演漏市慢寨学校高考英语 热门考点化专练 阅读理解八.docx
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演漏市慢寨学校高考英语热门考点化专练阅读理解八
漫滴州演漏市慢寨学校2013高考英语热门考点强化专练:
阅读理解(三十八)(含解析)
(一)
Doesadrinkadaykeepheartattacksaway?
Overthepast20years,numerousstudieshavefoundthatmoderatealcoholconsumption,say,oneortwobeers,glassesofwineorcocktailsdailyhelpstopreventcoronaryheartdisease.LastweekareportintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineaddedstrongnewevidenceinsuportofthattheory.Moreimportant,theworkprovidedthefirstsolidindictionofhowalcoholworkstoprotecttheheart.
Inthestudy,researchersfromBoston’sBrighamandWomen’sHospitalandHarvardMedicalSchoolcomparedthedrinkinghabitsof340menandwomenwhohadsufferedrecentheartattackwiththoseofhealthypeopleofthesameageandsex.Thescientistsfoundthatpeoplewhosiponetothreedrinksadayareabouthalfaslikelytosufferheartattacksasnondrinkersare.Theapparentsourceoftheprotection:
thosewhodrankalcoholhadhigherbloodlevelsofhighdensitylipoproteins,thesocalledgoodcholesterol,whichisknowntopreventheartdisease.
Asevidencehasmounted,somedoctorshavebegunrecommendingadailydrinkforpatientsofheartdiseases.Butmostphysiciansarenotreadytoreommendaregularhappyhourforeveryone.Therisksofteetotalling(绝对戒酒)arenothingcomparedwiththedangersoftoomuchalcohol,includinghighbloodpressure,strokesandlivertroubles—nottomentionviolentbehaviourandtrafficaccidents.Moreover,somestudiessuggestthatevenmoderatedrinkingmayincreasetheincidenceofbreastandcoloncancer.Untilthereisevidencethatthebenefitsofadailydoseofalcoholoutweightherisks,mostpeoplewon’tbeabletotakeadoctor’sprescriptiontotheneighbourhoodbarorliquorstore.
1.Themedicalarticlequotedinthefirstparagraphindicates.
A.thewayinwhichalcoholcanhelptheheart
B.howacoupleofcocktailsdailycanstopheartproblems
C.whyalcoholicdrinksaredangeroustoone’shealth
D.thatreportsontheadvantagesofalcoholweremisled
2.Experimentsshowedthatnondrinkershad.
A.largeramountsofgoodcholesterol
B.smalleramountsofgoodcholesterol
C.higherbloodpressure
D.lowerbloodpressure
3.Accordingtothepassage,moderatedrinking.
A.isrecommendedbymostdoctorsforheartpatients
B.shouldbeallowedonprescription
C.isstillnotmedicallyadvisable
D.isnotrelatedtoliverproblems
4.Themainthemeofthispassageis.
A.thechangeinrecentdrinkinghabits
B.theconnectionbetweencancerandalcohol
C.whethermoderatedrinkersoutlivenondrinkers
D.whetheralcoholmaybegoodforone’shealth
(二)
Acrosstheglobe,singleparenthomesareontherise.IntheUS,the2000census(人口普查)showed24.8million,ornearly24percentofthenation’s105.5millionhouseholds,weretraditionaltwo-parenthomes.Bycomparison,9.8millionhouseholds,or9percentofallUShouseholdswereheadedbyanadultraisingachildalone.The1990censusshowed26percentofhomeswereledbyamarriedmotherandfather,and8percentofhomeswereledbyasingleparent.
Similarincreasesoccurredinothercountries.IntheUK,lone-parenthomesincreasedfrom3.3percentin1990to5.5percentin1999.SingleparenthouseholdsinAustraliarosefrom5.8percentin1990to7.6percentin1999.Belgiumsawtheincreasefrom1.8percentto2.7percentduringthesameperiodoftime.Thesecountriestendtohavegreateracceptanceofthesingleparentbecausetherearefewernearbyfamilymemberstodisapprove,Riche,aCensusBureaudirector,said.
JustasintheUS,thosechangesraisednewquestionsabouthowinvolvedgovenmentshouldbeinhelpingsingleparentfamilies.Someresearchsuggestschildrenraisedintwo-parentfamiliesarebetteroffthanthosewhodependonone.
“Thepositionofone-parentfamiliesinanycountryisverymuchagender(性别)issue-women’sopportunities,especiallyworking-classwomenonlowincome,”saidSueCohen,coordinator(协调员)oftheSingleActionParentsNetworkinEngland.
5.Notconsideringtheexactnumberofthesingle-parentfamilies,whichcountrysawthefastestriseratein1999,comparedwith1990?
A.UK.B.Australia.C.America.D.Belgium.
6.Whatisthecauseoftheriseofsingleparentfamiliesacrosstheglobe?
A.Thenearbyfamilymembershaveafavourableopinion.
B.Aloneparentiswelloffenoughtosupporthis/herchildren.
C.Alotofproblemshavearisenintwo-parentfamilies.
D.Wecannotgetenoughprovinginformationfromthetext.
7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheincreaseofsingleparentfamiliesaccordingtothepassage?
A.Itwillsomewhatlimitthegrowingpopulationofyoungergeneration.
B.Governmentsshouldtakeactionsaboutthesocialproblemsbroughtaboutbyit.
C.Singleparentfamiliesarenotlookeddownuponinanycountrymentionedhere.
