届高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习11阅读理解 推理判断一.docx

届高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习11阅读理解 推理判断一.docx

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届高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习11阅读理解推理判断一

阅读理解：

推理判断

（一）

A

Ifyouarelikemoststudents,youprobablysitstillwhilelearninganewlanguage.However,sittingstillmaynotalwaysbethebestwaytolearn.Englishlearnerscanimprovetheirlanguageskillsthroughmovement,saysTamaraJones.SheworksattheEnglishLanguageCenteratHowardCommunityCollegeinMaryland.

So,whatistherelationshipbetweenphysicalmovementandthebrain?

Theideaisthatthebrainandthebodyarejoinedtogether.Thismeansthatoneaffectstheother.

Manypeoplearefamiliarwiththeideathatthebraintellsthebodytomove.Andmanypeoplearefamiliarwiththeideathatrepeatinganactionoverandoveragainhelpsyourbraintoremember.However,someresearch,suchasastudybyMorsellaandKrauss,suggeststhatyourbodymighthelpyourbraintofindmemories.Specifically,movementswemakewithourbody,suchashandgestures,mayhelpustorememberandusethecorrectwords.

Thisideaispartofthereasonwhyexpertsonlearningstrategies,whicharewaystoimprovethelearningprocess,suggestusingmovements.Onelearningapproach,theCognitiveAcademicLanguageLearningApproach,orCALLA,callstheuseofmovements“UsingYourKinesthetic（动觉的）Sense”．

Beyondhelpingthebraintofindmemories,movementsalsoaidinlearning,saysTamaraJones.“There'salotofresearchthatsuggestswhatyoudowithyourbody,yourememberwithyourbrain.Andalso,alotofthesephysicalmovementswillencourageusinclassorinlife,whenwearepracticingonourown,torepeatandrepeatandrepeatthewordaswearedoingthephysicalmovement,andthisalsohelpsusremembertheword.”

语篇解读：

本文是一篇说明文。

研究表明，动起来有益于语言学习，也就是说大脑和肢体的结合有助于语言技能的提高。

1．WhydoestheauthorrefertoMorsellaandKrauss?

A．Tomeasuretheirachievement.

B．ToproveJones'opinionright.

C．Tointroducethethemeofthepassage.

D．Topresentacommonlyheldidea.

解析：

选B　推理判断题。

根据文章第一段中的“Englishlearnerscanimprovetheirlanguageskillsthroughmovement”以及第三段中的“astudybyMorsellaandKrauss,suggeststhatyourbodymighthelpyourbraintofindmemories...andusethecorrectwords.”可知，Morsella和Krauss的观点是肢体可能有助于人们找寻记忆，记起并准确地使用单词，与文章首段中TamaraJones的观点是一致的。

因此作者提到这两个人是为了证明TamaraJones的观点是正确的。

故选B项。

2．Howcanphysicalmovementsaffectone'slearning?

A．Byshorteningtherepeatingprocess.

B．Bymotivatingthebraintorememberthings.

C．Byhelpingonetostudyinarelaxedstate.

D．Byenablingonetouseadvancedwords.

解析：

选B　推理判断题。

根据文章第三段中的“movementswemakewithourbody,suchashandgestures,mayhelpustorememberandusethecorrectwords”并结合最后一段的内容可知，肢体运动有助于刺激大脑进行记忆，由此可知选项B正确。

3．WhichstatementmayTamaraJonesagreewith?

A．Knowledgestartswithpractice.

B．Thebodycancontrolthebraindeeply.

C．Movementshelpthebrainworkbetter.

D．Languagelearnersmustbemoreactive.

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段的内容，尤其是“Beyondhelpingthebraintofindmemories,movementsalsoaidinlearning”可知，TamaraJones的观点应是身体运动能帮助大脑更好地工作，有助于提高英语学习者的语言技能。

因此选项C正确。

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthelastparagraphmean?

A．PracticingEnglishonyourown.

B．Speakingthewordagainandagain.

C．Graspinganeffectivelearningstrategy.

D．Repeatingwordswhilemovingyourbody.

