无功补偿外文翻译.docx

无功补偿外文翻译.docx

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无功补偿外文翻译

毕业论文

外文翻译

题目：

工业企业无功补偿与节能

Industrialenterprisesofreactivepowercompensation

From:

PowerSystemAnalysisandDesign

Abstract

Theimprovementofindustrialenterprisesistoimprovethepowerfactorofelectricpowerefficiency，animportantmeansofsavingenergy.Inthispaper，theoreticalanalysisandapplicationexamplesoftheindustrialenterprises，thesignificanceofreactivepowercompensationandtheroleandviewofthecurrentpowersystem，industrialenterprises，theproblemsfortheproposedimprovementsandmeasures.

Introduction

Inindustrialenterprises，thevastmajorityofelectricalequipmentbelongstoperceptualload，thesedevicesinoperationtoabsorbalargenumberofreactivepower.Anincreaseinreactivepowersupplysystempowerfactortolowersystemvoltagedroptooccur，electricalequipmentnotfullyutilized，increasinglinelossesandlower-poweredequipment，powersupplycapacityandsoon.InsitureactivepowercompensationandthusimprovethepowerfactoroftheEnergyConservationhasextremelyimportantsignificance.

Thechoiceofmethodofcompensation

Compensationforreactivepowercompensationisdividedintocentralizedanddecentralizedcompensationforthreekindsofcompensationandinsitu.Focusoncompensation，thatis，highandlowvoltagepowerdistributionsetupbyseveralgroupswithinthecapacitor，capacitorconnectedtothepowerdistributionbus，thecompensationforthedistributionofpowerwithinthereactivepower，andtoreachtherequiredvalueofthetotalpowerfactorabove.Thismethodofcompensationcancompensateforhighandlowvoltagebusroutespriortothereactivepower，whichisequivalenttothereactivepowersourcetomovetheelectricitydistributioncompanies，allowinguserstopowerthesystemrequirementsforreactivepowerhasbeenreductionintheelectricitysectortoachievetherequiredpowerfactor.Andtheirdistributionwithintheenterprisebusfollowingthelineoftransformerandreactivepowercompensationcannotplayarole，thereisstillalargenumberofreactivepowerlineflowswithintheenterpriseandgeneratelosses.Dispersioncompensationisthecapacitorswereinstalledatvariousworkshopsattheswitchboard，whichwillenableinstallationofdistributiontransformerandthesubstationtotheplantlinescanbeduetoadecreaseinreactiveloadcompensationeffect.Localcompensationisthereactivepowercompensationdevicedirectlyconnectedtotheinductionmotorterminalsonthesideorintotheline.Focusoncompensationmethodsusedinthecapacityofcapacitorcompensationorin-placethanthegroupingofcompensationshouldbesmall，itsutilizationrateisevenhigherdisadvantageisthechangeindistributionhasnotbeencompensatedbythefeeders，onlylightenedtheloadreactivepowergrid.Dispersioncompensationinthewaytheutilizationofcapacitorcompensationthantheinsituhigh，sothetotalrequirementofcompensationissmallerthanthespotisaneconomicalandreasonableremedy.Reactivepowercompensationshouldfollowthe"overallplanning，rationaldistribution，classificationofcompensation，in-placebalance;focusoncompensationanddispersioncompensationcombinetospread-basedcompensation;highcompensationandlowvoltagecompensationcombinedwithlow-pressure-basedcompensation;Regulatorcombinedwithlowerlosses，downarethemainloss"principle[1].

Compensationcapacitytodetermine

Inthepowergridinthereactivepowerconsumptionisabig，about50%ofthereactivepowerconsumedintransmission，transformationandthedevice，50%oftheconsumedelectricityusers.Inordertoreducereactivepowerconsumption，itisnecessarytoreducethereactivepowerinthegridwhereflow.Thebestwaytostartfromtheusertoincreasereactivepowercompensation，improveuserloadpowerfactor，sothat

Generatorreactivepowercanbereducedandthereductionoftransmission，transformationanddistributionequipmentinthereactivepowerconsumption，soastoachievethepurposeofreducingwearandtear[2].CompensationforreactivepowercapacityofQcfor

Loadchangescanbedecidedaccordingtothestaticordynamiccompensationmode.Whentheloadchangeisrelativelystable，weshouldusethestaticmethodofcompensation，whichcannotonlyreducethelinelosses，andinvestment;whentheloadchangeislarge，dynamiccompensationmethodshouldbeused，stablevoltage[3].

Reducelinelosses

Islocatedataratedvoltage，activepowerisconstant，duetopowerfactorchanges，thelinelossrateofchangeΔP%forthe

AscanbeseenfromTable1toimprovethepowerfactorinloweringpowerconsumption，improvingeconomicefficiencyplaysanimportantrole.

