广西科技大学.docx
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广西科技大学
广西科技大学
外国语学院
《跨文化交际学》论文
英文题目:
AComparativeStudyonSchoolEducationinAmericanandChina
中文题名:
中美学校教育的比较研究
专业:
商务英语
班级:
英语121班
学号:
201200801022
姓名:
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指导教师:
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Contents
IIntroduction..............................................................................................................1
ThedifferencesofschooleducationbetweenAmericaandchina...............................................................................................................................1
2.1Thedifferenceineducationvalueorientation.....................................................................................................................12.2Thedifferenceineducationmode..............................................................................................................................22.3Thedifferenceinschooleducationmanagementsystem............................................................................................................................3
2.4Thedifferenceinteachingfacilities..........................................................................................................................3
2.5Thedifferenceinexaminationsystem............................................................................................................................4
IIIReasonsforthedifferencesinAmericaandchina’sschooleducation......................................................................................................................5
3.1Theeffectscausedbythedifferences..................................................................6
3.2Theenlightenmenttochina’seducationreformfromthecomparison............6
ⅣConclusion.............................................................................................................6
References...................................................................................................................7
Abstract
Fromtheperspectiveofcomparativeeducation,thispassageintroducethedifferencesofschooleducationbetweenAmericaandchinaineducationvalueorientation、educationmode、educationmanagementsystem、teachingfacilities、examinationsystemandsoon.Ithasapracticalmeaningtopushthefurtherdevelopofchina’seducationthroughstudyingandborrowingAmericanadvancededucationideasandmethods,andlearningfromtheirinnovationeducation,alsoitcancontributesthedevelopmentofourchina’seducationreform.
Keyword:
American、china、schooleducationdifference、enlightenment、educationreform
Contents
Introduction:
whenprimeministerWenjiabaovisitedQianxuesenin2005,Qianraisedaquestionthatwhyourschoolalwayscannotcultivateoutstandingtalents.ThequestionofQianxuesenisahardbutthought-provokingquestionforourchina’seducationundertakings.Ithinkitcontributesalottothedisadvantagesofoureducation.Someonemarkschina’sstudentswiththelabel“highscoresbutlowabilities”,whileattachesthelabel“highenergybutlowmarks”toAmericanstudents.Howcanitbe?
What’sthedifferencesofschooleducationbetweenAmericaandchina?
II.ThedifferencesofschooleducationbetweenAmericaandchina
2.1Thedifferenceineducationvalueorientation
Chineseeducationistheeducationtolayfoundation,which“learnmorebutperceiveless”.WhileAmerican’seducationistheeducationtocultivatestudent’screativeability,whichis“learnlessbutperceivemore”.Chineseeducationemphasisoninstillingtheaccumulationofknowledge,cultivatingstudent’srespecttoknowledgeandauthority.Incontrast,America’seducationaremorefocusontrainingstudentspracticalabilitytouseknowledge,payingattentiontotrainingstudents Skepticismandcritical spiritforknowledgeandauthority,andemphasizingontheexpansionofknowledgeandcreativity.China'seducationshowsthestaticacceptforknowledgebutAmericaneducationshowsthedynamicchangeofknowledge.Inaword,Oureducationistheknowledgeorientation,theeducationoftheUnitedStatesisabilityorientation
2.2Thedifferenceineducationmode
Theeducationmodeofchinahas3characteristics.First,theschooleducationisuniforminmanyaspects.Theeducationmodeofmostschoolsarethatteachersteachlessonsandstudentslisten.Studentscan’tinterruptteacher’steaching,theyhavetoraisetheirhandswhentheywanttoraisequestions.Forstudents,goingtoschoolmeansendlesshomeworkandexamination.Thereisastandardkeytoboththeirhomeworkandexamination.Second,schooleducationignorestudent’spersonality.Third,schooleducationderailsocial.Educationinourchinaderailsocialabsolutelyforthestudentswhowecultivatecan‘tusewhattheylearnintopractice.
Americanclassroomareveryrelax,andAmericanstudentsdon’thavetoomuchhomeworktodo.TheclassroommodeofAmericaare
democracy,harmony,andvivid.Teacherismainlyresponsiblefororganization,specificimplementationisuptothechildtodobytheimagination.AmericaneducationareextensivelycontactwiththesocialandnaturalandPayattentiontosocialintercourseability.Schoolsoftenorganizeoutingactivities,liketourismandvisiting.Thecampusactivitiesisrich,vivid,anditcandevelopstudent’spersonality
2.3Thedifferenceinschooleducationmanagementsystem
Thedisciplineofchina’sclassroomareverystrict.Manyhighschoolperformstrictnominationsystemforclass.Absenteeismisregardedasakindofprohibitedbehavior.Theyhavetobeartolisten、theyareprohibitedtolookotherbooksandtheycan’tleaveclassroomalthoughtheyhaveknowntheknowledgewell.Infactchina’shighstandardandstrictmanagementmoderejectstudent’snormalneedsandrightswhichstudentshaveasindependentpersonalitylearner.
