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江苏专转本英语真题及答案
2021江苏专转本英语真题及答案
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江苏省2021年普通高校专转本统一英语考试
第一卷〔共100分〕
PartIReadingComprehension(共20题,每题2分,共40分)
PassageOne
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
AmericanresearchershavedevelopedatechniquethatmaybecomeanimportanttoolinfightingAIDS.ThetechniquestopstheAIDSvirusfromattackingitstarget-cellsinthebody'sdefensesystem.WhenAIDSvirusenterstheblood,itsearchesforbloodcellscalledT4lymphocytes〔淋巴细胞〕.ThevirusconnectstotheoutsideofT4lymphocytes,thenforcesitswayinside.Thereitdirectsthecells'genetic〔基因的〕materialtoproducecopiesoftheAIDSvirus.ThisishowAIDSspreads.ResearchersthinktheymaybeabletostopAIDSfromspreadingbypreventingvirusfromconnectingtoT4cells.WhenAIDSvirusfindsaT4cell,itactuallyconnectstoapartofthecellcalledCD4protein.ResearcherswanttofoolthevirusbyputtingcopiesorclonesoftheCD4proteinintotheblood.ThiswaytheAIDSviruswillconnecttotheclonedproteininsteadoftherealones.Scientistsusethegeneticengineeringmethodstomaketheclones.NormallyaCD4proteinremainsontheT4cellatalltimes.TheAIDSvirusmustgotoit.Inanewtechnique,however,theclonedCD4proteinisnotconnectedtoacell.Itfloatsfreely,somanymorecanbeputintothebloodtokeeptheAIDSvirusawayfromrealCD4proteinsonT4cells.OnereportsaystheAIDSvirusconnectstotheclonedproteinsjustaseffectivelyastorealprotein.Thatreportwasbasedontestswithbloodcellsgrowninlabs.Thetechniqueisjustnowbeginningtobetestedinanimals.Ifsuccessful,itmaybetestedinhumanswithinayear.
1.Thenewtechniquecan________.
A.cureAIDSB.killtheAIDSvirus
C.preventtheAIDSvirusfromspreadingD.producenewmedicinesforAIDS
2.WhentheAIDSvirusenterstheblood,itisreproducedby________.
A.theinsideofthevirusitselfB.anybloodcellsinthebody
C.theCD4proteinD.thegeneticmaterialofT4cells
3TheAIDSvirusconnectstoclonedproteinsinsteadoftotherealonesbecause________.
A.theclonedproteinsstayontheT4cells
B.theclonedproteinscanfloatfreelyintheblood
C.itconnectstoclonedproteinsmoreeffectivelythantotherealones
D.theclonedproteinsaremadebygeneticengineeringmethods
4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
A.Thenewtechniquehasbeentestedinlabs.B.Thenewtechniqueisbeingtestedinanimals.
C.Thenewtechniquemaybetestedinhumans.D.Thenewtechniqueisnowunderclinicaltest.
5Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?
A.AIDS---aFatalDisease.B.ANewTechniqueinfightingAIDS.
C.AReportontheSpreadofAIDSVirus.D.TheTechniqueofClonedCD4Protein.
PassageTWO
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Duringtheearlyearsoflastcentury,wheatwasseenastheverylifebloodofWesternCanada.Whenthecropsweregood,theeconomywasgood;whenthecropsfailed,therewasdepression.Peopleoncitystreetswatchedtheyieldsandthepriceofwheatwithalmostasmuchfeelingasiftheyweegrowers.Themarketingofwheatbecameanincreasinglyfavoritetopicofconversation.
Warsetthestageforthemostdramaticeventsinmarketingthewesterncrop.Foryears,farmersmistrustedspeculative〔投机的〕grainsellingascarriedonthroughtheWinnipegGrainExchange.Wheatpricesweregenerallylowintheautumn,butfarmerscouldnotwaitformarketstoimprove.Ithadhappenedtoooftenthattheysoldtheirwheatsoonafterharvestwhenfarmdebtswerecomingdue(到期),onlytoseepricesrisingandspeculatorsgettingrich.Onvariousoccasions,producergroupsaskedforfirmercontrols,butgovernmentshadnowishtobecomeinvolved,atleastnotuntilwartimewheatpricesthreatenedtorunwild.Anxioustocheck(控制)inflation(通货膨胀)andrisinglivingcosts,thefederalgovernmentappointedaboard(董事会)ofgrainsupervisorstohandledeliveriesfromthecropsof1917and1918.GrainExchangetradingwassuspended(暂停)andfarmerssoldatpricesfixedbytheboard.Tohandlethecropof1919,thegovernmentappointedthefirstCanadianWheatBoard,withfullauthoritytobuy,sell,andsetprices.
6.Theauthorusestheterm“lifeblood〞(Line1,para1.)toindicatethatwheatwas_______.
