北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题+答案.docx
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北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题+答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
2012年11月03日
PartIReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Itseemslikeeverydaythere’ssomenewresearchaboutwhetherourfavoritedrinksaregoodforus.(76)Oneday,sciencesaysaglassofredwineadaywillhelpuslivelonger.Thenextday,maybenot.Itseemsjournalistsareprettyinterestedinwineresearchandthesamemightbesaidforcoffee.Now,there’sbeenalotofresearchintowhethercoffee’sgoodforourhealth.“Theresultshavereallybeenmixed,”admitsNealFreedmanwholedthecoffeestudyandpublishedhisfindingsinamedicaljournalrecently.“There’sbeensomeevidencethatcoffeemightincreasetheriskofcertaindiseasesandthere’salsobeenmaybemorerecentevidencethatcoffeemayprotectagainstotherdiseasesaswell.”
Freedmanandhiscolleaguesundertookthebiggeststudyyettolookattherelationshipbetweencoffeeandhealth.Theyanalyzeddatacollectedfrommorethan400,000Americansages50to71participatinginthestudy.“Wefoundthatthecoffeedrinkershadamodestlylowerriskofdeaththanthenon-drinkers,”hesaid.Here’swhathemeansby“modestly”:
thosewhodrankatleasttwoorthreecupsadaywereabout10percentor15percentlesslikelytodieforanyreasonduringthe13yearsofthestudy.Whentheresearcherslookedatspecificcausesofdeath,coffeedrinkingappearedtocuttheriskofdyingfromheartdisease,lungdisease,injuries,accidentsandinfections.
Now,Freedmanstressedthatthestudydoesn’tprovecoffeecanmakepeoplelivelonger.Astudylikethiscanneverproveacause-and-effectrelationship.(77)Allitcanreallydoistopointresearchersintherightdirectionforfurtherinvestigation.Andevenifitturnsoutthatcoffeeisreallygoodforyou,scientistshavenoideawhy.
1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,reporterswouldliketoknowtheresearchfindingsof.
A.teaB.beerC.alcoholD.coffee
2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Freedmanandhiscolleagueshired400,000Americanstocollectdata.
B.AboutfourhundredthousandAmericansworkedforFreedman’steamfulltimefor13years.
C.PeoplewhotookpartinFreedman’sresearchareabout50to70yearsold.
D.Peoplewhoare50to70yearsoldseldomdrinkcoffee.
3.Accordingtotheauthor,scientists.
A.havealreadyprovedthatcoffeeisgoodforhumanhealth
B.havealongwaytogobeforetheyfindawaytostudycoffee
C.haveavoidedthecause-and-effectapproachtostudycoffee
D.arestillunabletofigureoutwhycoffeeisgoodforus
4.Theword“mixed”inthefirstparagraphmeans“”.
A.bothgoodandbadB.puttogetherC.bothsharpandsoftD.confused
5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
A.CanBeerHelpYouLiveLonger?
B.CanCoffeeHelpYouLiveLonger?
C.CanWineHelpYouLiveLonger?
D.CanTeaHelpYouLiveLonger?
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Whenwe’relearningaforeignlanguage,makingsenseofwhatwehearisthefirststeptowardfluency.Itsoundsobvious,butuntilrecently,wedidn’tknowmuchabouthowlisteningworks.Newresearchdemonstratesthateffectivelisteninginvolvesmorethansimplyhearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears.Rather,it’sanactiveprocessofreceivinginformationandmakingmeaning.Thiskindofengagedlisteningisaskillthat’sascriticalforlearningarangeofsubjectsatschoolandworkasitisforlearningtounderstandaforeigntongue.
(78)Studiesofskilledlanguagelearnershaveidentifiedspecificlisteningstrategiesthatleadtosuperiorcomprehension.Lastyear,forexample,UniversityofOttawaresearcherLarryVandergriftpublishedhisstudyof106undergraduateswhowerelearningFrenchasasecondlanguage.Halfofthestudentsweretaughtinaconventionalfashion,listeningtoandpracticingtextsspokenaloud.Theotherhalf,possessingthesameinitial(最初的)skilllevelandtaughtbythesameteacher,weregivendetailedinstructiononhowtolisten.Itminedoutthatthesecondgroup“significantlyoutperformed”(胜过)thefirstoneonatestofcomprehension.
Sowhataretheselisteningstrategies?
Skilledlearnersgointoalisteningclasswithasenseofwhattheywanttogetoutofit.(79)Theysetagoalfortheirlisteningandtheygeneratepredictionsaboutwhatthespeakerwillsay.Beforethetalkingbegins,theymentallyreviewwhattheyalreadyknowaboutthesubject,andformanintentionto“listenoutfor”what’simportantorrelevant.Oncetheybeginlistening,theselearnersmaintaintheirfocus;iftheirattentionwanders,theybringitbacktothewordsbeingspoken.Theydon’tallowthemselvestobethrownoffbyconfusingorunfamiliardetails.Instead,theytakenoteofwhattheydon’tunderstandandmakeinferencesaboutwhatthosethingsmightmean,basedonothercluesavailabletothem:
theirpreviousknowledgeofthesubject,thecontext(语境)ofthetalk,,theidentityofthespeaker,andsoon.
