形容词和副词用法总结归纳讲解.docx
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形容词和副词用法总结归纳讲解
第三章形容词和副词
形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。
而副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
何时用形容词何时用副词是许多同学搞不清楚的地方。
一些常见形容词、副词的区别也是高考的一个重点。
第1讲形容词和副词的选用
考点1.根据所作的句子成分选用形容词和副词
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子用副词,这时,副词作状语;作定语、表语和补语时一般用形容词。
可简单归结为:
形作“定表补”;副修“副句形动”(可谐音记为“付诸行动”),常做状语。
常见的使用形容词的情况:
作表语、定语、补语。
Heisacarefulboy.(作定语,用形容词)
Heiscareful.(作表语,用形容词)
Youmustkeepyoureyesclosed.(作宾语补足语,用形容词)。
常见的使用副词的情况:
修饰动词、形容词、副词和整个句子。
Hewritescarefully.Hewalksslowly.
(认真地写,慢慢地走,修饰动词用副词)
Thismaterialisenvironmentallyfriendly.
(修饰形容词用副词)
Herunsveryslowly.
(修饰副词slowly,因此very是副词)
Unfortunately,helostallofhismoney.
(修饰整个句子用副词)
Ⅰ.用括号内词的形容词或副词形式的适当形式填空,并说明为什么用这种形式。
1.Thismathproblemis_____andIcanworkitout_____.(easy)
2.Therewasa_____windlastnight,itblew_____.(strong)
3.Theboyshavea_____time,they’replaying_____.(happy)
4.The_____girlsingsvery_____.(beautiful)
5.“I’vemissedit,”Robertsaid_____.(angry)
6._____(surprising),hereturnedsafeandsound(安然无恙地)thenextmorning.
7._____(hope),hecangetonwellwithallhisclassmatesinthenewschool.
8._____,hedidn’tfailintheexam.(luck)
9.Hewas_____illandIwas_____sorryforthat.(terrible)
10.Itwas_____(extreme)coldthatdayandthemeetingwas_____(especial)important.
11.Heisan_____singerandhesings_____well.(incredible)
Ⅱ.选择括号内的形容词或副词填空。
Thehikerswerewalkingslowly)upthemountainpath.Suddenly,theysawalargecreatureabovethem.Itlookedvery(2.strange/strangely),withalargeheadandthickblackhair.Thecreaturescreamed(尖叫)(3.loud/loudly.)Itsounded/horribly),likethescreamofamadperson.Thenthecreatureranquickly)behindarock.Whenthehikersgotthere,theysawbigfootprintsinthesnowandsomeblackhairontherocks.Thehairwasdirtyandsmelled(6.terrible/terribly).Thehikers(7.careful/carefully)tookphotos.Fromthatmomenttheystartedtofeelanxiously)andtheysleptbadly)thatnight.Whentheygotbackhome,theydeveloped(冲洗)thephotos.Therewasnothingthere,onlysnowandrocks!
Ⅲ.单项选择。
1.Theseorangestaste_______.
2.A.goodB.well
3.C.tobegoodD.tobewell
4. 【2006上海春】Someexpertsthinkthatlanguagelearningismuch_____forchildrenastheirtonguesaremoreflexible.
5.A.easyB.easier
6.C.easilyD.moreeasily
7.【2009福建】Itseemsthatlivinggreenis_____easyandaffordable.Asmallstepmakesabigdifference.
8.A.exactlyB.fortunately
9.C.surprisinglyD.hardly
10.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheplan?
11.—Ifeel_____thatweoughttogiveitupatonce.
12.A.strongB.stronger
13.C.stronglyD.itstrong
14.【1993全国】Shedoesn’tspeak_____herfriend,butherwrittenworkisexcellent.
15.A.aswellasB.sooftenas
16.C.somuchasD.asgoodas
17.【2004上海】HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot_____anativespeaker.
