整理过高考英语大纲词汇表.docx

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整理过高考英语大纲词汇表.docx

整理过高考英语大纲词汇表

高考英语听力听取信息常考词汇

1.时间

星期:

Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday

月份:

January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December

四季:

:

spring  ,summer ,autumn  ,winter

节日:

holiday,festival,Mid-autumnDay,MayDay,NationalDay,Teachers’Day,Children’sDay,Mother(Father)’sDay,NewYear,ChristmasDay,ThanksgivingDay,Easter,Halloween,Valentine’sDay,

其他:

century,year,month,week,day,hour,minute,second,yesterday,today,tomorrow,weekend,atnoon,morning,afternoon,evening,night,

3.普通人名/姓:

Mary,John,Tom,George,Susan,David,James,Jack,Jane…Smith,Brown,Taylor,Johnson,White,Williams,Black…

4.常见国家/人民/语言

America-American-AmericanCanada-Canadian-CanadianAustralia-Australian-AustralianAustria-Austrian-AustrianBrazil-Brazilian-BrazilianEgypt-Egyptian-Egyptian

France-Frenchman/Frenchwoman–FrenchGermany-German(s)-GermanBritain-British-BritishGreece-Greek-GreekHolland-Dutchman-DutchIndia-Indian-IndianItaly-Italian-ItalianMexico-Mexican-MexicanSpain-Spaniard-SpanishRussia-Russian-Russian

5.常见城市:

London,NewYork,Athens(雅典),Boston,Chicago,HongKong,Macao,Seattle,Tokyo,Soul(首尔),Toronto,Washington,Ottawa,Vancouver,Paris,Berlin,Moscow,Sydney

6.七大洲/四大洋:

Asian,Europe,Africa,NorthAmerica,SouthAmerica,Antarctica(南极洲),Oceania(大洋洲)Pacific,Atlantic(大西洋),IndianOcean,theArcticOcean

7.科目名称:

Physics,Chemistry,Biology,Politics,History,Geography,Maths

8.天气情况常用词

weatherreport,wet,warm,cloudy,grey(阴天),sunny,snowy,dark,rainy,icy,foggy,storm;windy,fine,sunshine,snow,heavyrain,strongwind,cold,cool,hot,

9.旅馆、餐厅常用词

bookabed,goDutch(各付各的帐),tip,soup,menu,paythebill,food,beef,fish,egg,soup,dumpling,softdrink,steak,maindish(主菜),waiter,waitress,wine,softdrink,salad,order,fastfoodshop,receptiondesk;restaurant,asingle/doubleroom,checkin(登记),checkout(退房);

10.商场、超市常用词

dosomeshopping,salesman,saleswoman,shoppingcart(购物手推车),pricetag(价格标签),fashion,men’ssuit,departmentstore,supermarket,onsale(减价出售),check-outcounter(付帐台),size,color,T-shirt,shirt,sweater,shoes,trousers,jacket,shopassistant;tryon,style(款式),

11.银行、邮局常用词

bank,money,bankofficer,check,interest(利息),creditcard(信用卡),mail,postage(邮资),envelop,stamp,cash,postoffice,airmail,package,letter,savingsaccount(储蓄存款帐户)

12.学校、家庭常用词:

homework,exam,test,mid-term/finalexamination,marks,textbook,playground,department,Bachelor’sdegree,Master’sdegree,Doctor’sdegree,Campus,lecture,dormitory,semester,term,dining-hall,swimming-pool,courses,foreignlanguage,gym,housewife,housework,bed-room,kitchen,waiting-room,dinning-room,sofa,chair,table,dressing-table,cupboard(厨柜),furniture;

13.机场、车站等交通常用词:

luggage,baggage,airline,airport,passport,check,railway/trainstation,expresstrain(快车),platform,sleepingcar,seatbelt,takeoff,land,boardingcard(登机卡),Gate1,flightnumber,nonstopflight(直达航班),arrivaltime,conductor,ticketoffice,plane,passenger;warninglight,roadsign,motorway,one-way,round-trip(双程的);

14.图书馆、阅览室常用词:

library,reading-room,renew(续借),book-shelf,novel,story-book,picture-book,fine(v.罚款),newspaper,magazine,referencebook;

