形容词和副词用法总结归纳讲解.docx

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形容词和副词用法总结归纳讲解

第三章形容词和副词

形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。

而副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。

何时用形容词何时用副词是许多同学搞不清楚的地方。

一些常见形容词、副词的区别也是高考的一个重点。

第1讲形容词和副词的选用

 

考点1.根据所作的句子成分选用形容词和副词

修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子用副词,这时,副词作状语;作定语、表语和补语时一般用形容词。

可简单归结为:

形作“定表补”;副修“副句形动”(可谐音记为“付诸行动”),常做状语。

常见的使用形容词的情况:

作表语、定语、补语。

Heisacarefulboy.(作定语,用形容词)

Heiscareful.(作表语,用形容词)

Youmustkeepyoureyesclosed.(作宾语补足语,用形容词)。

常见的使用副词的情况:

修饰动词、形容词、副词和整个句子。

Hewritescarefully.Hewalksslowly.

(认真地写,慢慢地走,修饰动词用副词)

Thismaterialisenvironmentallyfriendly.

(修饰形容词用副词)

Herunsveryslowly.

(修饰副词slowly,因此very是副词)

Unfortunately,helostallofhismoney.

(修饰整个句子用副词)

Ⅰ.用括号内词的形容词或副词形式的适当形式填空,并说明为什么用这种形式。

1.Thismathproblemis_____andIcanworkitout_____.(easy)

2.Therewasa_____windlastnight,itblew_____.(strong)

3.Theboyshavea_____time,they’replaying_____.(happy)

4.The_____girlsingsvery_____.(beautiful)

5.“I’vemissedit,”Robertsaid_____.(angry)

6._____(surprising),hereturnedsafeandsound(安然无恙地)thenextmorning.

7._____(hope),hecangetonwellwithallhisclassmatesinthenewschool.

8._____,hedidn’tfailintheexam.(luck)

9.Hewas_____illandIwas_____sorryforthat.(terrible)

10.Itwas_____(extreme)coldthatdayandthemeetingwas_____(especial)important.

11.Heisan_____singerandhesings_____well.(incredible)

Ⅱ.选择括号内的形容词或副词填空。

Thehikerswerewalkingslowly)upthemountainpath.Suddenly,theysawalargecreatureabovethem.Itlookedvery(2.strange/strangely),withalargeheadandthickblackhair.Thecreaturescreamed(尖叫)(3.loud/loudly.)Itsounded/horribly),likethescreamofamadperson.Thenthecreatureranquickly)behindarock.Whenthehikersgotthere,theysawbigfootprintsinthesnowandsomeblackhairontherocks.Thehairwasdirtyandsmelled(6.terrible/terribly).Thehikers(7.careful/carefully)tookphotos.Fromthatmomenttheystartedtofeelanxiously)andtheysleptbadly)thatnight.Whentheygotbackhome,theydeveloped(冲洗)thephotos.Therewasnothingthere,onlysnowandrocks!

Ⅲ.单项选择。

1.Theseorangestaste_______.

2.A.goodB.well

3.C.tobegoodD.tobewell

4. 【2006上海春】Someexpertsthinkthatlanguagelearningismuch_____forchildrenastheirtonguesaremoreflexible. 

5.A.easyB.easier

6.C.easilyD.moreeasily

7.【2009福建】Itseemsthatlivinggreenis_____easyandaffordable.Asmallstepmakesabigdifference.

8.A.exactlyB.fortunately

9.C.surprisinglyD.hardly

10.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheplan?

   

11.—Ifeel_____thatweoughttogiveitupatonce. 

12.A.strongB.stronger

13.C.stronglyD.itstrong

14.【1993全国】Shedoesn’tspeak_____herfriend,butherwrittenworkisexcellent.

15.A.aswellasB.sooftenas 

16.C.somuchasD.asgoodas

17.【2004上海】HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot_____anativespeaker.

