动词不定式精讲精练.docx

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动词不定式精讲精练.docx

动词不定式精讲精练

动词不定式精讲精练

一不定式的体

1.不定式的一般式(todo)表示不定式的.动作将要发生或与谓语动作同时发生.

Heseemstoknowthis.

Ihopetoseeyouagain.=IhopethatI'llseeyouagain. 我希望再见到你。

2不定式的进行体(tobedoing)表示不定式的动作正在发生.

I'msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.

 Heseemstohavecaughtacold.

不定式的完成体(tohavedone)表示不定式的动作在谓语动作之前发生.

Heiswellknowntohaveinventedthesteamengine.

二不定式的逻辑主语

1不定式的逻辑主语常不出现在句中.

2句子的主语,宾语有时是不定式的逻辑主语.

3不定式前"for+名词/代词"结构中的名词或代词也可以用来表示不定式的;逻辑主语.

4在"It+be+形容词+of+名词/代词+todo"结构中,名词或代词为不定式的逻辑主语.该结构中的形容词通常用来表示人的品质.例如:

kind,good,nice,bad,cruel,honest,bold,thoughtful,right,wrong,wise,clever,silly,foolish,careless,rude等.

例如:

It'sverykindofyoutocaltotellmeabouttheconference.

三不定式的否定式

不定式否定式由not/never+todo构成

四不定式的句法功能

1不定式做主语

1)Tosaysomethingisonething;todoitisanother.

2)Itisnotagoodideatobuildhousesalongthelineswheretwooftheearth'splatesjointogether.

注:

充当主语的不定式即可置于句首,位于谓语动词之前,也可作为句子的真正主语置于句末,用作形式主语.

2不定式作表语

3)Heruncleseemstobeactingratherstrangelytowardsherthesedays.

4)Thepurposeofthefenceistokeepoutatypeofwilddogcalleda"Dingo".

5)Onesuggestedanswerisforfarmerstolimitthenumberoftheircattle.

注:

充当表语的不定式一般位于be,seem等系动词后.

3不定式作宾语

6)ShylockagreedtolendAntoniomoneyononecondition.

注:

充当宾语的不定式位于及物动词后.常用不定式作宾语的动词有:

agree,plan,determine,dare,refuse,hope,wish,expect,promise,choose,pretend,decide,manage,intend,offer,afford,demand.

7)Thedustyairmakesitdifficulttogetaclearpictureofspace.

注:

充当宾语的不定式如果有自己的表语,则可用代替只个不定式作为形式宾语,而作为真正宾语的不定式则放在表语之后.以it作为形式宾语的这种结构常用在think,feel,find,make,consider等动词之后.

bigandstrong.

4不定式作宾语补足语

8)Thepowdermadefromfish,bloodandboneswillmakethecabbageplantsgrowbigandstrong.

9)PortiatoldBassaniotogotohisfriendatonce.

注:

在下列动词后作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to.这些动词是observe,notice,see,hear,watch,have,feel,make,let.但上述动词转换为被动语态时,其后的不定式须带to.例如:

Thecabbageplantswillbemadetogrow。

5.不定式作状语

Tocarryoutthepromise“NewBeijing,NewOlympics”,actionspeakslouderthanwords.

Theycrazyhurriedtotheairport,onlytofindtheirfavoritefanshadalreadyleft.

6.不定式做定语

Ihadalotofhomeworktotoday.

Thereisstillsomewaytogobeforegettingtothedestination.

动词不定式

  专项练习

1.Theteachertoldthem________makesomuchnoise.

  A.don’t  B.not  C.willnot  D.notto

  2.Ourmasteroftentoldus_______thingsforgranted.

  A.nottohave    B.nottotake

  C.didn’ttake    D.nottomake

  3.Tellhim_______thewindow.

  A.toshutnot    B.nottoshut

  C.tonotshut   D.notshut

  4.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______.

  A.notto  B.nottodo  C.notdoit  D.donotto

  5.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter________afterdrinking.

  A.nevertodrive    B.toneverdrive

  C.neverdriving    D.neverdrive

  6.Thepatientwaswarned_______oilyfoodaftertheoperation.

  A.toeatnot  B.eatingnot  C.nottoeat  D.noteating

  7.Theworkerswantus________togetherwiththem.

  A.work  B.working  C.towork  D.worked

  8.Theywouldnotallowhim________acrosstheenemyline.

  A.toriskgoing    B.riskingtogo

  C.forrisktogo    D.riskgoing

  9.Isawhim_______outoftheroom.

  A.go  B.hadgone  C.hasgone  D.goes

  10.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_______upfromchildhood.

  A.grow  B.grew  C.wasgrowing  D.togrow

  11.I’veheardhim_______aboutyouoften.

  A.spoke  B.speaks  C.speak

  12.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_______,todayhewasmade______byhislittlesister.

  A.cry;tocry    B.crying;crying

  C.cry;cry      D.tocry;cry

  13.Hewasmade_________.

  A.go  B.gone  C.going  D.togo

  14.Johnwasmade_______thetruckforaweekasapunishment.

  A.towash  B.washing  C.wash  D.tobewashing

  15.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade_______.Healwaysworkshard.

  A.learn  B.tolearn  C.learned  D.learning

  16.There’resomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan’tmakeupmymind_______tobuy.

  A.what  B.which  C.how  D.where

  17.Thereisn’tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_________.

  A.wheretochoose    B.whichtochoose

  C.tochoosewhat    D.tochoosewhich

  18.“Haveyoudecidedwhen________?