D.Generallyspeaking,thesingleparentsneedn’tworrysincetheyarehighlypaid.
8.WhichofthefollowingdiagramscorrectlyshowstheriseofsingleparentfamiliesintheUSfrom
1990to2000?
(三)
Insomeurbancenters,workaholismissocommonthatpeopledonotconsideritunusual:
Theyacceptthelifestyleasnormal.GovernmentworkersinWashingtonD.C,forexample,frequentlyworksixtytoseventyhoursaweek.Theydon’tdothisbecausetheyhaveto;theydoitbecausetheywantto.
Workaholismcanbeaseriousproblem.Becausetrueworkaholicswouldratherworkthandoanythingelse,theyprobablydon’tknowhowtorelax.
Isworkaholismalwaysdangerous?
Perhapsnot.Thereare,certainly,peoplewhoworkwellunderstress.Somestudiesshowthatmanyworkaholieshavegreatenergyandinterestinlife.Theirworkissopleasurablethattheyareactuallyveryhappy.Formostworkaholics,workandentertainmentkeepthembusyandcreative.
Whydoworkaholicsenjoytheirjobssomuch?
Thereareseveraladvantagestowork.Ofcourse,itprovidespeoplewithpaychecks,andthisisimportant.Butitoffersmorethanfinancialsecurity.Itprovidespeoplewithselfconfidence;theyhaveafeelingofsatisfactionwhenthey’reproducedachallengingpieceofworkandareabletosay,“Imadethat.”Psychologistsclaimthatworkgivespeopleanidentitythroughparticipationinwork,theygetasenseofselfandindividualism.Inaddition,mostjobsprovidepeoplewithasociallyacceptablewaytomeetothers.Perhapssomepeoplearecompulsiveabouttheirwork,buttheiraddictionseemstobeasafe-evenanadvantageous-one.
9.Thepassageindicatesthatworkaholics.
A.justknowworkbutnothingelse
B.arewillingtoworkhardforlonghourswithoutpay
C.findtheirworkprovidethemmoresatisfactionandselfconfidencethanhowmuchtheyarepaid
D.hastheworkwithmoreresponsibilitythanothers
10.Oneofthereasonsthatsomepeoplearenotwillingtoquittheirjobsevenintheireightiesandninetiesisthat
A.theyareintheneedoffinancialsecurity
B.theywouldratherworkthanbedisturbedbydomesticaffairs
C.theylongforasenseofidentityandbeingaccomplished
D.theymayhavehealthproblemsfromsheerboredom
11.Thispassageismainlyabout.
A.workaholicsareusuallysuccessfulpeople,buttheirlivesareinamess
B.workaholismcanleadtoseriousproblemsbutitcanalsocreateajoyfullife
C.peoplewhoareabsorbedintheirworkmayenjoymovies,sportsandotherkindsofentertainment
D.thosewhoworkevenunderdifficultconditionsmaybeveryhappy
12.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.
A.intheeyesofallthecommonpeopleworkaholicsarepeculiar
B.toworkaholics,workisthesolesourceofhappiness
C.apieceofchallengingworkmayprovidetheworkaholicsasenseofsatisfaction
D.workaholicsareasaddictedtotheirjobasotherpeoplearetodrugsoralcohol
(四)
Moresurprising,perhaps,thanthepresentdifficultiesoftraditionalmarriageisthefactthatmarriageitselfisaliveandthriving.AsSkolnicknotes,Americansareamarryingpeople:
relativetoEuropeans,moreofusmarryandwemarryatayoungerage.Moreover,afteradropintheearly1915s,therateofmarriageintheUnitedStatesisnowincreasing.Eventhedivorcerateneedstobetakeninthispromarriagecontext:
some30percentofdivorcedindividualsremarry.Thus,marriageremainsbyfarthepreferredwayoflifeforthevastmajorityofpeopleinoursociety.
Whathaschangedmorethanmarriageisthenuclearfamily.Twentyfiveyearsago,thetypicalAmericanfamilywasmadeupofahusband,awife,andtwoorthreechildren.Now,therearemanymarriagesinwhichcoupleshavedecidednottohaveanychildren.Andtherearemanymarriageswhereatleastsomeofthechildrenarefromthewife’sformermarriage,orthehusband’s,orboth.Sometimesthesechildrenspendalloftheirtimewithoneparentfromtheformermarriage;sometimestheyaresharedbetweenthetwoformerspouses(配偶).
Thus,onecanfindeverytypeoffamilyarrangement.Therearemarriageswithoutchildren;marriageswithchildrenfromonlythepersentmarriage;marriageswith“fulltime”childrenfromboththepresentandformermarriages;marriageswith“fulltime”childrenfromthepresentmarriageand“parttime”childrenfromformermarriages.Therearestepfathers,stepmothers,halfbrothers,andhalfsisters.Itisnotallthatunusualforachildtohavefourparentsandeightgrandparents!
Thesearegreatchangesfromthetraditionalnuclearfamily.Butevenso,eveninthemidstofallthis,thereremainsoneconstant:
MostAmericansspendmostoftheiradultlivesmarried.
13.BycallingAmericanmarryingpeopletheauthormeansthat.
A.AmericansaremoretraditionalthanEuropeans
B.AmericansexpectmoreoutofmarriagethanEuropeans
C.therearemoremarriedcouplesinU.S.A.thaninEurope
D.moreofAmericans,ascomparedwi