精品智能家居技术外文翻译.docx
《精品智能家居技术外文翻译.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《精品智能家居技术外文翻译.docx(14页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
精品智能家居技术外文翻译
智能家居技术外文翻译
外文翻译原文及译文
学院
计算机学院
专业
计算机科学与技术
班级
学号
姓名
指导教师
负责教师
2012年6月
SmartHomeTechnology
Linkyourhome'slighting,entertainmentandsecuritysystemswithnewautomatedhometechnology.
Smarthomeisexpectedtooffervariousintelligentservicesbyrecognizingresidentsalongwiththeirlifestyleandfeelings.Oneofthekeyissuesforrealizingthesmarthomeishowtodetectthelocationsofresidents.Currently,theresearcheffortisfocusedontwoapproaches:
terminal-basedandnon-terminal-basedmethods.Theterminal-basedmethodemploysatypeofdevicethatshouldbecarriedbytheresidentwhilethenon-terminal-basedmethodrequiresnosuchdevice.
Thereisagrowinginterestinsmarthomeasawaytoofferaconvenient,comfortable,andsaferesidentialenvironment.Ingeneral,thesmarthomeaimstoofferappropriateintelligentservicestoactivelyassistintheresident’slifesuchashousework,amusement,rest,andsleep.Hence,inordertoenhancetheresident’sconvenienceandsafety,devicessuchashomeappliances,multimediaappliances,andinternetappliancesshouldbeconnectedviaahomenetworksystem,asshowninFig.1,andtheyshouldbecontrolledormonitoredremotelyusingatelevision(TV)orpersonaldigitalassistant(PDA).
Especially,attentionhasbeenfocusedonlocation-basedservicesasawaytoofferhigh-qualityintelligentservices,whileconsideringhumanfactorssuchaspatternofliving,health,andfeelingsofaresident.Thatis,ifthesmarthomecanrecognizetheresident’spatternoflivingorhealth,thenhomeappliancesshouldbeabletoanticipatetheresident’sneedsandofferappropriateintelligentservicemoreactively.Forexample,inapassiveserviceenvironment,theresidentcontrolstheoperationoftheHVAC(heating,ventilating,andairconditioning)system,whilethesmarthomewouldcontrolthetemperatureandhumidityofaroomaccordingtotheresident’scondition.Variousindoorlocation-awaresystemshavebeendevelopedtorecognizetheresident’slocationinthesmarthomeorsmartoffice.Ingeneral,indoorlocation-awaresystemshavebeenclassifiedintothreetypesaccordingtothemeasurementtechnology:
triangulation,sceneanalysis,andproximitymethods[8].Thetriangulationmethodusesmultipledistancesfrommultipleknownpoints.ExamplesincludeActiveBadges,ActiveBats,andEasyLiving,whichuseinfraredsensors,ultrasonicsensors,andvisionsensors,respectively.Thesceneanalysismethodexaminesaviewfromaparticularvantagepoint.RepresentativeexamplesofthesceneanalysismethodareMotionStar,whichusesaDCmagnetictracker,andRADAR,whichusesIEEE802.11wirelesslocalareanetwork(LAN).Finally,theproximitymethodmeasuresnearnesstoaknownsetofpoints.AnexampleoftheproximitymethodisSmartFloor,whichusespressuresensors.
Alternatively,indoorlocation-awaresystemscanbeclassifiedaccordingtotheneedforaterminalthatshouldbecarriedbytheresident.Terminal-basedmethods,suchasActiveBats,donotrecognizetheresident’slocationdirectly,butperceivethelocationofadevicecarriedbytheresident,suchasaninfraredtransceiverorradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)tag.Therefore,itisimpossibletorecognizetheresident’slocationifheorsheisnotcarryingthedevice.Incontrast,non-terminalmethodssuchasEasyLivingandSmartFloorcanfindtheresident’slocationwithoutsuchdevices.However,EasyLivingcanberegardedtoinvadetheresident’sprivacywhiletheSmartFloorhasdifficultywithextendibilityandmaintenance.
Homeautomationhascomealongwayfromthemanualtimerhookeduptothelivingroomlight.Today's"smart"homeautomaticallyregulatesheat,airandlight,distributesaudioandvideoaroundthehouse,controlsaccesstoyourhomeandcanevenremindyoutoexercise!
Newtechnologiesandproductadvanceshavemadehometechnologysystemsmoreaffordablethaneverandhavebroughthomesystemsintegrationintothemainstream.Accordingtoastudydonein2004bytheNationalAssociationofHomeBuildersResearchCenterandtheConsumerElectronicsAssociation,nearlyhalfofallnewhomesbeingbuiltintheU.S.arenowusingstructuredcopper"smart"wiringtoenabletheinstallationofnewhometechnologysystems.
HowitWorks
Therearefourmaintypesofnetworksyoucaninstallinyourhometosupporttheavailablenewtechnology.Eachhasitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesdependingonwhetheryouarewiringanewhomeorupgradinganexistinghome.
∙Structuredwiringinvolvesrunningspecializedhighperformancecablingthroughoutyourhome.Itprovidesahighlyreliableandsecurenetworkthatdistributesdatasignalsforphones,computers,TVsandaudiocomponents.It'sidealfornewconstructionbutnotalwayseasytoinstallinanexistinghome.Also,networkingislimitedtothereachofcables,jacksandplugs.
