最新职称英语考试试题.docx

最新职称英语考试试题.docx

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最新职称英语考试试题

第十一篇WhenOurEyesServeOurStomach

Oursensesaren’tjustdelivering汪strictviewofwhat’sgoingonintheworld；they’reaffectedbywhat’sgoingoninourheads.Anewstudyfindsthathungrypeopleseefood-relatedwordsmoreclearlythanpeoplewho’vejusteaten.

Psychologistshaveknownfordecadesthatwhat’sgoingon,insideourheadaffectsoursenses.Forexample,poorerchildrenthinkcoinsarelargerthantheyare,andhungrypeoplethinkpicturesoffoodarebrighter.RemiRadelofUniversityofNiceSophia-Antipolis，France，wantedtoinvestigatehowthishappens.Doesithappenrightawayasthebrainreceivessignalsfromtheeyesoralittlelaterasthebrain’shigh-levelthinkingprocessesgetinvolved.

Radelrecruited42studentswithanormalbodymassindex.Onthedayofhisorhertest,eachstudentwastoldtoarriveatthelabatnoonafterthreeorfourhoursofnoteating.Thentheyweretoldtherewasadelay.Someweretoldtocomebackin10minutes;othersweregivenanhourtogetlunchfirst.Sohalfthestudentswerehungrywhentheydidtheexperimentandtheotherhalfhadjusteaten.

Fortheexperiment,theparticipantlookedatacomputerscreen.Onebyone,80wordsflashedonthescreenforaboutl/300thofasecondeach.Theyflashedatsosmallasizethatthestudentscouldonlyconsciouslyperceive.Aquarterofthewordswerefood-related.Aftereachword，eachpersonwasaskedhowbrightthewordwasandaskedtochoosewhichoftwowordsthey’dseen—afood-relatedwordlikecakeoraneutralwordlikeboat.Eachwordappearedtoobrieflyfortheparticipanttoreallyreadit.

Hungrypeoplesawthefood-relatedwordsasbrighterandwerebetteratidentifyingfood-relatedwords.Becausethewordappearedtooquicklyforthemtobereliablyseen,thismeansthatthedifferenceisinperception,notinthinkingprocesses,Radelsays.

“Thisissomethinggreattome.Humanscanreallyperceivewhattheyneedorwhattheystrivefor.Fromtheexperiment,Iknowthatourbraincanreallybeatthedisposalofourmotivesandneeds,”Radelsays.

词汇：

thresholdn.起点，开端；门槛

disposaln.处理,处置;配置

neutraladj.中性的；中立的

motiven.动机，目的

strivev.努力，力求;斗争注释：

1.Oursensesaren’tjustdeliveringastrictviewof...inourheads:

这个句子的大概意思是:

我们的五官感觉不仅仅让我们感知世界;五官感觉还受大脑活动的影响。

2.UniversityofNiceSophia-Antipolis:

法国尼斯•索菲亚•安提波利斯大学，简称尼斯大学，1965年经法国政令正式宣布成立。

尼斯大学在尼斯市设有7处主校园，另外，还在索菲亚•安提波利斯市（SophiaAntipolis）、戛纳市（Cannes）和芒东市（Menton）设有校区。

索菲亚•安提波利斯是位于尼斯市西南侧的科技园区，是许多髙等学府的所在地。

3.bodymassindex:

身体质量指数

4.atthethresholdof:

当……快要开始时

5.inperception：

感知

6.atthedisposalof:

受到……的控制

练习：

1.WhatdoesthenewstudymentionedinParagraph1find?

AHungrypeopleseeeverywordmoreclearlythanordinarypeople.

BHungrypeoplearealwaysthinkingoffood-relatedwords.

CHungrypeoplearemoresensitivetofood-relatedwordsthanstomach-fullpeople.

DHungrypeopledonothavelower-levelofthinkingprocess.

2.Whywasthereadelayonthedayoftheexperiment?

ABecausehungrypeopleneededtimetofilltheirstomach.

BBecauseRadelwantedtocreatetwogroupsoftestees,hungryandnon-hungry.

CBecausenoonwasnottherighttimeforanyexperiment.

DBecauseRadelneededtimetoselectparticipantsintermsofbodymassindex.

3.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?

AHuman9ssensesaren’tjustdeliveringastrictviewofwhat’sgoingonintheworld.

BWhat'sperceivedbyoursensesaffectsourwayofthinking.

CHumanbrainscanreallybeatthedisposalofourmotivesandneeds.

DThinkingprocessesguaranteethenormalfunctionsofoursenses.

4.Whatdidtheresultsoftheexperimentindicate?

A80wordsflashedonthescreentoofastfortheparticipanttointentionallyperceive.

BHungrypeoplewerebetteratidentifyingneutralwords.

CPeoplewhohadjusteatenwerebetteratidentifyingfood-relatedwords.

DTheparticipantscouldbarelyperceivewhattheyneededorwhattheystrivedfor.

5.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A42participantsaretoosmallanumberforaseriousinvestigation.

BAnexperimentwithhungryandnon-hungryparticipantsisnotreliable.

COurthinkingprocessesareindependentofoursenses.

DHumanscanperceivewhattheyneedwithoutinvolvinghigh-levelthinkingprocesses.

答案与题解：

1.C第一段第二句是本题答案的依据。

饥肠辘辘的人只是看food-relatedwords比较清楚，选项C的句意与上述句子的意思完全一致，是答案。

选项A说的是everyword,所以不是答案。

选项B和D文章中没有提到。

2.B答案的根据可在第三段找到。

Radel为了保证42名学生到达实验室时是空腹，所以要求他们中午到达。

然后告诉一部分学生实验时间推迟了，请他们10分钟后再来。

他又请另外一部分学生用午餐。

Radel用推迟实验的方法造就了两组实验者，即饥饿组与饱食组。

选项B是答案。

3.C虽然A、B、D选项均可在文中找到对应部分，但只属于细节，而非主旨，因此不能选。

本文最后一句给出了直接的答案。

4.A第四段第三行中consciously与A项中的intentionally是同义词。

B项neutral意思为“中性的”，在本文中的意思是与food-related相对的，即“与食物不相关的”，因此是错误选择;C项不符合课文原意;D项barely意为“仅仅，勉强，几乎没有”，因此也不符合句意。

5.D选项A所说的实验样本的大小与本题主旨无关，不是答案，而是干扰项;B、C内容也不能直接从短文中推断出来。

选项D是答案。

最后一段第二句的“Humanscanreallyperceivewhattheyneedorwhattheystrivefor”为选择D项提供了依据。