15.办公室常用词:

computer,typewriter,copy,makeaphonecall,arrangeanappointment,secretary,manager

16.人与人关系的常用词:

father,mother,son,daughter,brother,sister,grandfather,grandmother,nephew,cousin,niece,children,grandchildren,grandson,uncle,aunt,teacher,student,friend,enemy,husband,wife,neighbor,girlfriend,boyfriend,classmate,workmate,boss;

亲属称呼:

daughter(女儿),niece(女性晚辈),nephew(男性晚辈),cousin(同辈兄弟姐妹),aunt(女性长辈),uncle(男性长辈)

17.职业常用词:

student,teacher,worker,engineer,doctor,nurse,professor,actor,actress,waiter,waitress,player,film-maker,director,tailor(裁缝),cleaner,writer,singer,dancer,conductor(市内有轨电车或公共汽车)售票员,salesman,saleswoman,sailor,dentist(牙医)

18.医院常用词:

pain,cough,fever,aheadache,stomachache,temperature,heart,lung,blood-pressure,takemedicine,pills,toothache。

19.科技:

computer,surftheInternet,technology,science,information,e-mail,download,online,offline,clone,robot,cellphone/mobilephone,satellite,spaceship,fax,

20.Clothing(衣物):

clothes,dress,suit,eveningdress,jacket,shirt,skirt,T-shirt,trouserspants,shorts,blouse,sweater,coat,overcoat,tie,socks,stockings,shoes,bootshat,cap,uniform

21.Foodanddrinks:

hamburger,sandwich(es),bread,flour,milk,pork,beef,lamb,chicken,fish,rice,vegetable,black-tea,green-tea,coffee,blackcoffee,wine,alcohol,softdrinks

★东西南北(名词、形容词):

east(东,东方);eastern(东方的,东部的);west(西,西方);western(西方的,西部的);south(南,南方);southern(南方的,南部的);north(北,北方);northern(北方的,北部的)

★数量词Million,thousand,hundred,dozen,score,decade,first,second,third,forth,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth,twentieth,

★容易拼写错的数字

基数词和序数词(1---19、20---90):

如:

fifth第五;ninth第九;twelfth第十二;twentieth第二十(30、40、50、60、70、80、90的序数词都是去掉y加ieth)

★以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母

1.regret(regretted,regretting)后悔

2.control(controlled,controlling)控制

3.admit(admitted,admitting)承认

4.occur(occurred,occurring)出现

5.prefer(preferred,preferring)宁愿

6.refer(referred,referring)提到

7.forget(forgetting)忘记

8.permit(permitted,permitting)允许

9.equip(equipped,equipping)装备

注意:

quarrel,signal,travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英语)

★部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词

 1.broadcast(broadcast,broadcast)广播

2.flee(fled,fled)逃跑

3.forbid(forbade,forbidden)禁止

4.forgive(forgave,forgiven)原谅

5.freeze(froze,frozen)结冰

6.hang(作“绞死”讲,是规则的;作“悬挂”讲,其过去

式过去分词都是hung)

7.lie(作“说谎”讲时,是规则的;作“位于”讲时,其过去式是lay,过去分词是lain)

8.seek(sought,sought)寻求

9.shake(shook,shaken)发抖

10.sing(sang,sung)唱歌

11.sink(sank,sunk/sunken)下沉

12.spread(spread,spread)传播

13.swim(swam,swum)游泳

14.tear(tore,torn)撕碎

15.weave(wove,woven)编织

★意思相近的词

 1.check/examine/test

2.receive/accept

3.destroy/damage

4.celebrate/congratulate

5.wear/dress

★注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化

 1.long—length长度

2.wide—width宽度

3.high—height高度

4.strong—strength力量

★以-ic结尾的动词,应先把-ic变为-ick,再加ing或ed

1.picnic(picnicked,picnicking)野餐

★个别名词的复数拼写

1.German(Germans)德国人

2.gulf(gulfs)海湾

3.handkerchief(handkerchiefs)手帕

4.hero(英雄),potato(土豆),tomato(西红柿)等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。

5.roof(roofs)房顶

6.stomach胃(其复数是stomachs而不是加es)

★注意动词变名词时的拼写变化

1.succeed—success成功

2.pronounce—pronunciation发音

3.explain—explanation解释

4.decide—decision决定

5.enter—entrance进入

6.permit—permission允许

7.refuse—refusal拒绝

8.consider—consideration考虑

9.discover—discovery发现

10.bury—burial埋葬

11.conclude—conclusion得出结论

12.arrive—arrival到达

13.weigh—weight重量

★注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化

1.beautiful—beautifully美丽的

2.possible—possibly可能的

3.practical—practically实际的

4.particular—particularly特别的

5.successful—successfully成功的

★高考考纲必背单词

1.abroad国外

2.absencen.缺席(absentadj.)