Americanschool’smanagementrulesandregulations,notbasedonthecontrolbuttocreateafreedom、looseeducationenvironmenttooperatenormally.Studentscaninterrupttheclassroomwheneveritisandwhatevertheteachersay.Theycanchoosetodootherthingsiftheydon’tinterestedinwhattheteachersay.So,theycangoouttohaveotherclasseswhichtheyinterestedin.Thebasicprincipleofschoolmanagementrulesisbaseonpeopleoriented.Thesenseoftakinggoodcareofstudentsandrespectthemareverydense.Theschoolwon’teasilypunishstudents.
2.4Thedifferenceinteachingfacilities
MostofChineseprimaryschooljusthavesomesmallclassroomstoteach,lotsofstudentshavetostudytogetherinasmallspace.Moreoversomestudentshaveneverseentheadvancedteachingequipment.Thechairandbroomweusedhadtobesuppliedbyourselvesinsomeschools.Wecan’tpracticestudentslisteningabilitywithoutequipment,butlotsofChineseschooldon’thavemultimediaorhavefewandoldequipmentforstudentstolearn。
InAmerica,thephysicallayoutsofclassroomsvary.Initially,studentdesksstandinrows.Duringtheyear,desksmaybearrangedinonebigcircleorputintosmallclusters.Thisallowsstudentstoworkonprojectsinsmallgroups.Elementaryschoolclassroomscontainspeciallearningareas.Acornermayhavearug,softchairsandmanybookswherestudentscangotoread.Ortheremaybeasciencecornerforprojects.MostAmericanteachershavetheirownclassrooms.
2.5Thedifferenceinexaminationsystem
Chinaistheexamination-orientededucationforthereasonsofhistoryandrealityand,ofcourse,itisforalargepopulationnationaltochoosearelativelylowcostexamination-orientededucation.However,theresultsoftheexamination-orientededucationistotrainStudentsfromagenerallackofinnovation.Somepeoplesay:
"WhycannotaChineseoneNobelPrizewinner."Maybethisisthereason.TheexaminationsysteminChinamakesthestudentsdull.Toattendauniversityschool,studentsmusttakenationalcollegeentranceexamwhichisincrediblyintenseandgrueling,lastthreedaysbutpreparedforitoccupiesallstudentsandteacher’sminds.Theexamcanonlybetakenonceandalmostentirelydeterminesthestudent’sfutureinChina.Teachersalsofeelpressureandputalotofpressureontheirstudentsbecauseteacher’sreputationsdependonhowmanystudentstheyhavepasstheexam.
EducationintheUnitedStatesortheWestinmanycountries,focusonqualityeducation.Concernforeachindividualstudent'sDevelopment,andencouragethemtoopenthewingsthinking,encouragestudentstocontributetoinnovation.InAmerica,studentstakeexaminationstoevaluatetheirownworkandtoknowwheretheystandandhowmuchtheyhaveunderstoodwhatevertheyhavebeentaught.Examinationsreflectastudent'sunderstanding,aptitudeandintelligence.Theteachersassesstheirstudents'performances.InAmerica,mostlythereisnosuchthingsasexternalexaminations.Thefinalgradeisusuallybasedontheinstructor'sevaluation,whichtakesintoaccountnotonlytheseveralexaminationsgiven,butalsowrittenpapers,participationinoraldiscussions,fieldandlaboratorywork.Thebachelor'sdegreeisordinarilyawardedonthesuccessfulcompletionofthevariousundergraduatescourse,withoutfurthergeneralexaminationsrequiredforB.A.Degree,theMaster'sdegreeandcustomarilyforthePh.D.degree.
IIIReasonsforthedifferencesinAmericaandchina’sschooleducation
Therearemanyreasonsattributedtothedifferenceinthistwocountries.Thelargedistanceofeconomicisthemainreasonforthedifferences.Americaneconomicisunsurpassed.Thatgiveafinancialsupporttothedevelopmentofeducation.whileourcountryisadevelopingcountry,economiclevelislowerthanAmericaandtheeducationinvestmentissmall.Thedifferenceofculturalbackground、valueorientation