全国高等教育自学考试英语二试题.docx
《全国高等教育自学考试英语二试题.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《全国高等教育自学考试英语二试题.docx(18页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
全国高等教育自学考试英语二试题
10月自考英语
(二)试题
I.VocabularyandStructure
1.Ifyou____inignoringmyinstructions,Ishallhavetopunishyou.
A.exist
B.resiste
C.persist
D.insist
2.Economics,studentneedsandournewunderstandingsofhowpeoplelearnare____tobreakthe
traditionaleducationmonopoly.
A.tempted
B.bound
C.obliged
D.determined
3.Ishallcometothemeeting.Ican'tstaytilltheend,_____.
A.though
B.somehow
C.therefore
D.otherwise
4.Theysaidhewas_____ofholdingpublicoffice,sotheydecidedtodeprivehimofhispost.
A.irrelevant
B.irresponsible
C.incapable
D.indifferent
5.Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomestics_____muchmediaattention.
A.received
B.perceived
C.inspected
D.suspected
6.Themassescannot____hunting,forverysoontherewouldbenoanimalslefttohunt.
A.gothrough
B.goinfor
C.goover
D.gointo
7.Notuntilquitedrecently_____thatlanguagewascloselyrelatedtoculture.
A.Irealized
B.didrealizeI
C.realizedI
D.didIrealize
8.Robotsareprogrammedtotakeoversuchjobs_____weldingandpainting.
A.for
B.like
C.of
D.as
10.Lotsofdependentbabiesare______ofaliabilitythannumbersoftheinactiveaged.
A.better
B.more
C.larger
D.greater
II.ClozeTest
Choiseistheopportunitytoselectamongalternatives.Ifthereisnochoise,thereisnodecisiontobemade.
Decision__11__istheprocessofchoosing,andmanydecisionshaveabroadrangeofchlise.Forexample,a
student__12__beabletochooseamonganumberofdifferentcoursesinordertoimplementthedecisionto
obtainacollegedegree.Formanager,everydecisionhasconstraintsbasedonpolicies,procedures,laws,
precedents,andthe__13__.Theseconstraintsexist__14__alllevelsoftheorganization.
Alternativesarethepossiblecousesofaction__15__choicescanbemade.Iftherearenoalternatives,there
isnochoiceand,therefore,__16__decision.__17__noalternativesareseen,oftenitmeansthatathorough
jobofexaminingtheproblemshasnotbeendone.Forexample,managerssometimes__18__problemsinan
either/orfashion;thisistheirwayofsimplifyingcomplexproblems.Butthetendencyto__19__blindsthem
tootheralternatives.
Atthemanageriallevel,decisionmakingincludeslimitingalternativesaswellasidentifyingthem,andthe
rangeisfromhighlylimited__20__practicallyunlimited.
11.A.madeB.makingC.makeD.tomake
D.shouldA.mustB.can
C.may12.
D.like13.A.similarB.sameC.soon
B.for
A.at
D.overC.on
14.
15.A.amongwhatB.betweenthemD.fromwhichC.ofthat
C.no
A.somewhatD.anyB.some16.
C.While17.A.As
D.ThoughB.If
C.face18.A.treatB.meetD.deal
B.simplify19.D.modifyC.identifyA.satisfy
B.in
D.after
20.A.beforeC.to
PassageOne
Inrecentyearsmanycompaniesoftheworldhavebeenfacedwiththeproblemofhowtomaketheir
workersmoreproductive.Someexpertsclaimtheansweristomakejobsmorevaried.Butdomorevaried
jobsleadtogreaterproductivity?
Thereisevidencetosuggestthatwhilevarietycertainlymakesthe
worker'slifemoreenjoyable,itdoesnotactuallymakehimworkharder.Asfarasincreasingproductivityis
concerned,varietyisnotanimportantfactor.
Otherexpertsfeelthatgivingtheworkerfreedomtodohisjobinhisownwayisimportantandthereisno
doubtthatthisistrue.Theproblemisthatthiskindoffreedomcannoteasilybegiveninthemodernfactory
withitscomplicatedmachineswhichmustbeusedinafixedway.Thuswhilefreedomofchoicemaybe
important,thereisusuallyverylittlethatcanbedonetocreateit.Anotherimportantconsiderationishow
mucheachworkercontributestotheproductheismaking.Inmostfactoriestheworkerseesonlyonesmall
partoftheproduct.Somecarfactoriesarenowexperimentingwithhavingmanysmallproductionlines
ratherthanonelargeone,sothateachworkercontributesmoretotheproductionofthecarsonhisline.It
wouldseemthatnotonlyisthedegreeofworkers'contributionanimportantfactor,therefore,butitisalso
onewecandosomethingabout.
Towhatextentdoesmoremoneyleadtogreaterproductivity?
Theworkersthemselvescertainlythinkthisis
important.Butperhapstheywantmoremoneyonlybecausetheworktheydoissoboring.Moneyjustlets
themenjoytheirsparetimemore.Asimilarargumentmayexplaindemandsforshorterworkinghours.