3.accepted

4.accident事故(accidentaladj.偶然的,accidentallyadv.

5.achievement成就(achievev.获得)

6.address地址

7.admire钦佩

8.admitting(2000北京春季卷)

9.agreement协议

10.agriculture农业(agriculturaladj.农业的)

11.altogether总共

12.ancient古代的

13.announced(NMET1999)

14.anxiety忧虑(anxiousadj.焦急的,anxiouslyadv.焦急地)

15.apologizev.道歉apologyn.道歉apologeticadj.道歉的,apologeticallyadv.

16.apologize/apologise(2000全国卷)

17.appreciate感激/欣赏(感激人用thanksb;谢谢某人做的事用appreciatesth.)

18.Asian(NMET1996)

19.assistant助手

20.astonish吃惊(astonishmentn.吃惊,astonishing,astonished)

21.astronaut宇航员

22.atmosphere气氛

23.attempt尝试(可作名词也可作动词)

24.attentively专心地

25.attentively(NMET1996)

26.attitude态度

27.attract吸引(attraction吸引力)

28.average平均

29.average(NMET1999)

30.balance平衡

31.beauty美(beautiful)

32.believe相信(beliefn.信念,其复数是beliefs)

33.beyond超过

34.biology生物

35.birthday生日

36.bravery勇敢

37.broadcast(NMET1996)

38.broadcast广播(过去式、过去分词同原形)

39.carefully小心(carefully)

40.ceiling天花板

41.celebrated(2000北京春季卷)

42.celebration庆祝(celebraten.庆祝)

43.century世纪

44.challenge挑战

45.character性格

46.charge收费;管理;充电;控告

47.cinema电影院

48.comfortv.&n.安慰(comfortableadj.comfortablyadv.舒适地)

49.comfortably

50.comment评论

51.communication交流

52.competition竞赛(competev.竞赛competitor竞者)

53.composition作文

54.concert音乐会

55.concludev.conclusionn.结论

56.condition情况(conditions条件)

57.confessing(2000北京春季卷)

58.congratulations祝贺(congratulatev.)

59.constantly不断地

60.construction(NMET1996)

61.continue继续

62.contribution贡献(contributev.)

63.conveniently方便(convenientadj.)

64.conversation谈话

65.coughing(NMET1997)

66.cousin表兄弟

67.cruelty残酷(crueladj.cruellyadv.)

68.curious好奇(curiosityn.好奇)

69.curious(NMET1996)

70.customer顾客

71.customers(2000北京春季卷)

72.custom习俗

73.damage损坏

74.declared(NMET1999)

75.delicious美味

76.destroy毁灭(其过去式是destroyed)

77.determined有决心的

78.develop发展(developmentn.developing发展中的,developed发达的)

79.dialogue对话

80.diary日记(dairy奶制品)

81.difference不同点(有复数形式)

82.disappointed失望(disappointing让人失望的)

83.disappointment失望

84.discovery发现(其复数是discoveries,其动词是discover,discoverer发现者)

85.disturb打扰

86.dollar美元(其复数是dollars)

87.downstairs楼下

88.dream梦想(其过去式是dreamed或dreamt)

89.electricity电(electrical电的,electric电的)

90.employ雇用(employment,employer雇主,employee雇员)

91.empty倒空(可用动词,其过去式是emptied)

92.encourage鼓励(encouraging,encouraged,encouragementn.)

93.energy能量

94.envelope信封

95.envyn.妒忌(enviousadj.)

96.equal(NMET1998)

97.equipment设备

98.especially尤其是

99.essential(NMET1999)

100.European欧洲人

101.event事件

102.excellent极好(excellencen.excellentlyadv.)

103.exhibition(NMET1997)

104.exhibition展览

105.expense耗费

106.experience经验(experienced有经验

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