全国高等教育自学考试英语二试题.docx

全国高等教育自学考试英语二试题.docx

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全国高等教育自学考试英语二试题

10月自考英语

（二）试题

I．VocabularyandStructure

1.Ifyou____inignoringmyinstructions,Ishallhavetopunishyou.

A.exist

B.resiste

C.persist

D.insist

2．Economics,studentneedsandournewunderstandingsofhowpeoplelearnare____tobreakthe

traditionaleducationmonopoly.

A.tempted

B.bound

C.obliged

D.determined

3.Ishallcometothemeeting.Ican'tstaytilltheend,_____.

A.though

B.somehow

C.therefore

D.otherwise

4.Theysaidhewas_____ofholdingpublicoffice,sotheydecidedtodeprivehimofhispost.

A.irrelevant

B.irresponsible

C.incapable

D.indifferent

5.Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomestics_____muchmediaattention.

A.received

B.perceived

C.inspected

D.suspected

6.Themassescannot____hunting,forverysoontherewouldbenoanimalslefttohunt.

A.gothrough

B.goinfor

C.goover

D.gointo

7.Notuntilquitedrecently_____thatlanguagewascloselyrelatedtoculture.

A.Irealized

B.didrealizeI

C.realizedI

D.didIrealize

8.Robotsareprogrammedtotakeoversuchjobs_____weldingandpainting.

A.for

B.like

C.of

D.as

10.Lotsofdependentbabiesare______ofaliabilitythannumbersoftheinactiveaged.

A.better

B.more

C.larger

D.greater

II.ClozeTest

Choiseistheopportunitytoselectamongalternatives.Ifthereisnochoise,thereisnodecisiontobemade.

Decision__11__istheprocessofchoosing,andmanydecisionshaveabroadrangeofchlise.Forexample,a

student__12__beabletochooseamonganumberofdifferentcoursesinordertoimplementthedecisionto

obtainacollegedegree.Formanager,everydecisionhasconstraintsbasedonpolicies,procedures,laws,

precedents,andthe__13__.Theseconstraintsexist__14__alllevelsoftheorganization.

Alternativesarethepossiblecousesofaction__15__choicescanbemade.Iftherearenoalternatives,there

isnochoiceand,therefore,__16__decision.__17__noalternativesareseen,oftenitmeansthatathorough

jobofexaminingtheproblemshasnotbeendone.Forexample,managerssometimes__18__problemsinan

either/orfashion;thisistheirwayofsimplifyingcomplexproblems.Butthetendencyto__19__blindsthem

tootheralternatives.

Atthemanageriallevel,decisionmakingincludeslimitingalternativesaswellasidentifyingthem,andthe

rangeisfromhighlylimited__20__practicallyunlimited.

11.A.madeB.makingC.makeD.tomake

D.shouldA.mustB.can

C.may12.

D.like13.A.similarB.sameC.soon

B.for

A.at

D.overC.on

14.

15.A.amongwhatB.betweenthemD.fromwhichC.ofthat

C.no

A.somewhatD.anyB.some16.

C.While17.A.As

D.ThoughB.If

C.face18.A.treatB.meetD.deal

B.simplify19.D.modifyC.identifyA.satisfy

B.in

D.after

20.A.beforeC.to

PassageOne

Inrecentyearsmanycompaniesoftheworldhavebeenfacedwiththeproblemofhowtomaketheir

workersmoreproductive.Someexpertsclaimtheansweristomakejobsmorevaried.Butdomorevaried

jobsleadtogreaterproductivity?

Thereisevidencetosuggestthatwhilevarietycertainlymakesthe

worker'slifemoreenjoyable,itdoesnotactuallymakehimworkharder.Asfarasincreasingproductivityis

concerned,varietyisnotanimportantfactor.

Otherexpertsfeelthatgivingtheworkerfreedomtodohisjobinhisownwayisimportantandthereisno

doubtthatthisistrue.Theproblemisthatthiskindoffreedomcannoteasilybegiveninthemodernfactory

withitscomplicatedmachineswhichmustbeusedinafixedway.Thuswhilefreedomofchoicemaybe

important,thereisusuallyverylittlethatcanbedonetocreateit.Anotherimportantconsiderationishow

mucheachworkercontributestotheproductheismaking.Inmostfactoriestheworkerseesonlyonesmall

partoftheproduct.Somecarfactoriesarenowexperimentingwithhavingmanysmallproductionlines

ratherthanonelargeone,sothateachworkercontributesmoretotheproductionofthecarsonhisline.It

wouldseemthatnotonlyisthedegreeofworkers'contributionanimportantfactor,therefore,butitisalso

onewecandosomethingabout.

Towhatextentdoesmoremoneyleadtogreaterproductivity?

Theworkersthemselvescertainlythinkthisis

important.Butperhapstheywantmoremoneyonlybecausetheworktheydoissoboring.Moneyjustlets

themenjoytheirsparetimemore.Asimilarargumentmayexplaindemandsforshorterworkinghours.

