商务英语中级词汇能源.docx

商务英语中级词汇能源.docx

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商务英语中级词汇能源

能源-中级

activesolarenergysystem（nounphrase）=主动式太阳能系统

anapparatusthatusesmechanicalorelectricalequipmenttocirculateenergyfromthesun

Manyhousesuseanactivesolarenergysystemtoheatwater.

addition（noun）=附加物

achangetoanexistingbuildingthatincreasestheareaneedingtobeheatedorcooled

Theadditiontothatbuildingwillincreaseitsenergyconsumptionbyabout10%.

airchange（nounphrase）=换气

thereplacementofalloftheairinabuildingoverasetperiodoftime

Onaverage,ourventilationsystemcandooneairchangeperhour.

airconditioner（nounphrase）=空调

apieceofequipmentthatheatsorcoolsairinabuildingwhilecirculatingandcleaningit

Wehaveanextremelyefficientairconditionerinourhome.

airpollution（nounphrase）=空气污染

anyparticle,mist,orgasthathasanegativeeffectontheatmosphere

Inurbanareasaroundtheworld,automobilescauseagreatdealofairpollution.

alcoholfuel（nounphrase）=醇类燃料

aclassofliquidsthatisacombinationofhydrogen,carbon,andoxygen,withsufficientenergyforpoweringautomobilesandothermachinery

Ethanolisthemostcommonalcoholfuelforautomobiles.

alternatingcurrent（AC）（nounphrase）=交流电

anelectriccurrentthatreversesdirectionataregularfrequency

Mosthouseholdelectricityintheworldisalternatingcurrent.

ambientairtemperature（nounphrase）=大气温度

thetemperatureoftheairsurroundingabuilding

BecausetheambientairtemperatureisoftenveryhighinsouthernItaly,coolingbuildingscanbeveryexpensive.

ampere（noun）=安培

aunitofmeasureforthequantityofelectricitythatgoesthroughaconductoreachsecond

Thatcoolingunituses12amperes.

anthracite（noun）=无烟煤

atypeofcoalthatishard,hasahighcarboncontent,andburnscleanly

Inmycountry,theonlytypeofcoalthatthegovernmentallowspowerplantstoburnisanthracite.

能源-中级

（2）

associatedgas（nounphrase）=伴生气

commerciallyvaluablenaturalgasthatisfoundwithcrudeoilunderground

Thisoilfieldisextremelyvaluablebecauseitalsocontainsagreatdealofassociatedgas.

atom（noun）=原子

thesmallestunitofanelement,consistingofapositivelychargednucleuswithnegativelychargedelectronsorbitingaroundit

Waterconsistsoftwoatomsofhydrogenandoneatomofoxygen.

atomicnucleus（nounphrase）=原子核

thepositivelychargedcentralcoreofanatom,consistingprimarilyofprotonsandneutrons

Theatomicnucleusofhydrogenhasonlyoneproton.

averagedemand（nounphrase）=平均需求量

theenergyrequirementinagivenareaduringaspecificperiodoftimedividedbythenumberhoursintheperiod

Theaveragedemandinourareahasincreasedrecently,andthisiscreatingproblemsforlocalutilities.

barrel（noun）=桶

aquantityofoilequalto42USgallonsor159liters

Weestimatethatthereareatleastfivemillionbarrelsofoilinthisoilfield.

baseload（nounphrase）=基础负荷

thelowestlevelofpowerneededduringayearoraspecificpartofayear

Becauseofourmildspringandfallweather,weareatbaseloadduringthoseseasons.

benzene（noun）=苯

acolorless,flammableliquidmadefrompetroleum,containingthemolecularcompositionC6H6

Manymotorfuelshavebenzeneinthem.

bi-fuelvehicle（nounphrase）=两用燃料汽车

acarorothervehiclethathastwoseparatefuelsystemsfortwodifferentfuels

Somemajorautomobilecompaniesmakebi-fuelvehiclesthatrunoneithergasolineornaturalgas.

biodiesel（noun）=生物柴油

afuelmadefromfatorvegetableoilthathashadtheglycerinremoved

Becausebiodieseldoesnotcauseairpollution,itisbecomingpopularincrowdedcities.

能源-中级（3）

bituminouscoal（nounphrase）=沥青煤

atypeofcoalthatisrelativelysoftbutcontainslargeamountsofcarbon

FactoriesandpowerplantsintheUnitedStatesburnalotofbituminouscoal,whichhascreatedagreatdealofairpollution.

blackout（noun）=灯火管制

alossofelectricalpowerinalargegeographicalareaforaperiodoftime

Manyurbanareasexperienceblackoutsduringheatwavesbecauseofthehighdemandforelectricity.

busbar（noun）=母线槽

anelectricalconductor,oftenintheshapeofaheavycopperbar,thatservesasacommonconnectionforseveralcircuits

Becauseourbuildinghassomanycircuits,thereareseveralheavybusbarsinthebasement.

butane（noun）=丁烷

acolorless,flammablegas,foundwithpetroleumandusedasafuelandinthemanufactureofrubber,containingthemolecularcompositionC4H10

Inthewinter,myfatheralwayscarriedasmallbutanelightertolightourfireplace.

capacity（noun）=容积

theamountofelectricitythatagenerator,circuit,orelectricalapparatuscansafelycarry;theamountofgasthatapipelinecancarry

Ifdemandforelectricitygetstoohighthiswinter,thegeneratorwillreachitscapacity.

capacity（noun）=产能

theabilitytoproducesomethingoraccomplishatask

Webuiltanewfactoryandtripledourcapacitytoproduceengines.

