名师整理高考英语专题训练系列 34 阅读理解议论文.docx
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名师整理高考英语专题训练系列34阅读理解议论文
3.4阅读理解议论文-2020年高考英语专题训练系列
(一)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Angerisanemotionthatcanbehardtocontrol.Despitethis,weshouldlearnhowtomanageangerinaconstructivemanner.Inthemostintensemomentsofanger,weusuallyhavetwochoices—tofightortorun.Somechoosetheoptionofviolence,whichisanegativereactiontoanger;andotherschoosetorun.Buttheoptionofwalkingawayandcalmingdownisthemoreproductivemethodofhandlinganger.Itisdifficulttowalkaway,especiallywhenyourheartisracing,andyourangerisboilingover.
Therearesomeotherconstructivewaysofhandlingangerinanysituation.First,youhavetostopforabriefmomentandthinkbeforeyouact.Takethatmomentandcalmdownifyoufeelyourselfbeingpushed.
Atthatmomentyoushouldadmityouareangry.Ifyourefusetoadmityouareangryorhurt,orifyoumakeitappearthateverythingisallright,youarenotmanagingangryinaproductiveway.Youshouldfirstadmityouareangryandletyourfeelingsoutbeforeyoublowup.Forexample,youcanstayinaquietplacebyyourselfandshout;oryoucantalktoclosefriendstopouroutyourrage(愤怒).Ifyoudonotacknowledgeyouranger,itonlybuildsupinsideyouandwilleventuallyexplodelikeavolcano.
Then,inordertomanageyourangry,youcanaskyourselfanimportantquestionthatweallmustaskourselves―Whatmademeangry?
Whenyougettheanswer,andthenaskyourself―Whydidthatmademeangry?
Throughsuchlogicalreasoning,onetendstocalmdownandmovetowardsasensiblesolution.
1.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1isto________.
A.provideanexampleB.makeacomparison
C.introduceanewstatementD.developapreviousstatement
2.Ifpeoplefaceanger,________.
A.theyknowhowtomanageit
B.itisoftenquitehardtogetaway
C.theycanonlychoosetofightortorun
D.theybelieverunningmeansbeingacoward
3.ItcanbeinferredfromPara.3and4that________.
A.onecanhandleangerbyoneselforingroups
B.thefirststepofhandlingangeristocalmdown
C.apersonmayhandleangerbyaskingrandomquestions
D.acknowledgingangerwilldoharmtoaperson’shealth
4.Themainpurposeofthepassageis_______.
A.totellreaderswhatangeris
B.toexplainwhyangerishardtocontrol
C.toshowtheimportanceofhandlinganger
D.tooffertipsonhandlinganger
助读词汇
emotionn.情感
constructiven.建设性的
intenseadj.激烈的
productiveadj.富有成效的
acknowledgevt.承认
explodevi.爆发
sensibleadj.明智的
boilover沸腾;爆发
blowup爆炸
pourout发泄
buildup积累
logicalreasoning逻辑推理
(二)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Thesecrettohappinessiskeepingbusy,researchhasfound.
Keepingthemindoccupiedwithtasks—nomatterhowmeaningless—keepsoffnegativeemotions,thestudyfound.
However,thebadnewsisthathumansareseeminglyborntobelazyinordertosaveenergy,accordingtoProfessorChristopherHsee,abehavioralscientistatChicagoUniversity.
Inastudy,98studentswereaskedtocompletetwosurveys.Aftertheyhadcompletedthefirst,theyweremadetowait15minutestoreceivethenextone.Theyweregivenachoiceofeitherhandinginthefirstsurveynearbyoratamoredistantlocationtheyhadtowalkto.Whicheveroptiontheychose,theyreceivedachocolatebar.Itturnedoutthatapproximatelytwo-thirds(68students)chosethelazyoption.Thosewhohadtakenthewalkreportedfeelinghappierthanthosewhohadstayedput.
Prof.Hseeconcludedthatkeepingbusyhelpedkeeppeoplehappy.Hesaidthefindings,reportedinthejournalPsychologicalScience,hadpolicyimplications.
“Governmentsmayincreasethehappinessofidle(闲散的)citizensbyhavingthembuildbridgesthatareactuallyuseless”,heproposed.
Attheindividuallevel,headvised,“Getupanddosomething.Anything.Eveniftherereallyisnopointtowhatyouaredoing,youwillfeelbetterforit.”Headded,“Incidentally,thinkingdeeplyorengaginginself-reflectioncountsaskeepingbusy,too.
“Youdonotneedtoberunningaround.Youjustneedtobeengaged,eitherphysicallyormentally.”
1.Keepingbusycanmakepeoplehappybecause.
A.itcanhelppeoplegetridoflaziness
B.itcanmakepeoplesleepbetter
C.itcanhelpgetridofnegativeemotions
D.itcangivepeopleasenseofachievement
2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Thefindingmaycontributetopolitics.
B.TheofficialshavetakenProf.Hsee’sadvice.
C.Inthestudyhalfstudentshandedinthefirstsurveynearby.
D.Governmentscanincreasecitizens’happinessbybuildingbridges.
3.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Everybodyisborntobelazy.
B.Onlybykeepworkingallthetimecanyougainhappiness.
C.Prof.Hsee’sfindingwaspublishedinPsychologicalScience.
D.Keepingbusycanaddtothepossibilityofbeinghappy.
