。
故选G。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前“Millarguedforadifferencebetweenhigherandlowerpleasure.”密尔认为快乐的高低是有区别的。
与下文提到了lowerpleasure，即可知本句应是说明了higherpleasure。
故F.Higherpleasuredependsonhumanabilitiessuchasself-awarenessorlanguageuse.“更高的快乐取决于人类的能力，如自我意识或语言使用”。
惩戒上下文符合语境，故选F。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前“Theentiredebateassumesacleardividebetweenthephysicalandthemental.”整个辩论在生理和心理上有明显的分歧。
其中physicalandthemental可对应到D选项中thephysicalandthemental，意思为：
如果身体和精神不能分开会发生什么?
故选D。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前“Foodisusuallyconsideredtobethelowerpleasure.”可知提到了food，故A.Thediningtableisagoodplacetostart.“餐桌就是一个分歧很明显的地方。
”符合语境，故选A。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后“Preparingitusingthepowersofreflectionandattentionturnsitintoahigherpleasure.”用反思和专注的力量来准备它，会把它变成一种更高的乐趣。
根据上文可知：
狼吞虎咽是一种低级趣味。
故选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
2．任务型阅读
Istoodattheedgeofthecliff.Thewindstungmyeyes,cuttingintomyskin.Dark-featheredbirdscircledtheair,swooping（俯冲）lowovertheoceaneverynowandthentocatchtheirdinner.Hundredsoffeetbelow,thedeepoceanbeatagainsttheroughsandyshore.Itookadeepbreath,fillingmylungswithexcitement—andatthesametime,fear.
Behindme,Iheardtherestofthecrewstarttomutter.IwasherefortheshootingofamovieasIwasoneoftheleadactorsinthefilmDangerousThings,andthisscenewasrightinthemiddleoftheclimax（故事的高潮）.Itwasvitalthatthiswentright.
Thedirectorhadtalkedtomeaboutgettingastuntdouble（替身演员）,butI'dpersuadedhimthatIcouldhandlethedive.I'dtakenadivingcourseafewyearsago,andI'dbeentakingswimminglessonssinceIwasfiveyearsold.IhadbeenprettyconfidentthatIcoulddothis—uptillnow.
Someonecalledout,“Ceria,youdon'thavetodothis!
Areyousureyouwanttodive?
”Itwasoneoftheproducers,CallieEvans.IknewIcouldn'tturnbacknow.Icouldn'tbeartoseethedisappointedlookonthedirector'sfacewhenhewastoldthatIcouldn'tdoit.
Atthatmoment,allmyfearsandworriesbrokefree.Theexpectationofadventureandvictoryseemedtomoveallthehesitation.Iswoopeddownwards.Theaironeithersideofmecutintomyextendedarms.Iknewthatthiswonderfulfeelingofflightwouldonlylastafewseconds,yettimeseemedtoslowdownsoIcouldhearthethrilledwhoopsofmycrewandaroundofapplausethatseemedtoechoinmypoundingears.
（1）Atthebeginning,howdidtheauthorfeelaboutwhatshewasgoingtodo?
（Nomorethan3words）
（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2meaninEnglish?
（Nomorethan15words）
（3）Whywastheauthorthatconfidentindiving?
（Nomorethan10words）
（4）Whatwasthecrew'sreactionwhiletheauthorwasdivingdown?
（Nomorethan10words）
（5）Howdoyouliketheauthor?
Pleaseexplainwhy. （Nomorethan25words）
【答案】
（1）Shefeltexcitedandfrightened/fearful.
（2）Itwasimportantthatthescenewasproperlyshot.
Or:
（Becauseitwastheclimaxofthemovie）,thedivemustperformsuccessfully/well.
（3）Becauseshehadtakendivingandswimmingcourses.
（4）Thecrewcheeredloudlyforher.
（5）Ithinktheauthorwasbraveandconfident,becauseshecouldovercomethefeartochallengeherselfandenjoysuccess.
Or:
Ithinkshewasbravebecauseshedidn'tchickenoutwhenfacingchallenges.