A.difficulttoproduceinlargequantitiesB.waseasilyaffectedbyanimalsandplants
C.essentialtothehealthofthecountryD.expensivetogatherandtransport
7.Accordingtothepassage,mostfarmers’debtshadtobepaid__________.A.whentheautumnharvesthadjustbeencompleted
B.becausewheatpriceswerehigh
C.assoonastheWinnipegGrainExchangedemandedpaymentD,whencropfailurecauseddepression
8.Accordingtothepassage,wheatpricesbecameuncontrolledbecauseofconditionscausedby_____.
A.farmersB.supervisorsC.weatherD.war
9.Theword“check〞(Line1,Para.3)couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?
A.controlB.investigateC.financeD.reinforce
10.Accordingtothepassage,apreliminarystepinthecreationoftheCanadianWheatBoardwastheappointmentof______.
A.theWinnipegGrainExchangeB.aboardofsupervisors
C.severalproducergroupsD.anewgovernment
PassageThree
Questions10to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
YellowstoneParkisvisitedbytwomillionpeopleeverysummerandistheoldest,largestandmostvisitedwildernessintheworld.Allarewelcomeandareinvitedonarrivaltoleavetheircarsandexploreonfoot.Yellowstone,anationalparkforever100years,liesintheStateofWyoming,totheeastoftheRockyMountain.ItisalsointhecenteroftheNorthAmericancontinent,midwaybetweentheequatorandtheNorthPole,ataheightofover2300meters.Theverycoldwinterinthisareaclosestheparkaroundmid-NovemberandlastsuntilAprilorevenMay.InFebruarythe
temperaturefallsaslowas60Fdegreebelowfreezing,andtheanimalsthatspendwinterintheparkarebestabletoliveintheconditionssuchasbison,wapiti,beaversandotters.Fortunately,theareaaroundthehotspringsandgeysersbecomesacentrallyheatedoasis(绿洲)inthedesertofsnow,providingwarmthandacertainmountoffoodfortheanimals.Bisonusedtogoaroundtheplainsintheirmillionsuntiltheywerehuntedalmosttoextinction(灭绝)bywhitemenwithguns.In1900onlytwodozenofthemremainedinthepark.However,sincetheybecomeaprotectedanimal,theirnumbershaverisentoovertwothousand.Theendofwinteristhemostdangeroustimefortheanimalsasfoodbecomesevenlessandtheytakegreatrisks(冒险)tofindit,suchaswalkingacrossthinice.Thisperiodisknownas“winterkill〞,whenmanyoftheweakandtheolddie,oftenfrombeingtootiredout,thusprovidingfoodforscavengerssuchasthecoyote(akindofwolf).Withthearrivalofsummer,plantsreappearandtheanimalsfillthemselveswithrichfood.Theyounggrowstrongandthetouristsreturntoenjoythewarmthor4monthsbeforeYellowstoneParkfreezesoveragain.
11Bisonusedtogoindanger.Withtheprotection,thenumberis________now.
A.fallingdownB.goingupC.stayingthesameD.becomingless
12TheRockyMountainsare_____________
A.inthecenterofWyomingB.tothewestofYellowstonePark
C.inthenorthofYellowstoneParkD.totheeastofYellowstonePark
13WhichofthefollowingisNOTananimal?
A.otterB.beaverC.geysersD.coyote
14.Attheendofthe19thcentury_______________.
A.bisonranaroundtheplainsintheirmillionsB.bisonwerehuntedalmosttoextinction
C.bisonbecameakindofprotectedanimalD.theirnumberrosemorethan200
15.Fromthetext,wecanknowthat“scavengersinthelastparagraphare_______________
A.animalswhichfeedonotherdeadanimals
B.placeswherewatercomesnaturallyfromtheground
C.birdswhichliveingrassseedsD.animalswhichalwayseatasmuchaspossible
PassageFour
Questions15to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Whatisyourfavoritecolor?
Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?
Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist(乐观者),aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoylife,peopleandexcitement.Doyouprefergraysandblues?
Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shyandyouwouldratherfollowthanlead.Ifyoulovegreen,youarestrong-mindedanddetermined.Youwishtosucceedandwantotherpeopletoseeyouaresuccessful.Atleastthisiswhatpsychologist(心理学家)tellusandtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolorpreference,andtheeffectthatcolorshaveonhumanbeings.Theytellusthatwedon’tchooseourfavouritecoloraswegrowup.Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidsoassoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.Ayellowroommakesusfeelmorecheerfulandmorecomfortablethanadarkgreenone,andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing(压抑).Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.Itisafactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harderandhavefeweraccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackordarkgray.Remember,then,thatifyoufeellow,youcanalwaysbrightenyourdayoryourlifewithanewshirtorafewcolorfulthings.Rememberalsothatyouwillknowyourfriendsandyourenemiesbetterwhenyoufindoutwhatcolorstheylikeanddislike.Anddon’tforgetthatanyonecanguessalotaboutyourcharacterwhenyouchooseapieceofhandkerchieforalampshade.
16.Fromthispassagewelearnthatanactivepersonwouldpreferthosecolors________.
A.red,greenandyellowB.gray,blueordarkC.orange,yelloworredD.