∙Wirelessnetworksprovidetheadvantagesofflexibilityandmobilityandvirtuallyeliminatethewiringdilemmasoftenfacedbyexistinghomeowners.However,wirelessnetworkstendtobelessreliableandsubjecttointerferencefromotherdevicessuchasbabymonitorsandcordlessphones.
∙Power-linenetworksuseahome'sexistingelectricallinestotransmitdata.Theyarerelativelyeasytosetupandoperatebutcarrytheriskofpowersurges,andanunencryptedhouseholdnetworkmaybeaccessibletoneighborssharingthesametransformer.
∙Phone-linenetworksuseahome'stelephonelinestocarrymultipleservices.Typically,eachserviceisassignedauniquefrequencyspectrumsotheydon'tinterferewithoneanother.Smarthometechnologymayalsoenableyoutodialinviaaphonelinetocontrolspecifichomeoperatingsystemsand/orbepre-settodialouttoamonitoringserviceinthecaseofafireorbreak-in.
Whilethepossibilitiesforhomeautomationareonlylimitedbyyourimagination,thechoicesfacingtheaveragehomeownermayseemdaunting.Thegoodnewsisthatyoudonotneedtobecomeatechnologicalexpertinordertoenhanceyourhome'scapabilities.Ahometechnologyintegratorcandesign,implement,andtietogetheryourhome'svariouselectronicsystems.Theseinclude:
Entertainment:
Youmayhavebeenimpressedbyafriend'shometheatresetuponenight,whentheypoppedamovieintheirDVDplayerandgaveyouthelargescreen,surroundsoundexperience.Butwhynottakethisexperiencefurther?
Usingfairlysimpleautomationtechnology,youcouldpusha"movie"buttononatouchpadinyourfamilyroom.Thelightswoulddim,theblindswouldclose,thepopcornmakerwouldspringintoaction,thefridgewouldcheckforadequateicelevelsforyoursoda,andyourcallswouldbeautomaticallyforwardedstraighttoyouransweringservice.Withalittlecreativityandplanning,alltheseeventscanbeachievedusingahomenetwork.
Itwouldbeequallysimple,usingmotionsensorsandyourstereosystem,toplaymusiceverytimeyouenteraroominyourhome--somethingupbeat,perhaps,forthehomegym,maybeclassicalmusicforyourstudy--thepossibilitiesareendless.Oryoucouldsitinyourlivingroomandselectthemusicyouwanttolistentoviaon-screenmenusthataredisplayedonyourTV.
Youcouldevenmonitoryourchildren'stelevisionandvideo-gamehabits,whenyou'renotathomebyprogrammingthenetworktoalertyourcellphoneifyourchildrenwatchtoomuchtelevisionorinappropriateprogramming.OryoucansimplyprogramtheTVorgamingconsoletoshutoffafteracertainamountoftime.
Security:
Usingsmarthomeautomationtechnology,youcanprogramyourlightstosimulatenormalin-homeactivitywhenyou'reaway.Forexample,sometimearoundyourregularbedtime,yourbedroomlightsandTVwillturnonwhiletherestofthehousewillbedarkened.Andthislightingroutinecanbesetuptochangeontheweekend.
Toprotectagainstbreak-ins,youcanpositionwebcamsathomeentrancesandinstallanalarmsystemthatusesheatandmotionsensorstoalertyouandaremotesecuritycompanyinthecaseofanintruder.
Inthecaseoffire,yoursmokedetectorcanbewiredtosoundnotjustanalarmbutalsotosendasignaltoyourair-conditioningsystemfanstoshutdown,alertyouandspecifiedcontactsandilluminateanevacuationroutethroughoutthehouse.
Energy:
Energysavingscanberealizedbyautomatingthermostats,lightsandotherenvironmentalsystemssuchasgardensprinklersandfountains.Integratingalloftheseintooneenvironmentalsystemcanhelpensureaminimumwasteofenergyinyourhome.Forexample,onahot,sunnyday,weathersensorscanactivateblindanddraperycontrolstoshadeyourhome,andensurethatyourgardenreceivesadequateirrigationattherighttimeofday.Motionandoccupancysensorscanactivateheatandlightingcontrolsasyouenterandexitrooms.
Today’snewsmartIRsensorsrepresentaunionoftworapidlyevolvingsciencesthatcombineIRtemperaturemeasurementwithhigh-speeddigitaltechnologiesusuallyassociatedwiththecomputer.Theseinstrumentsarecalledsmartsensorsbecausetheyincorporatemicroprocessorsprogrammedtoactastransceiversforbidirectional,serialcommunicationsbetweensensorsonthemanufacturingfloorandcomputersinthecontrolroom(seePhoto1).Andbecausethecircuitryissmaller,thesensorsaresmaller,simplifyinginstallationintightorawkwardareas.Integratingsmartsensorsintoneworexistingprocesscontrolsystemsoffersanimmediateadvantagetoprocesscontrolengineersintermsofprovidinganewlevelofsophisticationintemperaturemonitoringandcontrol.
Whenyouleaveforworkinthemorning,yourhousecould"check"forandturnoffun