高考英语阅读理解社会文化专题训练答案及解析.docx
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高考英语阅读理解社会文化专题训练答案及解析
高考英语阅读理解（社会文化）专题训练答案及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1．阅读理解
TheatersofthePast
TheGreekTheater
TheatersdevelopedinmanypartsofGreece.AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.Duetothis,actorsplacedemphasisonexaggerated（夸张的）actionandspeech.And,colorfulsymbolicmasksandcostumeswereused.
TheMedievalTheater
TheMedievaltheaterstartedinchurches.That'swhymedievalplayswereaboutBiblestories.Atfirst,itbecameacustomforpriests（牧师）toactoutbriefscenesduringChristmasandEaster.Theseactsattractedlargecrowds.Finallythechurchrefusedtoallowprieststoparticipateinanysucheventsagain,soordinarypeoplebegantheseperformancesoutside.Performancesweresetinthetownsquare,withseveralstagesettingsaroundit.
TheElizabethanTheater
TheEngland'stheaterdevelopedrapidlyintheyearsfollowingthedefeatoftheSpanishNavy.ThedominantfeatureofElizabethantheaterwasthestage.Ithasthreeparts:
Theforestageforoutsidescenes;theinnerstageforscenesinsideabuilding;anupperstageorbalconyforvariouspurposes.Thereasonforthisdesignisthattherewerenoscenechanges,orbreaksduringtheplay.Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.Thisledtoamorepoeticscript,andpoetsbecamethemainsourceofscriptwriting.
TheRestorationTheater
Someoftheplaystoldsadstories,butthemajorityoftheplayswerereallyfunny.Manyspecializedmachineswereusedtocreatethescene.Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters（百叶窗）werepaintedwiththescene.
（1）WhywereancientGreektheatersbuiltonhills?
A.Toholdalargeaudience.
B.Tobuildabigandstrongstage.
C.Tohaveabettersoundeffect.
D.Toemphasizeexaggeratedperformances.
（2）Inwhichtheatercouldactors'voicesandspeechhelpcreatescenes?
A.TheGreekTheater.
B.TheMedievalTheater.
C.TheElizabethanTheater.
D.TheRestorationTheater.
（3）WhatisspecialabouttheRestorationTheater?
A.Colorfulmaskswereused.
B.Thestagewassmartlydesigned.
C.Mostofitsplaysweresorrowful.
D.Ordinarypeopleweretheperformers.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个古代的剧院。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据TheGreekTheater部分中的“AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.”古希腊的剧院建在自然开阔的地方，建在形状方便的山上。
这使得一大群人可以一次欣赏一场演出，可知，希腊剧院建在山上是为了让更多的观众可以一起欣赏演出。
故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据TheElizabethanTheater部分中的“Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.”布景用得很少，所以演员们不得不通过他们的声音和对话来创造一个场景，可知，在TheElizabethanTheater,演员的声音和言语能帮助创造场景。
故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据TheRestorationTheater部分中的“Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters（百叶窗）werepaintedwiththescene.”舞台是一个非常聪明的想法，因为舞台两侧的大背板上都画着场景）可知，在TheRestorationTheater舞台设计非常巧妙。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
ItiscommonlybelievedthattheearliestChinesepaper-cutsappearedduringthesixthcentury.Somescholarsbelieveitwasevenearlier.LegendhasitthatduringtheWesternHanDynasty（206BC-AD24）,EmperorWudiwasverysadafteroneofhisfavoriteconcubines,MadameLi,died.ATaoistpriest,LiShaoweng,cutapieceofhemppaperintheshapeofMadameLi.Wheneveningfell,theemperor'sservantslitcandlesinhisbedroom;thereflectionofthatpaper-cutonthewallmadetheemperorthinkabouthisbelovedconcubine.
TheYuxianpaper-cutisdifferentfrommostpaper-cutsproducedinotherregionsofChina.Paper-cutsfromotherregionsaremostlycutwithscissorsorknivesfromsingle-coloredpaper,suchasredorblackpaper.
TherearefourmajorprocedurestomakingtheYuxianpaper-cut:
First,sketchthepatternonthedraftpaper;second,fastenthedrafttothepapertobecut;third,useaknifetocarveoutthepattern;andfourth,dye（染色）thepaper-cutwithvariouscolors.
PrecisecuttingskillsareneededtomakeapieceoftheYuxianpaper-cut,whichhighlightsthecraftmaker'sartistictasteanddyeingskills.Thatexplainsthefollowingsaying:
"ThesuccessfulmakingofaYuxianpaper-cutis30percentdependentonthemaker'scuttingskills,and70percentonthemaker'sdyeingskills."
ThetraditionalYuxianpaper-cuthighlightstwothemes:
flowersandcharactersinChineseoperas.Thepaper-cutisparticularlyknownforitsvividdescriptionofcharactersinvarioustraditionalChineseoperas.InOctober2009,theartofYuxian'spaper-cutwasaddedtothelistofIntangibleCulturalHeritage（非物质文化遗产）establishedbyUNESCO（UnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization）.
（1）Thefirstparagraphisactuallyabout___________.
