927非谓语动词无答案资料.docx
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927非谓语动词无答案资料
非谓语动词
什么是“非谓语动词”?
非:
不是
非谓语动词:
不是谓语的动词
即:
这个动词不做谓语
为什么:
因为一句话中有且只有一个谓语,
那出现的第二个动词在没有连词的情况下就
不再是谓语了,所以就叫“非谓语动词”啦!
用法
done:
表被动
Eg:
WehaveateachercalledJames.
Wehaveateacher(whoiscalledJames.)
注意:
done和bedone表示被动的区别是什么?
done是非谓语动词:
没有自己独立的主语,只是被动关系;
而bedone是谓语动词:
有自己独立的主语。
ontime,thismedicinewillbequiteeffective.
A.TakingB.Beingtaken
C.TakenD.Havingtaken
time,hewillmakeafirst–class
tennisplayer.
A.HavinggivenB.Togive
C.GivingD.Given
someofficials,Napoleon
inspectedhisarmy.
A.Followed
B.Followedby
C.Beingfollowed
D.Havingbeenfollowedby
thecitylooksbeautiful.
A.Seeingfromthehill
B.Seenfromthehill
C.Toseefromthehill
D.Tobeseenfromthehill
nottomisstheflightat15:
20,
themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.
A.Reminding
B.Reminded
C.Toremind
D.Havingreminded
doing:
表主动
Eg:
Culturecameintotheclassroom,andsmiledtous.
Culturecameintotheclassroom,smilingtous.
Culturecameintotheclassroom,(whoissmiling
tous.)
Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,
meafullbasketoffreshfruits.
A.broughtB.bringing
C.tobringD.hadbrought
theclassroom,thestudentswentto
theplaygroundtowatchthefootballmatch.
A.TocleanB.Havingcleaned
C.CleanedD.Cleaning
inthequeueforhalfanhour,the
oldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthe
walletinthecar.
A.WaitingB.Towait
C.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited
todo:
表目的(V1+to+V2)
Eg:
Theteacherwilldowhathecanus.(help)
Theteacherwilldo(whathecan)tohelpus.
译法:
一个“去”
译为:
老师将会做他能的做的一切去帮助我们。
Ifthereisalotofwork,I’mhappy
tojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.
A.todoB.tobedoing
C.doneD.doing
译为:
如果有大量的工作要去做------
注意:
todo前面没有“逗号”
Thatistheonlywaywecanimaginethe
overuseofwaterinstudents’bathroom.
A.reducingB.toreduce
C.reducedD.reduce
译为:
这是我们能想到的唯一方法去减少用水------
注意:
todo前面没有“逗号”
Lotsofrescueworkerswereworking
aroundtheclock,suppliesto
Yushuaftertheearthquakes.
A.sendingB.tosend
C.havingsentD.tohavesent
注意:
todo前面没有“逗号”
theprojectintime,thestaffwere
workingatweekends.
A.CompetingB.Havingcompleted
C.TohavecompletedD.Tocomplete
译为:
员工们周末加班为了去及时完成项目。
Sheisthefirstpersontheidea.
A.thinkofB.thinkingof
C.tothinkofD.thoughtof
译为:
她是第一个去想到这个点子的人。
注意:
thefirst后只能用todo
Hisfirstbooknextmonth
isbasedonatruestory.
publishedB.tobepublished
C.topublishedD.beingpublished
注意:
thefirst后只能用todo.
Theplaynextmonth
aimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.
producedB.beingproduced
C.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced
注意:
todo表将来
adj.表状态
face(vt.)==befacedwith(adj.)
lose(vt.)==belostin(adj.)
dress(vt.)==bedressedin(adj.)
withadifficultsituation,Andy
decidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.
A.TofaceB.Havingfaced
C.FacedD.Facing
inawhiteuniform,helooks
morelikeacookthanadoctor.
A.DressedB.Todress
C.DressingD.Havingdressed
intheforest,hehadtoask
forhelpbysendingoutsignals.
A.HavinglostB.Losing
C.LostD.Tolose
Sitdown.(v.)
Haveaseat.(n.)
Beseated.(adj.)
Canthoseatthebackof
theclassroomhearme?
A.seatB.sit
C.seatedD.sat
真题
33.Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,_____onyourfeet.
A.tokeepB.keeping
C.havingkeptD.tohavekept
21.atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.
A.LookingB.Look
C.TolookD.Looked
25.I'mcallingtoenquireaboutthepositioninyesterday'sChinaDaily.
A.advertisedB.tobeadvertised
C.advertisingD.havingadvertised
24.Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit___onhisownfarm.
A.grownB.beinggrown
C.tobegrownD.togrow
34.___twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechangedourdog.
A.BeingbittenB.Bitten
C.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten
28.Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation___informationina
moreeffectiveway.
A.presentingB.presented
C.beingpresentedD.topresent
24.___thatshewasgoingofftosleep,Iaskedifshe’dlikethatlittledoll
onherbed.
A.SeeingB.Tosee
C.SeeD.Seen
35.Itisworthconsideringwhatmakesconveniencefoodssopopular,
and____betteronesofyourown.
A.introducesB.tointroduce
C.introducingD.introduced
31.–Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?
–Yes.But___it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.
A.tofindB.find
C.tofindingD.finding
32.Ifeelgreatlyhonored___intotheirsociety.
A.towelcomeB.welcoming
C.tobewelcomedD.welcomed
28.---Excusemesir,whereisRoom301?
---Justaminute.I’llhaveBobyoutoyourroom.
A.showB.shows
C.toshowD.showing
29.HeisastudentatOxfordUniversity,____foradegreeincomputerscience.
A.studiedB.studying
C.tohavestudiedD.tobestudying
28.Therehavebeenseveralnew
eventstotheprogramfor
the2008BeijingOlympicGames.