解析：

选D　代词指代题。

根据最后一段中的“torepeatandrepeatandrepeatthewordaswearedoingthephysicalmovement,andthisalsohelpsusremembertheword”可知，this指代的应是最后一个and前的内容，即当我们在做身体运动时不断地重复单词。

故选D项。

B

IamanEnglishdictionary.Icanstillrememberthedaymyexownerboughtme.Hehadstoodinfrontoftheshelfforaroundhalfanhourbeforefinallypickingme.Originally,hechosemyneighbor.Butbecauseshehadsomeinkonthecover,heputherdownandchosemeinstead.

Imaysoundarrogant（傲慢的）.Butpleaseforgiveme.Iamsoproudofmyvocabulary.With100,000entriesand300,000examples,Ithinknoscholarcanbemoreknowledgeablethanme.MyonlyweaknessisthatIcan'tspeak.Butthatisnotmyfault.Iwasnotdesignedtospeakinthefirstplace.Myexownerwassupposedtoreadthephoneticsymbols（音标）clearlyprintedbesideeachword,whichwerealsomysellingpoint.Ishouldhavebeenrespectedbuthaveendeduplyingnexttoapieceofusedtoiletpaperinsidetherubbishbin.

Itisallbecauseoftheelectronicdictionary.Heisabadguybecausehetakesadvantageofmyweakness.AndIjustdon'tunderstandwhyhecanbesoslim.Healsohasabout100,000entriesbut450,000examples!

ButIknowthiswasnotthereasonwhymyexownerwasattracted,forhewasnotaverydiligentstudentandseldomreadtheexampleslisted.Themainreasonwasthatthebadguyhadsomanygamesinhim.Myexowneralwayspretendedtobeworkinghardwhileactuallyhewasplayinggames.

MyexownerputmeonhisbookshelfbecauseofmyawesomeEnglishnameAdvancedEnglishDictionary.Hewantedpeopletothinkthathewasanadvancedlearner.Iwantedtotellhimthatitwouldbebetterifhehidthecomicbookstandingnexttome.But,youknow,Ican'tspeak.Istoodthereforyears.Iwassobored.SoItalkedtothecomicbooknexttome.Undernormalcircumstances,Iwouldn'thavetalkedtohimbecauseIwaseducatedandhewasnot.ButwhoelsecouldIchoose?

Hetoldmethatmyexownerhadreadhimonceonlyandthenputhimthere.Iwasupsetbecausehehadneverreadmefrompageonetopage1,000.WasInotabetterbookthanthecomicbook?

IwantedtochallengehishonestybutbeforeIdidso,hewasthrownaway.

Igiveup.Mypagesareabsorbingwastewater.Thereisnowaypeoplewillusemeagain.Suddenly,Iwanttotalktothecomicbook.Wouldhetalktomeifwemet?

篇章导读：

本文是一篇记叙文。

文章以第一人称和拟人的写作手法，生动地记叙了一本高级英语词典的经历。

1．Whydoesthedictionarythinkthattheelectronicdictionaryisa“badguy”?

A．Itcontainsmorewordsandexamples.

B．Itcanactuallypronouncethewords.

C．Ithasasmallersize.

D．Ithasmanygames.

答案：

B　细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“Heisabadguybecausehetakesadvantageofmyweakness.”可知，这本词典认为电子词典是个坏家伙，因为电子词典利用了它的弱点。

联系第二段第五句“MyonlyweaknessisthatIcan'tspeak.”可知，这本词典的唯一弱点是不会发声。

也就是说因为电子词典能读出单词，所以这本词典把它称为一个坏家伙。

故选B。

2．Thedictionarythinksthatitsexownerputitonthebookshelfbecausehe________.

A．thoughtthatitcouldmatchthecomicbook

B．wantedhisfriendstostudyEnglish

C．justwantedtoshowoff

D．hadtouseitsometimes

答案：

C　推理判断题。

根据第四段第一、二句“MyexownerputmeonhisbookshelfbecauseofmyawesomeEnglishnameAdvancedEnglishDictionary.Hewantedpeopletothinkthathewasanadvancedlearner.”可知，这本词典的前主人把它放在书架上只是为了炫耀。

故选C。

3．Whatwasthedictionary'sattitudetowardthecomicbookstandingnexttoit?

A．Itwantedtomakefriendswithhim.

B．Itrespectedhim.

C．Itlookeddownuponhim.

D．Ithatedhim.

答案：

C　推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段中的“Iwouldn'thavetalkedtohimbecauseIwaseducatedandhewasnot”（我本不会和漫画书说话的，因为我受过教育而它没有）和“WasInotabetterbookthanthecomicbook？

”（难道比起这本漫画书来，我不是一本更好的书吗）可知，这本词典很轻视漫画书。

故选C。

4．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．Adictionaryisreplacedwithanelectronicone

B．Studentsseldomusedictionaries

C．Adictionaryandacomicbook

D．Theexperienceofadictionary

答案：

D　标题判断题。

阅读短文可知，这篇文章以第一人称讲述了一本词典的经历。

故选项D最适合作本文标题。

C

AlbertEinsteinhadagreateffectonscienceandhistory,andhisachievementwasevengreaterthanonlyafewothergreatscientistshaveachieved.AnAmericanuniversitypresidentoncesaidthatEinsteinhadmadeanewoutlook,anewviewoftheuniverse.Itmaybesometimebeforetheaveragemindunderstandsfullytheidentity（特性）oftimeandspaceandsoon—butevenordinarymennowunderstandthattheuniverseissomethinglargerthaneverthoughtbefore.

By1914youngEinsteinhadbeenworldfamous.HeacceptedtheoffertobecomeaprofessoratthePrussianAcademyofScienceinBerlin.Hehadfewduties,littleteachingandunlimitedchancesforstudy,butsoonhispeaceandquietnesswerebrokenbyWorldWarⅠ.

Einsteinhatedfightingandkilling.Thegreatsufferingofwaraffectedhimdeeply,andhesatunhappilyinhisofficedoinglittle.Helostinterestinhisresearch.Onlywhenpeacecamein1918washeabletogetbacktowork.

IntheyearfollowingWorldWarI,honourswereincreasinglyputonhim.HebecameheadoftheKaiserWhihemInstituteofTheoreticalPhysics.Buthehimselfrefusedtheefforttoputhiminapositionfaraboveotherpeople.Hewaswellknownforhishumble（谦逊的）manner.Heoftensaidthathissuccesswouldcertainlyhavebeenachievedbyothersifhehadneverlived.

In1921hewontheNobelPrize,andhewashonouredinGermanyuntiltheriseofNazism（纳粹）whenhewasdrivenfromGermanybecausehewasaJew.

篇章导读：

本文是一篇人物传记。

文章简要介绍了著名科学家爱因斯坦的事迹，及其对科学和历史产生的巨大影响及其重大贡献。

1．Themainideaofthefirstparagraphis________.

A．thedifficultyofEinstein'sthoughttoothers

B．thefeelingofanAmericanuniversitypresidenttowardsEinstein

C．thedifferencebetweenscienceandhistory

D．thechangeinhumanthoughtproducedbyEinstein

答案：

D　段落大意题。

第一段讲述了爱因斯坦对科学和历史产生了巨大影响，同时也使人们的思想产生了巨大的变化。

2．ItseemstotheAmericanuniversitypresidentthat________.

A．Einsteinachievedmorethananyotherscientistinhistory

B．everybodyunderstandsEinstein'sscientificideas

C．thenewviewoftheuniversecanbequicklylearnedbyeveryone

D．ourideasabouttheuniversearedifferenttodaybecauseofEinstein

答案：

D　推理判断题。

由第一段最后一句可知，爱因斯坦的理论使人们对宇宙的看法发生了转变。

3．Einsteindidhisgreatestwork________.

A．whenNazismrose

B．whenhewasyoung

C．duringWorldWarⅠ

D．afterheleftEurope

答案：

B　推理判断题。

由第三段和最后一段可知爱因斯坦在一战和纳粹时期，几乎没有正常工作，排除A项和C项；本文也没有讲述他离开欧洲以后的科研情况，排除D项；由第二段第一句和最后一段第一句可知，B项所述正确。

4．Fromthepassagewecanknowthat________.

A．Germansusuallyhaveahighrespectforscience

B．Einsteinhadotherinterestsbesidesscience

C．Einsteinwasforcedtoworkagainin1918

D．EinsteinledaquietlifeduringWorld