Perhapsifwesucceedinmakingtheirjobsmoreinteresting,theywillneitherwantmoremoney,norwill

shorterwirkinghoursbesoimportanttothem.

21.Thepassageismainlyabouthowto____.

A.promoteworkers'competition

B.meetworker'sneedforvariety

C.ensureworkers'rightofchoice

D.improveworkers'performance

22.Accordingtothewriter,varietyenablesaworkerto_____.

A.derivemoreenjoymentfromlife

B.workinhisownwaymorefreely

C.fulfillhisjobrequirementsbetter

D.undertakegreaterresponsibilities

23.Welearnfromthepassagethatfreedomofchoice_____.

A.canhardlyfunctioninaflexiblemanner

B.canhardlyleadtoincreasedproductivity

C.ishardlyseenaseffectivebycompanies

D.ishardlyavailableinthemodernfactory

24.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,comparedwithlargeproductionlines,smalleronesgiveworkers

____.

A.agreatervarietyofinterestingtasks

B.astrongersenseofaccomplishment

C.abetterideaofthemodernindustry

D.aclearerpictureofessentialfactors

25.Accordingtothewriter,higherpaycan_____.

A.maketiringworkmoreinteresting

B.makeupforlongerworkinghours

C.helpworkerstolivemorehappily

D.helptocreategreaterprocuctivity

PassageTwo

Weliveinatechnologicalsociety.Almosteveryaspectoflifeinthemodernworldisinfluenced（forbetter

orworse）bytechnology.Communications,transportation,manufacturing,miningandexploration,the

serviceindustries,medicine,agricultureallaredominatedbymethodsandapparatuswhicharetheresultsof

technologicaladvances.Thebasisoftechnologyisscience.withoutthefundamentaldiscoveriesand

understandingprovidedbyscience,technologywouldbehit-or-miss（随意的）affair,lackingdirectionand

makinglittleprogress.Onecanarguethatoursocietyisbeginningtosufferfromtoomuchtechnology,but

wewillneverreturntotheprimitivelifeofourancestors–technologyiswithusanditwillremainwithus.

Justasitisimportanttostudyhistorysothatwecanappreciatehowtheworldcametoitspresentstate,itis

importanttolearnsomeofthebasicconceptsofsciencesothatwecanappreciatetherolethattechnology

playsinmodernsociety.Forwithoutsomeknowledgeofthescientificprinciplesbywhichtechnology

operates,onecanneightercopewithtechnologynorassistindirectingitintotheproperchannels.

Inrecenttimes,wehavehadthegeneralattitudethatwhateveristechnologicallypossibleshouldbedone.It

isnowbecomingincreasinglyapparentthatourscientificandtechnologicalprogresshasoutstripped（超越）

ourcapacitytoperformorabsorbeverythingthatispossible.Moreandmore,weweillhavedecisionsto

make:

inwhatdirectionsshouldthethrustofournewdiscoveriesbemade?

Thesituationrequiresthatwe

makeintelligentdecisions–decisionsbasedinaknowledgeandanunderstandingofwhatcanbedone,what

willbethebenefits,andwhatweillbethecomsequences.Scientistsdonotmakethesedecisions;people

makethem.Itisthereforeincumbent（义不容辞的）oneveryindividualtoacquirethebasicknowledgethat

weillpermithimtoparticipateintelligentlyindirectingthecourseofourtechnologicaladvancement.

26.Accordingtothepassage,technologycan____.

A.producebadeffectsonsociety

B.sufferfromhit-or-missaffairs

C.influencethecourseofscience

D.restorelifeoftheprimitiveage

27.Accordingtothepassage,onemustlearnbasicconceptsofscienceinorderto____.

A.assistindirectingscienceinaproperway

B.contributetotheorientationoftechnology

C.discovertheprogressofscienceinhistory

D.findoutabouttheexistenceoftechnology

28.Becausethehumancapaitytoperformorabsorbeverythingthatispossiblehasbeenoutstripped,itis

timeforpeopleto____.

A.slowdownthedevelopmentoftechnology

B.reducetheroleofscienceinmoderntimes

C.takeanewpointofviewabouttechnology

D.reevaluatethelifestyleofhumanancestors

29.Accordingtothewrite,itiseveryone'sresponsibilitytoparticipateindecidingon____.

A.howfastscientificadvancementshouldbe

B.howfasttechnologicalprogressshouldbe

C.whattoacquireandwhattoskipinscience

D.whattodoandwhattoavoidintechnology

30.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.

A.theinfluenceoftechnologyonmodernsociety

B.theimportanceoflearningscientificprinciples

C.theimp;actofscientificprogressoncivilization

D.thedifferencebetweenscienceandtechnology

PassageThree

Sincewearesocialbeings,thequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonoutinterpesonal

relationships.Onestrengthofthehumanconditionisourtendencytogiveandreceivesupportfromone

amongpeople

oftheexchangeofresourcesanotherunderstressfulcircumstances.Socialsupportconsists

basedontheirinterpersonalties.Thoseofuswithstrongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletocopewith

majorlifechangesanddailyproblems.Pe