6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Effectivelisteningmeanshearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears.
B.Developingyourlisteningskillsisthefirststeptowarddevelopingfluency.
C.Skilledlistenersusespecificstrategiestogetthemostoutofwhattheyhear.
D.Listeningisoneofthemostpowerfultoolswehavetogaininformation.
7.WhatdoesVandergrift’sresearchshow?
A.Learnerswhoadoptspecificlisteningstrategiesbecomebetterlisteners.
B.Learnerstaughtinthetraditionalwayarebetteratreinforcingwhattheylearn.
C.Learnersaremoreconfidentiftheymakefewermistakes.
D.Learnerswholistenonaregularbasisimprovefaster.
8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutVandergrift’sresearchisTRUE?
A.TheparticipantswerepostgraduateslearningFrenchasasecondlanguage.
B.Alltheparticipantsweretaughtusingtheconventionalmethod,withthefocusonlisteningstrategies.
C.Thetwogroupsweretaughtbydifferentteachers.
D.Theparticipantswereatthesameinitialskilllevel.
9.Theexpression“thrownoff”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“”.
A.infectedB.confusedC.ruinedD.informed
10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstrategiesisNOTusedbyskilledlearners?
A.Reviewtheirpriorknowledgeofthesubject.
B.Concentrateonthespeaker’swords.
C.Translateintotheirnativelanguage.
D.Predictwhatthespeakerwillsay.
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
(80)AstheTitanicwassinkingandwomenandchildrenclimbedintolifeboats,themusiciansfromtheship’sbandstoodandplayed.Theydiedwhentheshipwentdown.Menstoodonthedeckandsmokedcigarettes.Theydied,too.Thisbehaviorispuzzlingtoeconomists,wholiketobelievethatpeopletendtoactintheirownselfinterest.“Therewasnopushing,”saysDavidSavage,aneconomistatQueenslandUniversityinAustraliawhohasstudiedwitnessreportsfromthesurvivors.Itwas“very,veryorderlybehavior.”
SavagehascomparedthebehaviorofthepassengersontheTitanicwiththoseontheLusitania,anothershipthatalsosankataboutthesametime.ButwhentheLusitaniawentdown,thepassengerspanicked(恐慌).Therewerealotofsimilaritiesbetweenthesetwoevents.Thesetwoshipswerebothluxuryones,theyhadasimilarnumberofpassengersandasimilarnumberofsurvivors.
Thebiggestdifference,Savageconcludes,wastime.TheLusitaniasankinlessthan20minutes.ButfortheTitanic,itwastwo-and-a-halfhours.“Ifyou’vegotaneventthatlaststwo-and-a-halfhours,socialorderwilltakeoverandeverybodywillbehaveinasocialmanner,”Savagesays.“Ifyou’regoingdowninunder17minutes,basicallyit’sinstinctual.”OntheTitanic,socialorderruled,anditwaswomenandchildrenfirst.OntheLusitania,instinctwonout.Thesurvivorswerelargelythepeoplewhocouldswimandgetintothelifeboats.
Yes,we’reself-interested,Savagesays.Butwe’realsopartofasociety.Giventime,socialnorms(规范)canbeatournaturalself-interest.Ahundredyearsago,womenandchildrenalwayswentfirst.Menwerestoic(坚忍的).OntheTitanic,therewasenoughtimeforthesenormstobecomeforceful.
11.Accordingtotheauthor,economistswereconfusedbecause.
A.people’sbehaviorwasdisorderlyontheTitanic
B.peopledidnotactintheirowninterestontheTitanic
C.mostmendidnotactintheirowninterestontheLusitania
D.womenandchildrencouldnotclimbintothelifeboats
12.Theexpression“wonout”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“”.
A.tooktheupperhandB.wentoutofcontrolC.ranwildD.shutdown
13.AccordingtoDavidSavage,wasacriticalfactorindeterminingpeople’sbehaviorinthesinkingofthesetwoships.
A.socialorderB.placeC.instinctD.time
14.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?
A.Bothshipswereexpensiveones.
B.Asimilarnumberofwomenandchildrenfrombothshipssurvived.
C.Aboutthesamenumberofpeoplefromeachshipdied.
D.Bothshipshadasimilarnumberofpassengers.
15.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
A.WhyDidn’tMusiciansPlayontheLusitania?
B.WhyDidMusiciansPlayontheTitanic?
C.WhyDidn’tPassengersPanicontheTitanic?
D.WhyDidMenSmokeontheTitanic?
PartⅡVocabularyandStructure(30%)
Directions:
Inthispa