Perhapsifwesucceedinmakingtheirjobsmoreinteresting,theywillneitherwantmoremoney,norwill
shorterwirkinghoursbesoimportanttothem.
21.Thepassageismainlyabouthowto____.
A.promoteworkers'competition
B.meetworker'sneedforvariety
C.ensureworkers'rightofchoice
D.improveworkers'performance
22.Accordingtothewriter,varietyenablesaworkerto_____.
A.derivemoreenjoymentfromlife
B.workinhisownwaymorefreely
C.fulfillhisjobrequirementsbetter
D.undertakegreaterresponsibilities
23.Welearnfromthepassagethatfreedomofchoice_____.
A.canhardlyfunctioninaflexiblemanner
B.canhardlyleadtoincreasedproductivity
C.ishardlyseenaseffectivebycompanies
D.ishardlyavailableinthemodernfactory
24.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,comparedwithlargeproductionlines,smalleronesgiveworkers
____.
A.agreatervarietyofinterestingtasks
B.astrongersenseofaccomplishment
C.abetterideaofthemodernindustry
D.aclearerpictureofessentialfactors
25.Accordingtothewriter,higherpaycan_____.
A.maketiringworkmoreinteresting
B.makeupforlongerworkinghours
C.helpworkerstolivemorehappily
D.helptocreategreaterprocuctivity
PassageTwo
Weliveinatechnologicalsociety.Almosteveryaspectoflifeinthemodernworldisinfluenced(forbetter
orworse)bytechnology.Communications,transportation,manufacturing,miningandexploration,the
serviceindustries,medicine,agricultureallaredominatedbymethodsandapparatuswhicharetheresultsof
technologicaladvances.Thebasisoftechnologyisscience.withoutthefundamentaldiscoveriesand
understandingprovidedbyscience,technologywouldbehit-or-miss(随意的)affair,lackingdirectionand
makinglittleprogress.Onecanarguethatoursocietyisbeginningtosufferfromtoomuchtechnology,but
wewillneverreturntotheprimitivelifeofourancestors–technologyiswithusanditwillremainwithus.
Justasitisimportanttostudyhistorysothatwecanappreciatehowtheworldcametoitspresentstate,itis
importanttolearnsomeofthebasicconceptsofsciencesothatwecanappreciatetherolethattechnology
playsinmodernsociety.Forwithoutsomeknowledgeofthescientificprinciplesbywhichtechnology
operates,onecanneightercopewithtechnologynorassistindirectingitintotheproperchannels.
Inrecenttimes,wehavehadthegeneralattitudethatwhateveristechnologicallypossibleshouldbedone.It
isnowbecomingincreasinglyapparentthatourscientificandtechnologicalprogresshasoutstripped(超越)
ourcapacitytoperformorabsorbeverythingthatispossible.Moreandmore,weweillhavedecisionsto
make:
inwhatdirectionsshouldthethrustofournewdiscoveriesbemade?
Thesituationrequiresthatwe
makeintelligentdecisions–decisionsbasedinaknowledgeandanunderstandingofwhatcanbedone,what
willbethebenefits,andwhatweillbethecomsequences.Scientistsdonotmakethesedecisions;people
makethem.Itisthereforeincumbent(义不容辞的)oneveryindividualtoacquirethebasicknowledgethat
weillpermithimtoparticipateintelligentlyindirectingthecourseofourtechnologicaladvancement.
26.Accordingtothepassage,technologycan____.
A.producebadeffectsonsociety
B.sufferfromhit-or-missaffairs
C.influencethecourseofscience
D.restorelifeoftheprimitiveage
27.Accordingtothepassage,onemustlearnbasicconceptsofscienceinorderto____.
A.assistindirectingscienceinaproperway
B.contributetotheorientationoftechnology
C.discovertheprogressofscienceinhistory
D.findoutabouttheexistenceoftechnology
28.Becausethehumancapaitytoperformorabsorbeverythingthatispossiblehasbeenoutstripped,itis
timeforpeopleto____.
A.slowdownthedevelopmentoftechnology
B.reducetheroleofscienceinmoderntimes
C.takeanewpointofviewabouttechnology
D.reevaluatethelifestyleofhumanancestors
29.Accordingtothewrite,itiseveryone'sresponsibilitytoparticipateindecidingon____.
A.howfastscientificadvancementshouldbe
B.howfasttechnologicalprogressshouldbe
C.whattoacquireandwhattoskipinscience
D.whattodoandwhattoavoidintechnology
30.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.
A.theinfluenceoftechnologyonmodernsociety
B.theimportanceoflearningscientificprinciples
C.theimp;actofscientificprogressoncivilization
D.thedifferencebetweenscienceandtechnology
PassageThree
Sincewearesocialbeings,thequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonoutinterpesonal
relationships.Onestrengthofthehumanconditionisourtendencytogiveandreceivesupportfromone
amongpeople
oftheexchangeofresourcesanotherunderstressfulcircumstances.Socialsupportconsists
basedontheirinterpersonalties.Thoseofuswithstrongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletocopewith
majorlifechangesanddailyproblems.Pe