Table1Powerfactorandpowerlosspercentageofthecorrespondingdata

Ifaconstantactivepowercondition，theoriginalpowerfactorcosφ1of0.59，compensatedpowerfactorcosφ2of0.98，itslinelossratereductionΔΡ%to64%.Dynamiccompensationdevice，

Grouptotrackthepowercapacitorcompensation，powerfactorcanbedifferentfromthestabilityprovidedinthecontextofthepowerfactortoachieveadequatecompensationpurposes.

Lines，transformercapacityincrease

Lines，transformercapacityincreasedΔSforthe

 Additionalcompensationdevice，mayimprovethepowerfactor，powerfactoronthebusinessofdirecteconomicbenefitisobvious.Becausethestateelectricitysystem，startingfromtherationaluseofenergy，accordingtothepowercompanytoadjustthepriceduetohighandlowvalues.Thecompensationdeviceforenterpriseandtheentirepowersystemeconomicoperationallhavesignificanteconomiceffects.

Toimprovethevoltagequality

Toimprovethevoltagequalityisthedynamicreactivepowercompensationequipmentinstalledaroundtheroleofplaceinthelinevoltagecompensationhasincreasedslightly.

 Wheretgφ1-compensationdeviceisnotinstalledbeforetheφ1angletangent;

tgφ2-compensationequipmentinstalledaftertheφ2angletangent;R，x---lineresistance，reactance.

Industrialenterprisesforthepowersystemproblemsandsolution

Fig1foradiagramofpowersupplysystemsforheavymachinetoolplant.Atpresent，thetotalcapacityoftheplanttransformer17660kVA，atotalof20transformers（1#~20，#transformers），eachtransformercapacityrangeof50~1250kVA，changingtheratioof10kV/014kV.Transformerlowvoltagesideoftheloadismainlymotor，shownintheM1，M2Mnshown.Ingeneraltherateoftransformerloadisbasicallymaintainedat28%~29%，andthemaximumloadof7000kW.

Highandlowvoltagecompensationtoreplaceacombinationofhighconcentrationofcompensation

Fromthefigurewecanseetheplantsupplynetworkfocusedonhigh-voltagepowerfactorcompensationiscompensationthatisonlyinthehigh-voltagebusbar10kVsubstationcapacitorbanksonthepick，whilethelowpressurehasnottakenanycompensationmeasures.Thefixedcapacitorcompensationmethodtherehavebeencompensationorduecompensation，andrightbelowthesecondpowersupplybuspowerfactorcompensationcircuitdoesnotwork.Asthelowpowerfactorcausedbythelinelossesandtransformerequipmentisabigloss，socompensationasfaraspossiblewhengrading，installationofcapacitorsneartheload.Thereforeproposedthatthehighsidetofocuscompensationanddispersioncompensationforlow-voltagesideofacombinationofmethodofcompensation.

Figure1

PowerSupplySystemofaHeavyMachineToolPlantdiagram

Tochangethepowersupplyasmuchaspossibletoavoidthe"bighorse-drawncart"phenomenon

Inmakingourselection，weshouldconsiderleavingacertainmargin，topreventheavydamagetoequipmentwhen，somostofthetimecausedbyequipment，andsevereunderrununderruntheformationofthe"bighorse-drawncart"Run.Astheplantloadfactorofthetransformerisbasically28%~29%，andshowsthetransformercapacityistoolarge，transformercapacitycannotbefullyutilized，notonlyawasteofinvestmentinequipmenthasincreasedthepowerloss.Rationalchoicebythetransformercapacityandelectricalequipmenttoreduceorlimitthelight-loadornoloadtimetopreventthe"bighorse-drawncart"phenomenon.

Toavoidtheno-loadoperationofequipment

Atpresent，theplantisrunningaseriousloadofsomeequipment.Improvingthepowerfactor，thefirstconsiderationshouldbegivenareasonableruntheequipmenttoimprovepowerfactorofpowerthedeviceitself.TheplantmainloadisACmotor，itspowerfactorloadwithitchange，motoridling，thepowerfactorofabout0.1~0.3betweentheratedloadat0.8~0.85betweenthemotorandthusshouldbemadeneartheratedloadstaterun.Weshouldimprovethemotorpowerfactor，thesimplestwayistousecapacitorsandelectricmotorsinparallel，sotoavoidtheno-loadoperationdeviceistoimprovethepowerfactorequipment，animportantway.

EconomicBenefitAnalysis

Tothefactorypowersupplysystemintwo#transformers，forexample，installationofcapacitorsinthelowvoltageside，sothathigh-pressuresideoftheplanttofocusoncompensationanddispersioncompensationcombinationoflow-voltagesideofacompensationformula，showninFigure2.Graph2#transformercapacityof800kVA，modelS9-800/10，ratedcopperlossforthe715kW，transmissionlinemodelYJV22.Getpriceof0.55yuan/kWh.Thepowerfactorbythecompensationpriorto0.59tocompensateforpost-0.98，Table2istheuseofmeasuringinstrumentsmeasuredinthefieldoftransformersecondarysiderun-timedataareanalyzedbycalculatingthelossofreactivepowercompensationreducedenergyefficiency.

Figure2f