4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?
A.Toexplainwhathappinessis.
B.Toadvisepeoplenottositaround.
C.Toadvisepeopletodowhattheyliketo.
D.Toshowpeoplehowtotakelifecorrectly.
助读词汇
behavioraladj.行为的
approximatelyadv.大约
proposevt.建议
individualadj.个人的
self-reflectionn.反省
occupiedwith忙于
keepoff避开
negativeemotion负面情绪
stayput留在原处不动
policyimplication政策意义
(三)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Toooftenweaccuseothersofnotlistening,pretendingthatweourselvesarefaultless,yetweknowthatmanyofthemistakeswemakecomeaboutbecausewehaven’tlistenedcarefullyenough.Wegetthingswrongbecausewehaven’tquiteunderstoodwhatsomeonemeantwhentheyweretalkingtous.Anyonewhohasevertakentheminutesofalongmeetingwillknowhowhardit’storemember—despitethebenefitofnotes—exactlywhateveryonesaid.Butsuccessdependsongettingthingsright—andthatmeanslistening.
Listeningisn’tthesamethingashearing;it’snotaneffortactively.Itdemandsattentionandconcentration.Itmaymeanquizzingthespeakerforadditionalinformationorforclarification—it’salwaysbettertoaskthantocontinueregardlessandgetthingswrong.However,ifyouallowyourmindtowanderontosomethingelse,evenforafewminutes,you’llmisswhatthespeakerissaying—probablyattheverymomentwhenhe/sheissayingsomethingcritical.Andnothavingheard,youwon’tknowyou’vemissedanythinguntilit’stoolate.
Themostcommonbadhabitwehaveistostartthinkingofwhatwe’regoingtosayaboutthesubjectlongbeforetheotherspeakerhasfinished.Wethenstoplistening.Evenworse,thisoftenaddsrudenesstoinattentiveness,asonceyou’vedecidedwhattosaythere’safairchanceyou’llinterrupttosayit.Goodlistenersdon’tinterrupt.Infactit’softenworthexplainingthemainideaofwhatyou’vejustbeentoldbeforecontinuingtomakeyourownpoints.Nobodyisoffendedbythisanditshowsyouhavelistenedwell.
Aboveall,bepatientandacceptthatmanypeoplearen’tgoodcommunicators.It’shelpfultorememberthatthewayspeoplemoveandpositionthemselveswhilethey’respeakingcanrevealmuchaboutwhatthey’resaying.Equallyimportant,youshouldputyourselfintheotherperson’splace;it’llhelpyouunderstandwhattheyaregettingatandformaresponse.Butdon’tbetooclever.Facedwithaknow-all,manypeoplekeepquietbecausetheyseenopointincontinuing.
1.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.Don’tbetoocleverB.Beagoodlistener
C.Don’tmissanythingcriticalD.Thinkofthespeaker
2.theunderlinedpartcanbebestreplacedby_________.
A.whattheyimplyB.whattheylack
C.whattheyattackD.whattheyachieve
3.WeknowthefollowingfromthelastparagraphEXCEPT_________.
A.anumberofpeoplearenotgoodatcommunicating
B.bodygesturescantellalotaboutwhatpeoplearesaying
C.weshouldthinkmoreofotherswhilehavingatalk
D.facedwithaknow-all,weshouldtryourbesttobeclever
4.Whatisthelessonwecanlearnfromthispassage?
A.Don’taccuseothersofnotlisteningwhiletalkingwiththem.
B.Weshouldblameourselvesfornotunderstandingother.
C.Listeninginattentivelymayleadtoyourfailureintalk.
D.Thinkcarefullyofwhatyou’llsaybeforethespeakerfinishes.
助读词汇
faultlessadj.完美的;无缺点的
quizvt.询问
clarificationn.说明
criticaladj.关键的
revealvt.透露
inattentivenessn.不专心
know-alln.自以为无所不知的人
accusesb.of…指责某人……
make…comeabout使……发生
additionalinformation进一步的信息
wanderonto游荡到
intellectuallyandemotionally知性上和情感上
(四)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
AlthoughmanyChinesestudentssaythattheirknowledgeofEnglishgrammarisgood,mostwouldadmitthattheirspokenEnglishispoor.WheneverIspeaktoaChinesestudent,theyalwayssay,“MyspokenEnglishispoor.”However,theirspokenEnglishdoesnothavetoremain“poor”!
IwouldliketosuggestthattheremaybesomereasonsfortheirproblemswithspokenEnglish.
First,theyfailtofindsuitablewordstoexpressthemselvesduetoalimitedvocabulary.Obviouslythebetteransweristoexpandtheirvocabulary.However,youcanspeakwithalimitedvocabulary,ifyourattitudeispositive.Otherswillfollowyouaslongasyouusethewordsthatyouknow.
Second,they’reafraidofmakingmistakes.Sometimestheymakemistakeswhentheyarespeakingbecausetheyareshyandnervous.Yetstudentsshouldrememberthattheirgoalshouldbefluencynotaccuracy.Youraiminwritingistobeaccuratefollowingtherulesforgrammarandusingtherightwordsandspellingthemcorrectly.However,inspeakingyouraimisfluency.Youwanttogetyourmessageacross,totalktosomeoneinEnglish,asquicklyandaswellasyoucan,eventhoughsometimesyou