职称英语理工类补全短文练习.docx
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职称英语理工类补全短文练习
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理工A补全短文练习
一、
LookingintotheFuture
BertrandRussell,afamousphilosopher,saidin1944,"Theonethingthestudyofthepastteachesusisthatthefutureisneverhowpeopleimagineitwillbe."
In1946,physicistspredictedthatwithintwentyyears,mostoftheworld'senergywouldbesuppliedbynuclearpower.__________（46）In1951,afamoussurgeonsaidthatheandhiscolleagueswereconfidentthat"bytheendofthe1950s,acureformostifnotallcancerswillhavebeenfound."In1954,anAmericaneconomistpredictedAmericanswouldgoongettingricherandricher.___________（47）.
Intheyear1969,anautomationengineerworkingforMaxFactorCosmeticsinBritainsaidthat"withintwentyortwenty-fiveyearsfactoriesthattodayemployhundredsofworkerswillneedonlyfiveortencomputertechnicianstorunthem."_____________（48）.
Intheearly1970s,thereweremanypredictionsthatbeforetheendofthecenturymosthomesintheUnitedStates,EuropeandJapanwouldhavecomputersinthem.___________（49）
Longbefore1980,itwaspredictedthatinsteadoflettingnatureandluckchoosetheirchildren'scharacteristics,peoplewouldhavetodecidewhichcharacteristicstheywantedtheirchildrentoinheritfromthemandpreviousgenerationsintheirfamilies.____________（50）Wemaybeabletohave"undesirable"characteristicschangedordestroyedthroughgenetictherapy.PerhapswemayevenbegintowishthatBertrandRussellwasrightwhenhesaidthathistoryteachesusthatthefutureisneverlikethatfutureweimagine.
A."Bytheendofthecentury,"hesaid,"therewillbenopovertyanywhereinthecountry."
B.Ifthispredictioncomestrue,wewillbefacedwithamuchgreaterresponsibilitythaneverbefore.
C.Accordingtothesamepredictions,thiswouldresultin"aninformationexplosion"aswellas"radicalandrevolutionarychangesinthewaywework,learn,anddobusiness."
D.Whenthispredictioncametrue,morepeoplewouldbekilledthaneverbefore.
E.Theywerecertainthatthiswouldnotonlybe"farcleanerthancoalandotherfossilfuelsbutfarsaferandmuchcheaper."
F.Headdedthatthis"willleadtoenormoussocialproblemsforunskilledmanualworkersinparticular,whowillbeunabletofindwork."
答案：
EAFCB
二、
RichestMenintheWorld
WarrenBuffett,thefamedUSinvestorwhoheadsBerkshireHathawayInc,replacedhisfriendandMicrosoftCorpfounderBillGatesastherichestmanintheworld,ForbesmagazinesaidonWednesday.
ThemagazineestimatedBuffett'sworthat$62billioninitsannualrankingoftheworld'swealthiestpeople.（46）Gateswaspushedtothirdplaceafter13yearsofholdingtheNo.1spot.ThemagazineestimatedGates'worthat$58billion.
（47）BecauseitcameatatimeofgreatfinancialturmoilanditcamewhenBuffetthasbeguntosiphonoffpartofhisfortunetocharity."Eventhoughheisgivingawayapieceofhisfortuneeachyear,thestockofBerkshireHathaway,thesourceofWarrenBuffet'swealth,hasbeenrisingveryrapidly,"ChiefExecutiveofForbesMagazinesSteveForbessaid.（48）BuffettinJune2006announcedplanstogive85percentofhisfortuneaway,grantingittotheBill&MelindaGatesFoundationandfourfamilycharities.BillGatesservesontheboardofdirectorsofBerkshireHathawayandisalong-timebridgebuddyofBuffett's.（49）
Buffett,oftencalledtheSageofOmaha,hasbeenlaudedamonginvestorsforhispreferenceforinvestinginlargercompanieswitheasy-to-understandbusinesses,largeordominantmarketshares,consistentearnings,andstrongmanagement.
（50）Tsutsumifelloffthebillionaire'slistlastyearafterreceivingasuspendedprisonsentenceforfalsifyingfinancialstatementsandinsidertradingin2005.