Celsius（noun）=摄氏度

atemperaturescaleinwhichzerodegreesequalsthefreezingpointofwaterand100degreesequalstheboilingpointofwater

ItwasonlyfivedegreesCelsiusoutsidethismorning,soIhadtowearaheavycoat.

chemicalenergy（nounphrase）=化学能源

energyfromareactionbetweentwocompoundsorelements

Whenorganicmatterdecomposes,agreatdealofchemicalenergyintheformofheatisreleased.

coalseam（nounphrase）=煤层

aquantityofcoalundergroundthatislargeenoughtobecommerciallymined

Thenewcoalseamtheminersdiscoveredwillproducecoalforatleastthenextfiveyears.

能源-中级（4）

coke（noun）=焦炭

asolidblacksubstanceproducedbydistillingcoaltoremovevolatilematerialandusedasafuel

Steelmillsburngreatquantitiesofcoketoremovetheimpuritiesfromiron.

condenser（noun）=冷凝器

adevicethatexchangesheatbycompressingahotgasintoaliquid

Refrigeratorsandairconditionersusecondenserstoeliminateheat.

conduction（noun）=传导

thetransferofenergy,suchasheatorelectricity,throughasolidmaterial

Thewallsofthisbuildingaresothinthatwelosealotofheatbecauseofconduction.

convection（noun）=对流

thetransferofheatthroughthemovementofahotgasorliquid

Weputheatersatthebottomofthewalltocreateconvectionandcausetheheattoriseandmovearoundtheroom.

crudeoil（nounphrase）=原油

petroleuminitsnaturalstate,beforerefining

Wepumpedamillionbarrelsofcrudeoiloutofthegroundthisweek.

deepmining（nounphrase）=深海采矿

takingmineralsorcoaloutofthegroundatdepthsexceeding1,000feet（305meters）

InEngland,deepminingforcoalhasbeencommonforcenturies.

developmentwell（nounphrase）=开发井

anewoilwelldrillednearanexistingwellinordertoincreaseproduction

Weneededtoproducemoreoillastyear,sowedrilledfivedevelopmentwells.

dieseloil（nounphrase）=柴油

afueldistilledfrompetroleumandusedtorundieselengines

Heavytrucksgenerallyusedieseloilasfuel.

discoverywell（nounphrase）=发现井

anexploratorywellthatfindsanewoilorgasdeposit

Theoilcompany'sdiscoverywellisoveramajoroilreservoir.

downstream（adjective）=下游

usedtodescribethelaterstagesofthepetroleum-processingindustry,includingrefining,marketing,andsales

We'rehavingsomeproblemswiththedownstreampartofourbusiness.Oilpricesaredown,sosaleshavebeendecreasing.

能源-中级（5）

dryhole（nounphrase）=干井

awellthatdoesnotproduceenoughoilorgasforcommercialproduction

Mostoftheoilcompany'swellslastmonthturnedouttobedryholes.

electricutility（nounphrase）=电力事业

acompanyornonproiftorganizationthatgenerates,transmits,ordistributeselectricity

Thecity'selectricutilityraiseditsrates,soresidentsarepayingabout10%moreeachmonthforelectricity.

electricalresistance（nounphrase）=电阻

theamountofoppositionamaterialhastotheflowofelectricity,measuredinohms

Copperhasverylittleelectricalresistance,soitisusedforelectricalwires.

electrolysis（noun）=电解

aprocessinwhichelectricitypassesthroughachemicalcompoundinordertobreakitdownintoitsbasicelements

Byusingelectrolysis,webrokedownwatertocreatehydrogentorunourexperimentalcars.

energydiversity（nounphrase）=能源多元化

apolicythatencouragesthedevelopmentofnewenergytechnologiestoreducedependenceontraditionalfuels,suchascoalandoil

Iwishthatmycountrywouldemphasizeenergydiversityinsteadofbuildingmorecoalmines.

energyreserves（nounphrase）=能源储备

theknownamountofenergyresources,especiallypetroleum,naturalgas,andcoal,thatisrecoverableatanaffordablecost

Expertsoftenargueaboutthesizeoftheworld'senergyreserves.

ethanol（noun）=乙醇

adistilledalcoholproducedfromsugarsfoundinvariousagriculturalproductssuchassugarcane,withthechemicalformulaC2H6O

Brazilisaleadingproducerofethanolfuelforautomobiles.

exfiltration（noun）=渗漏

theoutwardflowofairfromabuilding

Theinsulationinthisbuildingispoor,sowelosealotofwarmairthroughexfiltration.

exploratorywell（nounphrase）=探井

anoilwelldrilledtolookforpetroleuminanareawhereoilhasneverbeenfound

WearegoingtocreatefiveexploratorywellsinanewareaoftheGulfofMexiconextmonth.

能源-中级（6）

fenestration（noun）=开窗法

windows,glassdoors,andotherthinbarriersbetweentheinsideandoutsideofabuildingthroughwhichheatcaneasilypass

Becauseofextensivefenestration,ourofficebuildingiscoldinthewinterandhotinthesummer.

fission（noun）=裂变

thereleaseofenergythroughthesplittingofatoms

Nuclearpowerplantsusefissiontoproducetheheatthatchangeswatertost