18.A.asfluentasB.morefluentthan

19.C.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan

20.【2006湖南】AlthoughshedidnotknowBostonwell,shemadeherway_____totheHomeCircleBuilding.

A.easyenoughB.enougheasy

C.easilyenoughD.enougheasily

21.【2007上海春】Nowadaystherolesofhusbandandwifearenotas_____definedasbefore,especiallywhenbothpartnersworkandearnmoneyforthefamily.

22.A.clearB.clearer

23.C.clearlyD.moreclearly

24.【2007浙江】Workgetsdone_____whenpeopledoittogether,andtherewardsarehighertoo.

25.A.easilyB.veryeasy

26.C.moreeasilyD.easier

27.【2005上海春】—Whatanicefireyouhaveinyourfireplace!

28.—DuringthewinterIlikemyhouse_____.

29.A.warmlyandcomfortably 

30.B.warmandcomfortable

31.C.warmandcomfortably 

32.D.warmlyandcomfortable

33.【2007上海春】Althoughthecountryhashadpoliticalindependenceforoveracentury,_____itneedsthesupportofitsneighbors.

34.A.naturallyB.economically

35.C.especiallyD.luckily

36._____,thethiefdidn’ttakeanythingvaluablebutmynotebook.   

37.A. StrangeitisB.Tobestrange  

38.C.StrangelyenoughD.Itwasstrange

考点2.形容词也作状语,但表示主语所处的状态

1.【2013上海】Thejudgesgavenohintofwhattheythought,soIlefttheroomreally________.

2.A.tobeworriedB.toworry

3.C.havingworriedD.worried

4.Theoldhostessstood_____foramomentwhenshesawabeggarappearbeforehersuddenly.

5.A.surprisingB.surprised

6.C.surprisedlyD.tosurprise

7.【2008北京】Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,_____.

8.A.hungryandtiredlyB.hungryandtired

9.C.hungrilyandtiredlyD.hungrilyandtired

10.【2009浙江】_____andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.

11.A.TobetriedB.Tired

12.C.TiringD.Beingtired

考点3.以-ly结尾的未必都是副词

下列单词以-ly结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:

lively,lonely,lovely,deadly,friendly,ugly,silly,likely,brotherly,timely等。

考点4.下列几组词,词尾有无-ly都可作副词

一些副词有副词原形和以-ly结尾两种形式。

大多数情况下,不以-ly结尾表“具体”,以-ly结尾表“抽象”。

1. close与closely

close意思是“近”;closely意思是“仔细地,密切地”。

如:

Heissittingclosetome.

Watchhimclosely.

2.late与lately

 late意思是“晚”;lately意思是“最近”。

如:

 Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?

3.deep与deeply

deep意思是“深”,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,“深深地”。

如:

 Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.

 EvenFatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.

4.high与highly

high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。

如:

Theplanewasflyinghigh.

Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.

5.wide与widely

wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是“广泛地”,“在许多地方”。

如:

Heopenedthedoorwide.

Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.

6.free与freely

free的意思是“免费的”;freely的意思是“无限制地”。

如:

Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.

Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.

13.【2002北京】Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood______tohermother.

14.A.closeB.closely

15.C.closedD.closing

16.Holdthebook______please,forIcan’tseethewordsinitclearly.

17.A.morecloserB.moreclosely

18.C.closelyD.closer

19.Althoughhewasdisabledwhenhewasonlytenyearsofage,yetheaimed______,forwhichhisclassmatesspoke______ofhim.

