土木工程毕业设计教学楼.docx
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土木工程毕业设计教学楼
土木工程毕业设计教学楼
篇一：
土木工程毕业设计-教学楼
摘要
本次毕业设计的是一幢教学楼，占地面积为5400m2,为现浇钢筋混凝土框架结构。
设计使用年限为50年，耐火等级II级，采光等级为II级，抗震等级为三级。
结构方案阶段：
根据建筑的重要性，建筑所在地的抗震设防烈度，工程地质勘查报告，建筑场地的类别及建筑的功能、高度和层数来确定建筑的结构形式，本工程采用的是钢筋混凝土框架结构。
在当今工程实际中，框架结构是应用非常广泛的一种结构布置形式。
它的钢及水泥用量比较大，造价也比混合结构高，但具有梁柱承重，墙体只起分隔和围护的作用，房间布置比较灵活，门窗开置的大小、形状都较为自由的特点。
结构计算阶段：
本设计主要进行了结构方案中横向框架4轴框架的抗震设计。
在确定框架布局之后，先进行了层间荷载代表值的计算,接着利用经验公式法求出自震周期，进而按底部剪力法计算水平地震荷载作用下大小，进而求出在水平荷载作用下的结构内力（弯矩、剪力、轴力）。
接着计算竖向荷载（恒载及活荷载）作用下的结构内力，是为了找出最不利的一组或几组内力组合。
选取最不安全的结果计算配筋并绘图。
关键词：
多层住宅；钢筋混凝土框架；截面设计，结构设计，抗震设计
I
Abstract
Thisgraduationdesignisateachingbuilding,Thesizeabout720m2.Cast-in-
placereinforcedconcreteframestructure,Designlifeof50years，RefractorygradeII.
Structuralschemestage:
Accordingtotheimportanceofthebuilding,providingfortificationagainstearthquakesintheearthquakeintensity,thegeologicprospectreportoftheprojectofthebuildingsite,classificationandheightandstoreyofthebuildingofthebuildingfieldarecountedtoconfirmthestructuralformofarchitecture,whatthisprojectisadoptedisframestructure.Constructionisastructuredisposaltype
intheconstructionpractices,whichisusedwidelyintheworldrecently.Itneedsagreatdealofsteelandcementandmakesitscosthigherthanmixedconstruction.Butitisoftheadvantagesthatoneisbeamandcolumnbeartheforce,whilethewallonlydividesthespaceandtheotheristhedisposalforaroomisflexible:
itmakesitfreelytosetthesizesandshapesofthewindowsanddoors.
Calculatestageinstructure:
Thepurposeofthedesignistodotheanti-seismicdesigninthelongitudinalframesofaxis4.Whenthedirectionsoftheframesaredetermined,firstlytheweightofeachflooriscalculated.Thenthevibratecycleiscalculatedbyutilizingtheexperientialformula,thenmakingtheamountofthehorizontalseismicforcecanbegotbywayofthebottom-shearforcemethod.Theseismicforcecanbeassignedaccordingtotheshearingstiffnessoftheframesofthedifferentaxis.Thentheinternalforceinthestructureunderthehorizontalloadscanbeeasilycalculated.Afterthedeterminationoftheinternalforceunderthedeadandliveloads,thexxbinationofinternalforcecanbemadebyusingtheExcelsoftware,whosepurposeistofindoneorseveralsetsofthemostadverseinternalforceoftheconterminousgirders,whichwillbethebasisofprotractingthereinforcingdrawingsofthexxponents.
Keyword:
Multi-storeyresidential；Reinforcedconcreteframe；Sectiondesign
structuraldesign，anti-seismicdesign
II
目录
摘要.............................................................................................................................IAbstract.........................................................................................................................II
第1章方案论述.........................................................................................................6
1.1建筑方案论述.................................................................................................6
1.1.1设计依据................................................................................................6
1.1.2设计内容、建筑面积、标高................................................................6
1.1.3房间构成和布置....................................................................................6
1.1.4采光和通风............................................................................................7
1.1.5主要立面和出入口的考虑....................................................................7
1.1.6防火及安全............................................................................................7
1.1.7各部分工程构造....................................................................................8
1.2结构方案论述.................................................................................................9
1.2.1基本资料.......................................................................................................9
1.2.2结构形式和基础形式...................................................................................9
1.2.3结构尺寸及采用的材料.............................................................................10
1.2.4荷载种类及其组合.....................................................................................11
1.2.5计算方法.....................................................................................................11
第2章荷载计算.......................................................................................................12
2.1荷载汇集及截面尺寸的选取.......................................................................12
2.1.1截面尺寸选取.....................................................................................12
2.1.2荷载汇集..............................................................................................13
2.2计算简图及层数划分....................................................................................15
2.3各层重力荷载代表值计算...........................................................................15
第3章水平地震作用下的框架内力分析...............................................................17
3.1基本资料.......................................................................................................17
3.2水平地震作用下的框架内力.......................................................................17
3.2.1梁线刚度..............................................................................................17
3.2.2柱的线刚度..........................................................................................17III
3.2.3柱的侧移刚度D..................................................................................18
3.2.4水平地震作用分析（采用底部剪力法）..........................................19
第4章风荷载作用下框架内力分析.......................................................................25
4.1风荷载作用下的楼层剪力...........................................................................25
4.2风荷载作用下框架内力................................................................................26
4.2.1柱端剪力..............................................................................................26
4.2.2柱端弯矩..............................................................................................26
4.2.3梁端弯矩..............................................................................................26
4.2.4风荷载作用下的框架梁内力..............................................................27
第5章竖向荷载作用下的内力分析.......................................................................28
5.1竖向荷载计算...............................................................................................28
5.1.1荷载传递路线......................................................................................28
5.1.2恒载：
..................................................................................................28
5.1.3活荷载：
..............................................................................................30
5.2框架内力计算.............................................................................................31
5.2.1梁固端弯矩：
......................................................................................31
5.2.2内力分配系数计算..............................................................................31
5.2.3弯矩分配与传递：
..............................................................................32
5.2.4柱轴力.................................................................................................39
第6章荷载组合及最不利内力确定.......................................................................42
6.1基本组合公式...............................................................................................42
6.1.1框架梁内力组合公式..........................................................................42
6.1.2框架柱内力组合公式..........................................................................42
6.2梁的内力组合................................................................................................43
6.3柱的内力组合.............................................................................................48
第7章框架结构配筋计算.......................................................................................52
7.1框架梁配筋计算...........................................................................................52
7.1.1截面尺寸..............................................................................................52
7.1.2材料强度..............................................................................................52
7.1.3配筋率..................................................................................................52
7.1.4计算公式..............................................................................................52IV
7.1.5具体配筋计算......................................................................................53
7.2框架柱配筋计算...........................................................................................56
7.2.1截面尺寸..............................................................................................56
7.2.2材料强度..............................................................................................56
7.2.3框架柱端弯矩和剪力调整..................................................................56
第8章基础设计.......................................................................................................61
8.1基础截面尺寸确定........................................................................................61
8.2初步选择基础高度........................................................................................62
8.3变阶处抗冲切验算........................................................................................62
8.4配筋计算...........................................................................
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