18.A.asfluentasB.morefluentthan
19.C.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan
20.【2006湖南】AlthoughshedidnotknowBostonwell,shemadeherway_____totheHomeCircleBuilding.
A.easyenoughB.enougheasy
C.easilyenoughD.enougheasily
21.【2007上海春】Nowadaystherolesofhusbandandwifearenotas_____definedasbefore,especiallywhenbothpartnersworkandearnmoneyforthefamily.
22.A.clearB.clearer
23.C.clearlyD.moreclearly
24.【2007浙江】Workgetsdone_____whenpeopledoittogether,andtherewardsarehighertoo.
25.A.easilyB.veryeasy
26.C.moreeasilyD.easier
27.【2005上海春】—Whatanicefireyouhaveinyourfireplace!
28.—DuringthewinterIlikemyhouse_____.
29.A.warmlyandcomfortably
30.B.warmandcomfortable
31.C.warmandcomfortably
32.D.warmlyandcomfortable
33.【2007上海春】Althoughthecountryhashadpoliticalindependenceforoveracentury,_____itneedsthesupportofitsneighbors.
34.A.naturallyB.economically
35.C.especiallyD.luckily
36._____,thethiefdidn’ttakeanythingvaluablebutmynotebook.
37.A. StrangeitisB.Tobestrange
38.C.StrangelyenoughD.Itwasstrange
考点2.形容词也作状语,但表示主语所处的状态
1.【2013上海】Thejudgesgavenohintofwhattheythought,soIlefttheroomreally________.
2.A.tobeworriedB.toworry
3.C.havingworriedD.worried
4.Theoldhostessstood_____foramomentwhenshesawabeggarappearbeforehersuddenly.
5.A.surprisingB.surprised
6.C.surprisedlyD.tosurprise
7.【2008北京】Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,_____.
8.A.hungryandtiredlyB.hungryandtired
9.C.hungrilyandtiredlyD.hungrilyandtired
10.【2009浙江】_____andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.
11.A.TobetriedB.Tired
12.C.TiringD.Beingtired
考点3.以-ly结尾的未必都是副词
下列单词以-ly结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:
lively,lonely,lovely,deadly,friendly,ugly,silly,likely,brotherly,timely等。
考点4.下列几组词,词尾有无-ly都可作副词
一些副词有副词原形和以-ly结尾两种形式。
大多数情况下,不以-ly结尾表“具体”,以-ly结尾表“抽象”。
1. close与closely
close意思是“近”;closely意思是“仔细地,密切地”。
如:
Heissittingclosetome.
Watchhimclosely.
2.late与lately
late意思是“晚”;lately意思是“最近”。
如:
Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?
3.deep与deeply
deep意思是“深”,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,“深深地”。
如:
Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.
EvenFatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.
4.high与highly
high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。
如:
Theplanewasflyinghigh.
Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.
5.wide与widely
wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是“广泛地”,“在许多地方”。
如:
Heopenedthedoorwide.
Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.
6.free与freely
free的意思是“免费的”;freely的意思是“无限制地”。
如:
Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.
Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.
13.【2002北京】Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood______tohermother.
14.A.closeB.closely
15.C.closedD.closing
16.Holdthebook______please,forIcan’tseethewordsinitclearly.
17.A.morecloserB.moreclosely
18.C.closelyD.closer
19.Althoughhewasdisabledwhenhewasonlytenyearsofage,yetheaimed______,forwhichhisclassmatesspoke______ofhim.