20.A.high;highB.highly;highly

21.C.highly;highD.high;highly

第2讲-ed形容词与-ing形容词

 

-ed形容词,通常说明人,意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常说明事物,意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。

 Hehasafrightenedlookonhisface.他脸上带有惊恐的神情。

(他感到恐惧)

Hehasafrighteninglookonhisface.他脸上带着令人恐惧的神情。

excite使人兴奋excited感到兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的

surprise使吃惊surprised感到吃惊的surprising令人吃惊的

amaze使惊奇amazed感到惊奇的amazing令人惊奇的

embarrass使窘迫embarrassed感到窘迫的embarrassing令人窘迫的

frustrate使沮丧frustrated感到沮丧的frustrating令人沮丧的

interest使感兴趣interested感到有兴趣的interesting令人感兴趣的

thrill使兴奋thrilled感到兴奋的thrilling令人兴奋的

terrify使恐惧terrified感到恐惧的terrifying令人恐惧的

please使高兴pleased感到高兴的pleasing令人高兴的

satisfy使满意satisfied感到满意的satisfying令人满意的

frighten使害怕frightened感到害怕的frightening令人害怕的

tire使疲倦tired感到疲倦的tiring令人疲倦的

bore使厌烦bored感到厌烦的boring令人厌烦的

relax使放松relaxed感到放松的relaxing令人放松的

fascinate使神魂颠倒fascinated感到神魂颠倒的fascinating令人神魂颠倒的

annoy使恼怒annoyed感到恼怒的annoying令人恼怒的

move使感动moved感到感动的moving令人感动的

worry使忧虑worried感到忧虑的worrying令人忧虑的

confuse使困惑confused感到困惑的confusing令人困惑的

touch使感动touched感到感动的touching令人感动的

disappoint使失望disappointed感到失望的disappointing令人失望的

shock使震惊shocked感到震惊的shocking令人震惊的

puzzle使迷惑puzzled感到迷惑的puzzling令人迷惑的

练习Ⅰ.用括号内所给动词的-ed形式或-ing形式填空。

1.Thechildrenwere_____afterthetrip.(tire)

2.Thetripwas_____.(tire)

3.The_____childrenwenttobedearlyafterthetrip.(tire)

4.The_____triplastedawholeday.(tire)

5.Thetripmadethechildren_____.(tire)

6.Thebadweathermadethetrip_____.(tire)

7.Tom’sparentsare_____athis_____resultsoftheexams.(disappoint)

8._____andangry,heleftthemeeting-room.(disappoint)

9.Itis_____thathedidn’tpasstheexamination.

10.(disappoint)

11.Whenhearingthe_____newsthatMichaelJacksonpassedaway,theywere_____tolookateachother.(surprise)

12.Hewas_____abouthis_____son.(worry)

13.I’mnot_____withhisinterpretationofthissentence.(satisfy)

14.Hewas_____withthe_____person.(annoy)

15.Apolicecarappearedontheroad,thethiefhada_____lookonhisface.(frighten)

16.Thesituationhereis_____andweare_____.(encourage)

17.Ifindtheshoppingvery_____.Igetvery_____insupermarkets.(bore)

18.Iam_____inscience.Ithinkit’svery_____.(interest)

19.Idon’tfindbasketball_____.Ionlyget_____whenIwatchfootball.(excite)

20.Hesaidhewas_____(please)withtheprogressofeconomy,butIfoundsomeofwhathesaidwas_____(worry).

Ⅱ.单项选择。

1.Fromhis_____voiceonthephoneIknoweverythingisgoingunderway.

2.A.satisfactoryB.satisfying

3.C.satisfiedD.satisfaction

4.【2002春】—I’mvery_____withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.

5.—Mm,itdoeshavea_____smell.

6.A.pleasant;pleased

7.B.pleased;pleased

8.C.pleasant;pleasant

9.D. pleased;pleasant

10.【2003北京春】Mr.Smith,_____ofthe_____speech,startedtoreadanovel.

11.A.tired;boringB.tiring;bored

12.C.tired;boredD.tiring;boring

13.【2004重庆】Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_____.

14.A.worriedB.toworried 

15.C.worryingD.worry

16.Hehadneverspenta______day.

17.A.moreworryB.mostworrying

18.C.moreworryingD.moreworried

19.【2006安徽】Tomsoundsverymuch______inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.

20.A.interestedB.interesting  

21.C.interestinglyD.interestedly

22.Howdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?

23.Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas_____thanIexpected.

24.A.farmoreinteresti

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