A. EmperorWudi'sfavoriteconcubine
B. theoriginsofChinesepaper-cuts
C. theinventorofChinesepaper-cut
D. oneofthethemesofYuxianpaper-cut
（2）Whichisthemostimportantskillofmakingpaper-cut?
A. Drawingskill.
B. Cuttingskill.
C. Dyeingskill.
D. Carvingskill
（3）Accordingtothepassage,theYuxianpaper-cutisespeciallyfamousforits__________.
A. livelyimagesofcharactersinclassicoperas
B. traditionalChineseoperas
C. Chineseculturalinfluenceonoperas
D. advancedcuttingtechniques
（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A. TheEarliestChineseLegend
B. TheYuxianPaper-cutSkills
C. EmperorWudi'sSadStory
D. ChineseYuxianPaper-cut
【答案】
（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国蔚县剪纸。
（1）考查段落大意。
根据第一段可知，介绍了中国剪纸的起源。
故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“ThesuccessfulmakingofaYuxianpaper-cutis30percentdependentonthemaker'scuttingskills,and70percentonthemaker'sdyeingskills.”蔚县剪纸的成功制作30%取决于制作人的切割技巧，70%取决于制作人的染色技巧。
可知染色技巧对于剪纸最重要。
故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Thepaper-cutisparticularlyknownforitsvividdescriptionofcharactersinvarioustraditionalChineseoperas”剪纸以其对各种传统戏曲中人物的生动描述而闻名。
可知，选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。
通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了蔚县剪纸有四个主要步骤。
制作蔚县剪纸需要精确的切割技巧，这突出了手工艺者的艺术品味和染色技巧。
传统蔚县剪纸突出了两个主题:
中国戏曲中的花和人物。
这些都是围绕着“中国蔚县剪纸”这个主题展开的。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
TheNazcaLinesareaseriesoflargeancientgeoglyphs（地画）intheNazcaDesert,insouthernPeru.Itisrangingfromgeometricpatternstodrawingsofdifferentanimalsandstylizedhuman-likeforms.Theancientlinescanonlybetrulytakeninfromhighintheair,leavinggenerationspuzzledastohowthesepreciseworkscouldhavebeencompletedlongbeforethedocumentedinventionofhumanflight.
TheLineswerefirstspottedwhencommercialairlinesbeganflyingacrossthePeruviandesertinthe1920,s.Whobuiltthemandwhatwastheirpurpose?
Aretheyroads,starpointers，maybeevenagiganticmap?
Ifthepeoplewholivedhere2,000yearsagohadonlyasimpletechnology,howdidtheymanagetoconstructsuchprecisefigures?
Didtheyhaveaplan?
Thesemarkingsarelikeavastpuzzle.
TheNazcaLinesarethemostoutstandinggroupofgeoglyphsintheworld.TherearealsohugegeoglyphsinEgypt,Malta，UnitedStates（MississippiandCalifornia）,Chile，Holiviaandinothercountries.ButtheNazcageoglyphs,becauseoftheirnumbers，characteristics,dimensionsandculturalcontinuityastheyweremadeandremadethroughoutacertainhistoryperiod,formthemostimpressivearcheological（考古学的）group.
TheNazcaplainisuniqueforitsabilitytopreservethemarkingsuponit,duetothecombinationoftheclimate（oneofthedriestonEarth,withonlytwentyminutesofrainfallperyear）andtheflat,stonygroundwhichminimizestheeffectofthewindatgroundlevel.Withnodustorsandtocovertheplainandlittlerainorwindtoerode（腐蚀）it,linesdrawnheretendtostaydrawn.Thesefactors,combinedwiththeexistenceoflighter-coloredsubsoilbeneaththedesertsurface,provideavastwritingpadthatissuitedtotheartistwhowantstoleavehismarketernal.
（1）WhatcanweknowabouttheNazcaLinesfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?
A. Theywerebuiltasabigmap.
B. Theywereformedbynature.
C. Theyareancientlinesincaves.
D. Theyarehugemarkingsinadesert
（2）HowmanyfactorsmaketheNazcaLinesthemostimpressive?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
（3）WhyaretheNazcaLineswellpreserved?
A. Becauseofthewindatgroundlevel.
B. Becauseoftheexistenceofsoftsoil.
C. Becauseoftheclimateandgeography.
D. Becauseofthethicksandonthetop.
（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eternal”probablymean?
A. Non-stop.
B. Ever-lasting.
C. Real-life.
D. High-end.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了出现在秘鲁南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地画TheNazcaLines，其神奇之处及形成原因。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“TheNazcaLinesareaseriesoflargeancientgeoglyphs（地画）intheNazcaDesert,insouthernPeru.”及对TheNazcaLines图案和发现过程的具体介绍，可知theNazcaLines是出现在秘鲁南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地画，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Whobuiltthemandwhatwastheirpurpose?
Aretheyroads,starpointers，maybeevenagiganticmap?
Ifthepeoplewholivedhere2,000yearsagohadonlyasimpletechnology,howdidtheymanagetoconstructsuchprecisefigures?
Didtheyhaveaplan?
”四方面使人迷惑的问题，可知这四个因素使theNazcaLines更独特更使人们难忘，故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“TheNa
升级会员 