20.A.high;highB.highly;highly
21.C.highly;highD.high;highly
第2讲-ed形容词与-ing形容词
-ed形容词,通常说明人,意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常说明事物,意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。
Hehasafrightenedlookonhisface.他脸上带有惊恐的神情。
(他感到恐惧)
Hehasafrighteninglookonhisface.他脸上带着令人恐惧的神情。
excite使人兴奋excited感到兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的
surprise使吃惊surprised感到吃惊的surprising令人吃惊的
amaze使惊奇amazed感到惊奇的amazing令人惊奇的
embarrass使窘迫embarrassed感到窘迫的embarrassing令人窘迫的
frustrate使沮丧frustrated感到沮丧的frustrating令人沮丧的
interest使感兴趣interested感到有兴趣的interesting令人感兴趣的
thrill使兴奋thrilled感到兴奋的thrilling令人兴奋的
terrify使恐惧terrified感到恐惧的terrifying令人恐惧的
please使高兴pleased感到高兴的pleasing令人高兴的
satisfy使满意satisfied感到满意的satisfying令人满意的
frighten使害怕frightened感到害怕的frightening令人害怕的
tire使疲倦tired感到疲倦的tiring令人疲倦的
bore使厌烦bored感到厌烦的boring令人厌烦的
relax使放松relaxed感到放松的relaxing令人放松的
fascinate使神魂颠倒fascinated感到神魂颠倒的fascinating令人神魂颠倒的
annoy使恼怒annoyed感到恼怒的annoying令人恼怒的
move使感动moved感到感动的moving令人感动的
worry使忧虑worried感到忧虑的worrying令人忧虑的
confuse使困惑confused感到困惑的confusing令人困惑的
touch使感动touched感到感动的touching令人感动的
disappoint使失望disappointed感到失望的disappointing令人失望的
shock使震惊shocked感到震惊的shocking令人震惊的
puzzle使迷惑puzzled感到迷惑的puzzling令人迷惑的
练习Ⅰ.用括号内所给动词的-ed形式或-ing形式填空。
1.Thechildrenwere_____afterthetrip.(tire)
2.Thetripwas_____.(tire)
3.The_____childrenwenttobedearlyafterthetrip.(tire)
4.The_____triplastedawholeday.(tire)
5.Thetripmadethechildren_____.(tire)
6.Thebadweathermadethetrip_____.(tire)
7.Tom’sparentsare_____athis_____resultsoftheexams.(disappoint)
8._____andangry,heleftthemeeting-room.(disappoint)
9.Itis_____thathedidn’tpasstheexamination.
10.(disappoint)
11.Whenhearingthe_____newsthatMichaelJacksonpassedaway,theywere_____tolookateachother.(surprise)
12.Hewas_____abouthis_____son.(worry)
13.I’mnot_____withhisinterpretationofthissentence.(satisfy)
14.Hewas_____withthe_____person.(annoy)
15.Apolicecarappearedontheroad,thethiefhada_____lookonhisface.(frighten)
16.Thesituationhereis_____andweare_____.(encourage)
17.Ifindtheshoppingvery_____.Igetvery_____insupermarkets.(bore)
18.Iam_____inscience.Ithinkit’svery_____.(interest)
19.Idon’tfindbasketball_____.Ionlyget_____whenIwatchfootball.(excite)
20.Hesaidhewas_____(please)withtheprogressofeconomy,butIfoundsomeofwhathesaidwas_____(worry).
Ⅱ.单项选择。
1.Fromhis_____voiceonthephoneIknoweverythingisgoingunderway.
2.A.satisfactoryB.satisfying
3.C.satisfiedD.satisfaction
4.【2002春】—I’mvery_____withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.
5.—Mm,itdoeshavea_____smell.
6.A.pleasant;pleased
7.B.pleased;pleased
8.C.pleasant;pleasant
9.D. pleased;pleasant
10.【2003北京春】Mr.Smith,_____ofthe_____speech,startedtoreadanovel.
11.A.tired;boringB.tiring;bored
12.C.tired;boredD.tiring;boring
13.【2004重庆】Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_____.
14.A.worriedB.toworried
15.C.worryingD.worry
16.Hehadneverspenta______day.
17.A.moreworryB.mostworrying
18.C.moreworryingD.moreworried
19.【2006安徽】Tomsoundsverymuch______inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.
20.A.interestedB.interesting
21.C.interestinglyD.interestedly
22.Howdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?
23.Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas_____thanIexpected.
24.A.farmoreinteresti