  “Yes,tomorrowmorning.”

  A.toleave       B.tobeleaving

  C.willyouleave    D.areyouleaving

  19.LastsummerItookacourseon________.

  A.howtomakedresses      B.howdressesbemade

  C.howtobemadedresses    D.howdressestobemade

  20.Hedoesn’tknow______tostayornot.

  A.whether  B.if  C.either  D.ifhewill

  21.Shepretended_______mewhenIpassedby.

  A.nottosee    B.notseeing

  C.tonotsee    D.havingnotseen

  22.---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.

    ---Oh,Iforgot_______.

  A.turningitoff    B.turnitoff

  C.toturnitoff    D.havingturneditoff

  23.Weagreed_________herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.

  A.havingmet  B.meeting  C.tomeet  D.tohavemet

  24.LittleJimshouldlove_______tothetheatrethisevening.

  A.tobetaken  B.totake  C.beingtaken  D.taking

  25.Iwouldlove______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.

  A.togo  B.tohavegone  C.going  D.havinggone

  26.Frankisthekindofpersonwhopeopleliketo________.

  A.makefriendwith    B.makefriendsof

  C.makefriends     D.makefriendswith

  27.Goon________theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.

  A.todo  B.doing  C.with  D.tobedoing

  28.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_______onabigrockbythesideofthepath.

  A.tohaverested  B.resting  C.torest  D.rest

  29.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident________losehisjob.

  A.sonotasto    B.soasnotto

  C.soastonot    D.notsoasto

  30.Ineedadayortwo________.

  A.tothinkitover  B.tothinkover  C.ofthinking

  31.Hewastooexcited_________.

  A.speak  B.tospeak  C.nottospeak  D.speaking

  32.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered________thefirstcomputer.

  A.toinvent       B.inventing

  C.tohaveinvented   D.havinginvented

  33.Hesaidhewouldrathernot_______itrightnow.

  A.doing  B.todo  C.do  D.tobedoing

  34.Ratherthan_______onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_______abicycle.

  A.ride;ride     B.riding;ride

  C.ride;toride    D.toride;riding

  35.It’sfreezingoutside.You_______putonyourovercoat.

  A.hadbetterto    B.hadbetter

  C.wouldbetter     D.wouldbetterto

  36.Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_______.

  A.sit  B.siton  C.besit  D.besaton

  37.I’mhungry.Getmesomething_________.

  A.eat  B.toeat  C.eating  D.foreating

  38.---Iusuallygotherebytrain.

    ---Whynot_______byboatforachange?

  A.totrygoing    B.tryingtogo

  C.totryandgo    D.trygoing

  39.Shedidnothing_______atthephoto.

  A.exceptlook      B.buttolook

  C.excepttolook    D.butlooking

  40.Iaskedhimto_______meafewminutessothatwecouldgooveralltheproblems.

  A.spend  B.spare  C.save  D.share

  41.Theywon’tlettheirteacher_______inthatway.

  A.tobetreated    B.beingtreated

  C.treated       D.betreated

  42.John,youmustgetyourroom________afterbreakfast.

  A.tobecleaned    B.toclean

  C.cleaning       D.cleaned

  43.Theproblem_______attomorrow’smeetingisaverydifficultone.

  A.beingdiscussed    B.discussed

  C.tobediscussed    D.todiscuss

  44.Hereachedthestation_____only_____thatthetrainhadjustleft.

  A.tired;learned      B.tiring;learning

  C.totire;tolearn    D.tired;tolearn

  45.---Didthatbookgivetheinformationyouneeded?

    ---Yes,but______,wehadtoreaditalmostentirely.

  A.forfindingit    B.tofindit

  C.findingit      D.byfindingit

  46.I’msorryIforgot______yourdictionary.Let’sborrowonefromLiMing.

  A.totake  B.taking  C.tobring  D.bringing

  47.Shecouldn’tdecidewhichrestaurant_______.

  A.tohavelunch    B.toeat

  C.toeatat      D.eatingat

  48.Thisproblemissaid_____threetimes.

  A.tohavebeentalked     B.tohavediscussed

  C.havingbeendiscussed    D.tohavebeentalkedabout

  49.Everybodybelievedtheman______awaythediamondring.

  A.betaken  B.taking  C.totake  D.tohavetaken

  50.Iprefer____ratherthan______.

  A.read;watch       B.toread;watch

  C.reading;towatch    D.toread;towatch

  答案:

   1-5DBBAA   6-10CCAAA  11-15CADAB  16-20BBAAA

  21-25ACCAB  26-30DACBA  31-35BCCCB  36-40BBDAB

  41-45DDCDB  46-50CCDDB     

  解析:

  1.tellsb.nottodosth告诉某人不做某事

  2.takesthforgranted“把某事想当然”,是一个固定词组。

Eg.Youshouldn’ttakeitforgrantedthateveryoneshouldhelpyou.你不要认为每个人都理应帮助你。

  4.不定式的省略要保留到to,否则就完整地表达,如:

…buthismothertoldhimnottodoso.

  5.warnsbnottodosth.此处用never替代not.

  8.allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事;riskdoingsth冒险做某事

  9.seesbdosth看见某人做某事

  12.makesbdo让某人做某事,但用于被动结构后,则要用不定式符号to连接。

  16.which用于有范围中的“哪一个”,此处作buy的宾语。

  18.when+todo做decide的宾语,若用when引导宾语从句,用陈述句语序。

  21.pretendtodo假装做某事。

  22.forgett

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