A.addB.toadd
C.addingD.added
35.Ican’tstandwithJane
inthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses
talkingwhilesheworks.
A.working;stopping
B.towork;stopping
C.working;tostop
D.towork;tostop
27.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudents
someoldmapsfromthelibrary.
A.toborrowB.tobeborrowed
C.borrowedD.borrowing
34.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,
Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank
presentsformydad.
A.buyB.tobuy
C.buyingD.tohavebought
16.Theyusecomputersto
keepthetraffic___smoothly.
A.beingrunB.run
C.torunD.running
30.Thechildrenallturnedthefamous
actressassheenteredtheclassroom.
A.lookedatB.tolookat
C.tolookingatD.lookat
35.Nowthatwe'vediscussedour
problem,arepeoplehappywith
thedecisions?
A.takingB.take
C.takenD.totake
12.Thedirectorhadherassistant
___somehotdogsforthemeeting.
A.pickedupB.picksup
C.pickupD.pickingup
25.--Thelastone___paysthemeal.--Agreed!
A.arrivedB.arrives
C.toarriveD.arriving
非谓语动词的形式变化
非谓语
形式
构成
时态
语态
复合结构
否定式
主动
被动
不定式
一般式
todo
tobedone
forsb.todosth.
或
ofsb.todosth.
在“to”前加not
或never(不定式的否定形式)
完成式
tohavedone
tohavebeendone
进行式
tobedoing
/
完成
进行式
tohavebeendoing
/
动名词
一般式
doing
beingdone
sb.或sb’sdoing
作主语要用
sb’sdoing
/
完成式
havingdone
havingbeendone
现在分词
与动名词变化形式相同
在前加not
非谓语语法功能的比较
做宾语的非谓语动词比较
情况
常用动词
只接不定式
做宾语的动词
hope,want,offer,long,fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen
只接动名词
做宾语的动词或短语
mind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,prevent,keep,dislike,avoid,risk,resist
feellike,succeedin,befondof,objectto,getdownto,beengagedin,insiston,thinkof,beproudof,takepridein,setabout,beafraidof,betiredof,lookforwardto,devoteoneselfto,beworth,bebusy,payattentionto,stickto
两者都可以
意义基本相同
begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue(接不定式多指具体的动作,接动名词多指一般或习惯行为)
need,want,require(主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,接动名词主动形式表示被动意义,若接不定式则应用被动形式)
意义相反
stoptodo停止手中所做的事,去做另一件事
stopdoing停止正在做的事
意义不同
remember/forget/regrettodo(指动作尚未发生)
remember/forget/regretdoing(指动作已经发生)
goontodo(接着做另外一件事)
goondoing(接着做同一件事)
trytodo(设法,努力去做,尽力)
trydoing(试试去做,看有何结果)
meantodo(打算做,企图做)
meandoing(意思是,意味着)
can’thelp(to)do(不能帮忙做)
can’thelpdoing(忍不住要做)
beconsideredtohavedone被认为已经做了
consider…tobe认为是
considerdoing考虑做某事
做宾补的非谓语动词比较
分类
常见动词
与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念
例句
不定式
ask,beg,expect,get,order,tell,want,wish,encourage
主谓关系,强调动作将发生或已经完成
Iaskedtobesenttothecountryside.
Iheardhimcallmeseveraltimes.
have,notice,see,watch,hear,feel,let,make
现在分词
notice,see,watch,hear,find,keep,have,feel
主谓关系,强调动作正在进行,尚未完成
Ifoundherlisteningtotheradio.
过去分词
动宾关系,动作已经完成,多强调状态
Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.
做定语的非谓语动词比较
分类
区别
例句
不定式
与被修饰词往往有动宾关系,一般式表示将来,进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生,完成式表示在谓语动词之前发生
Ihavealotofpaperstotype.
Ihavealotofpaperstobetyped.
Ihaven’tdecidedwhichhoteltostayat.(介词at不能丢)
现在分词
与被修饰词之间是主谓关系,表示动作与谓语动作同时发生
theboilingwater/theboiledwater
thedevelopingcountry/thedevelopedcountry
thefallingleaves/thefallenleaves
过去分词
与被修饰词之间是被动关系,表示动作发生在谓语动作之前,现已经完成或只表示状态
注意:
thebridgetobebuilt将建造的桥,thebridgebeingbuilt正在建造的桥,thebridgebuilt已经建好的桥
非谓语动词高考考点
【考点一】不定式作状语
不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句,不定式作状语时往往用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。
1.不定式用来作目的状语:
作目的状语时,不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语,这里往往译作“为了,想要”。
Tobeawinner,youneedtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.要想成为赢家,你要付出所有并竭尽全力。
2.不定式用于so...asto...,such...asto;enoughto;too...to;onlyto等结构中作结果状语。
(1)Wouldyoubesokindastolendmeyourbicycle?
你能不能行行好,借给我你的自行车?
(2)Heissuchafoolastothinkthathisstrangebehaviourcaninflectothers.他如此愚蠢以至于认为他奇怪的行为会影响他人。
(3)Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytohavebeentoldalltheticketshadbeensoldout.
他匆忙去了售票处,结果被告诉所有的票已经卖完了。
注意:
“only+todo”表示出乎意料的结果,tell和主语He之间存在动宾关系,因而应用不定式的被动结构。
而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。
(4)Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.
他的父母去世了,使他成为孤儿。
【经典考题】
1.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting________.
A.todiscover B.tobediscovered
C.discovered D.beingdiscovered
2.—Whyarethestudentsworkingsohardthesedays.
—________readyforthecomingentranceexamination.
A.Toget B.Get
C.Getting D.Got
3.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyout