英语课程标准英文版.docx

英语课程标准英文版.docx

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英语课程标准英文版

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英语课程标准英文版（总20页）

NewEnglishCurriculumforChinesePrimarySchoolsandJunior/SeniorMiddleSchools

ExperimentalVersiondraftedbytheEducationMinistryofthePRC

Noteonthistranslation

ThisEnglishversionofChina’snewcurriculumforEnglishisintendedforVSOvolunteerswhowouldliketofeelbetterinformedaboutadocumentthatiscentraltoourwork.However,itshouldinnowayberegardedasanofficialtranslation.Infact,itisneitherawordforwordtranslationnorasummary.Theappendixtotheoriginal,whichincludeslistsofspecificlanguageitemstobemastered,hasbeenomitted,ashavesomeleveldescriptorsandsamplelearningactivities.Despitetryingtomakeitmorereadable,thisversionreflectstherepetitivenatureoftheoriginal,withthesamekeywordscroppingupoverandoveragain.Volunteersshouldalsorefertothemoreofficial（butstillnotcompletelyofficial!

）translationofthenewEnglishcurriculumspecificallyforseniormiddleschoolsavailablefromtheProgrammeOffice.Anyfeedbackonthisversionwouldbewelcome.

TimMartin

ShaanxiInstituteofEducation,October2005

Part1:

Introduction

Withtheadventoftheinformationageandtheglobaleconomy,Englishhasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Englishisthedominantcarrierofinformationandthemostwidelyspokenlanguageintheworld.ManycountrieshavemadeEnglishacornerstoneofqualityeducationwhendevelopingstrategiesforbasiceducation.

SinceChina’sreformandopening,thescaleofitsEnglisheducationhascontinuallygrown,attendedbysignificantachievementsinteachingandlearning.However,Englisheducationinitscurrentformisfailingtomeettheneedsofcontemporarysocialandeconomicdevelopment.

ThecurrentroundofreformstotheEnglishcurriculumaimtoendthefollowingpractices:

Over-emphasizingthetransmissionandexplanationofknowledgeaboutgrammarandvocabulary

Neglectingtodevelopstudents’abilitytouselanguageforreal

Intheirplace,thereformsaimtoestablishacurriculumthat:

Developsstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence

Motivatesstudents,isrelevanttotheirlifeexperiencesandcognitivelevel

Promotestask-basedteachingmethods

Involvesstudentsinexperiential,practical,participatoryandcooperativelearning

Developsstudents’positiveattitudes,thinkingskills,practicalabilities,culturalawarenessandautonomythroughthelanguagelearningprocess

1.TheNatureoftheNewCurriculum

ThenewEnglishcurriculumstrivestoaccomplishfarmorethanjusthelpstudentslearnEnglish.AtonelevellearningEnglishshouldinvolvehelpingstudentsto:

Developacertainlevelofcomprehensivelanguagecompetenceandtheabilitytouselanguageforrealcommunication

Mastercertainbasiclanguageknowledge

Masterlistening,speaking,readingandwritingskills

However,atanotherlevelthecurriculumshouldalsoservestudents’all-rounddevelopment,providingthemwithopportunitiesto:

StrengthentheirinterestinstudyingEnglish

Growinself-discipline,perseveranceandself-confidence

Improvetheircooperative,investigativeandthinkingabilities

Developtheirmemory,imaginationandcreativity

Adoptgoodstudyhabitsandeffectivelearningstrategies

Developasautonomousandlifelonglearners

Buildmoralintegrityandahealthyoutlookonlife

Establishbothnationalspiritandanawarenessofandrespectforculturaldifferences

Broadentheirhorizonsandenrichtheirlifeexperience

Takepartinculturallife

Developasindividuals

2.BasicPrinciplesoftheNewCurriculum

Thecurriculumpromotesqualityeducation（asopposedtoexam-orientatededucation）andtheall-rounddevelopmentofthestudents

Topromotequalityeducationparticularattentionmustbepaidto:

Valuingeachstudent’sfeelings

Stimulatingstudents’interestinstudyingEnglish

Helpingstudentsgainasenseofachievementandself-confidence

Thecurriculummustgobeyonddevelopingstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetencetoincludeareassuchas:

Improvingstudents’abilitytocontributetoculturalandsociallife

Developingstudents’practicalabilities

Fosteringstudents’creativity

Thecurriculumobjectivesareholisticandflexible.

ThefundamentalaimofthenewEnglishcurriculumistodevelopstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence.Thisaimisbrokendownintofivegeneralobjectives.Theseobjectivesarethendividedintonineabilitylevelswithdescriptorsprovidedforeachlevel.Thefivegeneralobjectivesare:

1.LanguageSkills

2.LanguageKnowledge

3.AttitudestoLearning

4.LearningStrategies

5.CulturalAwareness

Thisdesignallowsstudentstoprogresssystematicallythrougheachlevelwhilstmeetingthefullrangeofthecurriculum’sdemands.

Studentsareputatthecentreofthecurriculumandindividualdifferencesarerespected

Students’mustbeattheheartofthenewcurriculum.Forexample,theirdevelopmentalneedsmustbethecentralconsiderationwhendeveloping:

●Curriculumobjectives

●Theteachingandlearningprocess

●Theassessmentprocess

●Teachingandlearningresources

Whenimplementingthecurriculumeachstudentmustbeallowedtodevelopindividuallyundertheguidanceoftheteacher:

Thecurriculumpromotesactivity-basedmethods,experientialandparticipatorylearning

Thecurriculumpromotestask-basedlearningwhereby,undertheguidanceoftheteacher,thestudentsgainasenseofachievementbyreachingthegoalsofthetask.Taskcompletionwillinvolvethefollowingtypesoflearning:

Sensory

Experiential

‘Handson’/practical

Participatory

Cooperative

Inordertoimprovetheirabilitytouselanguageforrealcommunication,studentsshouldalsobeableto:

●Adjusttheirlearningstrategiesandcontroltheiremotions

●Formpositiveattitudestowardslearning

Thecurriculumrecognizestheimportantroleofformativeassessmentinpromotingstudent’development

Theassessmentsystemshouldcombineformativewithsummativeassessment.Thepurposesofassessmentshouldbeto:

●Promotestudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence

●Encourageandmotivatestudents

●Helpstudentsbecomemoreautonomouslearners

●Benefitstudents’healthypersonaldevelopment

●Giveteachersusefulfeedbackfromwhichtodevelopteachingandlearning

●InformtheongoingdevelopmentandperfectionoftheEnglishcurriculum

FormativeassessmentshouldbeanimportantpartoftheEnglishteachingandlearningprocesswithaparticularemphasison:

●Encouragingstudents’activeparticipationinlearning

●Improvingstudents’self-confidence

Summativeassessmentshouldfocuson:

●Testingstudents’integratedlanguageskills

●Testingstudents’abilitytouselanguage

Thecurriculumexpandstherangeoflearningresourcesandopportunitiesavailable

Thecurriculumshouldstrivetouseanddevelopresourceswhosecontentis:

●Realistic

●Closetothestudents’lives

●Contemporary

●Healthy

●Richandvaried

Activeuseshouldbemadeof:

Audiovisualmaterial

Printmedia

TheInternet

Studentsshouldbeencouragedtotakeresponsibilityforfinding,usinganddevelopinglearningresourcesthemselves.

3.TheCurriculumDesign

Thecurriculumfollowstheinternationalpracticeofdividingthegeneralobjectivesintodifferentabilitylevels.Whendesigningtheseninelevelsconsiderationwasgiventothefollowing:

Thenatureoflanguagedevelopment

Thedifferentneedsofdifferentagegroups

Theneedsofdifferentethnicgroupsandareas

TheeconomicimbalancesthatexistinChina

Theaimistohavedesignedasystemthatisholisticandflexible.

Thecorrespondencebetweenthelevelsystemandthegradesystemisshowninthefollowingdiagram:

PrimarySchool

Worktowards:

Notes

Grade3

Level1

StudentsshouldstartstudyingEnglishinGrade3

Grade4

Level1

Grade5

Level2

Grade6

Level2

Therequiredstandardfortheendofprimaryschool

JuniorMiddleSchool

Worktowards:

Notes

Grade7（=Junior1）

Level3

Grade8（=Junior2）

Level4

Grade9（=Junior3）

Level5

Therequiredstandardfortheendofjuniormiddleschool

SeniorMiddleSchool

Worktowards:

Notes

Senior1

Level6

Senior2

Level7

Senior3

Level8

Therequiredstandardforseniormiddleschoolgraduation

Level9

Anextensionlevelforspecialistschoolsandablestudents

Diagram1:

TheLevelsandtheGrades

Part2:

IntroductiontoTheGeneralObjectives

Thefundamentalaimofthenewcurriculumistodevelopstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence.Thiscomprehensivelanguagecompetenceisachievedthroughthefivegeneralobjectivesasshowninthefollowingdiagram:

2.LanguageKnowledge

●Phonetics

●Vocabulary

●Grammar

●Functions

●Topics

1.LanguageSkills

●Listening

●Speaking

●Reading

●Writing

COMPREHENSIVE

LANGUAGE

COMPETENCE

3.AttitudestoLearning

●Motivationandinterest

●Self-confidenceandperseverance

●Cooperativespirit

●Nationalawareness

●internationalview

5.CulturalAwareness

●Culturalknowledge

●Culturalunderstanding

●Awarenessofandabilityincross-culturalcommunication

4.LearningStrategies

●Cognitivestrategies

●Metacognitivestrategies

●Communicativestrategies

●Resourcestrategies

Diagram2:

TheGeneralObjectives

Afurtherdiagramillustratesthemorecomprehensivenatureofthenewcurriculumcomparedtotheoldone:

NewCurriculum

AttitudestoLearning

LanguageSkills

LanguageKnowledge

LearningStrategies

CulturalAwareness

LanguageKnowledge

OldCurriculum

phonetics

LanguageSkills

vocabulary

grammar

functions

topics

ComprehensiveLanguageCompete