【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。
作者讲述了自己拍摄电影的故事。
（1）根据第一段中的Itookadeepbreath,fillingmylungswithexcitement—andatthesametime,fear.（我深深地吸了一口气，肺里充满了兴奋——同时也充满了恐惧）可知，一开始，作者对她将要做的事情感觉既兴奋又害怕。
考虑字数限制，故答Shefeltexcitedandfrightened/fearful。
（2）根据第二段中的IwasherefortheshootingofamovieasIwasoneoftheleadactorsinthefilmDangerousThings,andthisscenewasrightinthemiddleoftheclimax.（我在这里拍摄一部电影，因为我是电影《危险的事情》的主角之一，而这个场景正好处于高潮的中间）可知，因为这个场景正好处于高潮的中间，因此拍好这个场景是至关重要。
考虑字数限制，故答Itwasimportantthatthescenewasproperlyshot.Or:
（Becauseitwastheclimaxofthemovie）,thedivemustperformsuccessfully/well。
（3）根据第三段中的I'dtakenadivingcourseafewyearsago,andI'dbeentakingswimminglessonssinceIwasfiveyearsold.（几年前我上过潜水课，从五岁起我就一直在上游泳课）可知，作者对潜水很有信心是因为她学过潜水和游泳课程。
考虑字数限制，故答Becauseshehadtakendivingandswimmingcourses。
（4）根据最后一段中的Icouldhearthethrilledwhoopsofmycrewandaroundofapplause（我能听到团队成员们激动的呼喊和掌声）可知，当作者潜水时，团队成员们激动的呼喊和鼓掌。
考虑字数限制，故答Thecrewcheeredloudlyforher。
（5）本题是开放性题目。
首先要表明立场，然后解释原因。
通读原文可知，作者是勇敢和自信的，因为她面对挑战时她没有退缩，克服恐惧，挑战自己，享受成功。
考虑字数限制，故答Ithinktheauthorwasbraveandconfident,becauseshecouldovercomethefeartochallengeherselfandenjoysuccess.Or:
Ithinkshewasbravebecauseshedidn'tchickenoutwhenfacingchallenges.
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。
在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
3．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Decodingtheyoungbrain
Therewasafunnyexperimenttoseehowayoungchildwouldansweraspecificquestioncomparedtoanadult.Aftertheadulthadspentsometimespeakingwiththechild,heaskedthechild,“Whatdoyouthinkaboutme？
”Thechildanswered,“Youtalktoomuch.”Whentheadultperformedthesameexperimentwithanotheradult,thereplytothesamequestionwas,“Ithinkyou'reaveryinterestingperson.”Eveniftheadultfeltthesamewayasthechild,hisbrainallowedhimtotakeamoment，considerthequestion,andcomeupwithananswer.Hecouldhavebeenannoyed,buthisanswerdidn'treflectitbecausehewasbeingpolite.
Thesecretliesinthescienceofthedevelopingbrain.Thechild'shonestanswerwasreflectedinthefactthathisbrainwasn'tequippedtofilter（过滤）informationbeforeansweringthequestion.Asaresult,hewashonest,buthesaidsomethingthatmayhavebeenhurtful.However,thechilddidnotintentionallyhurttheadult;it'sjustthewayhisbrainworks.Asachildgrowsintoadolescenceandthenintoadulthood,thatchanges.
Thehumanbrainismadeupofbillionsofneurons（神经元）.Inorderforourbodytoexecuteacommand,likegettingupfromachairandwalkingtotheotherroom,theneuronsinthebrainhavetocommunicatewitheachother.Theyalsohelpusemployoursensesliketasteandtouchandhelpusrememberthings.
Whentheneuronssendmessages,perhapsonesensation（感觉）thepersonfeelsisexcitementabouteatingacookiebecauseitissodelicious.Later,ifthatpersonsmellsacookieorhearssomeonetalkingaboutacookie,itcansparktheelectricalsignalsthatcallupthememoryofeatingthedeliciouscookie.Inanadult,heorshemayrememberthateatingtoomanycookiescanhaveconsequences,likeweightgain.Butbecausetheyoungerbrainismoreimpulsive（冲动的）,thedesiretofeelthepleasureofthesweettreatoutweighstheconsequences.
Thatisbecausewhenachildisyoung,hisbrainis“wired”insuchawaythatheseekspleasureandismorewillingtotakerisksthananadult.Thisaffectshisdecision-makingprocessanditiswhyyoungerpeopletendtobemoreimpulsive.Sometimesparentshavetotelltheirchildrenoverandoveragainbeforethechildremembersthatsomethingisdangerousorrisky.Howmanytimeshaveweheardaparentsay,“Itellherthisallthetime,butsheneverlistens！
”
Toconclude,whatweknowabouttheyoungbrainisthatchildrenaremorelikelythanadultstobeimpulsive.Itisn'talwaysnecessarilybecausetheyarebeingnaughty;itmayverywellbebecauseoftheirbrains.Sothenexttimeyouaskachildwhathereallythinksofyou,bepreparedforanykindofanswer.
Decodingtheyoungbrain
Anexperimentonayoungchild
Ayoungchildansweredthequestion___
升级会员 