A.MexicantelecomstycoonCarlosSlimcameinsecondwithanestimatedworthof$60billion
B.HealsonotedthatBuffett'sfortuneclimbed$10billioninthelastcalendaryear
C.Gateshasalsogivenasubstantialamountofhisfortunetothefoundation
D.Buffett'srisetoNo.1wasparticularlynoteworthy,Forbessaid
E.Japan'srealestatebillionairerankedfirstamongalltheJapaneserichestpeopleonthelist
F.GateshasheldtheNo.1spotsince1995,whenheunseatedYoshiakiTsutsumi,aJapaneserealestatetycoon
正确答案：
ADBCF
解析：
46.前一句提到了巴菲特的个人资产总值达到约620亿美元，居福布斯富豪榜榜首，后一句提到了而连续13年蝉联首富桂冠的盖茨则首次“让位”，以资产总值约为580亿美元屈居第三。
所以本句应该是居第二位的富豪的信息，所以A选项“墨西哥通信业大亨卡洛斯?
斯利姆以600亿美元的资产总值名列第二”最合适。
47.下一句“因为目前正值金融市场大动荡，而且巴菲特开始将其部分财产捐作慈善用途”提到了原因，本句应该是一种现象，而且和巴菲特有关，所以D选项“《福布斯》指出，巴菲特跃至世界首富尤其令人关注”最合适。
48.前一句是《福布斯》执行总裁史蒂夫?
福布斯说的话，本句是递进的用法，选项B中的he指代的是福布斯的总裁，also表示递进的关系，所以B选项“而且他还指出，巴菲特的资产总值去年增加了100亿美元”最合适。
49.前面提到了2006年6月，巴菲特宣布将其85%的资产捐给比尔/梅琳达?
盖茨基金会及四个家庭慈善机构的计划。
上一句提到了巴菲特和盖茨的关系，所以本句应该提到盖茨和慈善的关系，因此C选项“盖茨也向基金会捐了一大笔财产”最合适。
50.因为下一句提到了Tsutsumi，所以本句应该和Tsutsumi有关，因此F选项“自从1995年将日本地产大亨Tsutsumi拉下马后，盖茨一直稳坐世界首富宝座”最合适。
三、
TheWorld'sLongestBridge
Rumorhasitthat1alegendarysix-headedmonsterlurksinthedeepwatersoftheTyrrhenianSeabetweenItalyandtheislandofSicily.
（1）Whencompletedin2010,theworld'slongestbridgewillweighnearly300,000tons一equivalenttotheicebergthatsanktheTitanic—andstretch5kilometerslong."That'snearly50percentlongerthananyotherbridgeeverbuilt.",saysstructuralengineerShaneRixon.
（2）They'resuspensionbridges,massivestructuresbuilttospanvastwaterchannelsorgorges.Asuspensionbridgeneedsjusttwotowerstoshoulderthestructure'smammothweight,thankstoheftysupportingcablesslungbetweenthetowersandanchoredfirmlyindeeppoolsofcementateachendofthebridge.TheMessinaStraitBridgewillhavetwo54,100-tontowers,whichwillsupportmostofthebridge'sload.Thebeefycablesofthebridge,each1.2meterindiameter,willholdupthelongestandwidestbridgedeckeverbuilt.
WhenconstructionbeginsontheMessinaStraitBridgein2005,thefirstjobwillbetoerecttwo370meter-tallsteeltowers.（3）Gettingthesecablesupwillbesomething2.It'snotjusttheirlength—totally5.3kilometers—buttheirweight——（4）
Afterloweringvertical"suspender,cablesfromthemaincables,builderswillerecta60meter-wide54,630-tonsteelroadway,ordeck—wideenoughtoaccommodate12lanesoftraffic.Thedeck'sweightwillpulldownonthecableswithaforceof70,500tons.Inreturn,thecablesyankupagainsttheirfirmlyrootedanchorswithaforceof139,000tons—equivalenttotheweightofabout100,000cars.Thoseanchorsareessential.（5）
练习：
A.Someenvironmentalistsareagainsttheprojectonbiologicalgrounds.
B.Whatdotheworld'slongestbridgeshaveincommon?
C.Iftrue,onedayyoumightspythebeastwhilezipping（呼晡而过）acrosstheMessinaStraitBridge.
D.They'rewhatwillkeepthebridgefromgoinganywhere.
E.Thesecondjobwillbetopulltwosetsofsteelcablesacrossthestrait,eachsetbeingabundleof44,352individualsteelwires.
F.Theywilltipupthescalesat166,500tons—morethanhalfthebridge'stotalmass.
答案与题解：
1.C选项C中有一个关键词beast,与第一句的monster相呼应。
所以,C是答案。
2.B第二段第二.句的主语是They。
由于表语是suspensionbridges,They替代的一定是前面句子出现过的bridges。
六个选项中,只有B含有bridges,且填在第二段段首意思连贯。
3.E"空3”前面的句子有thefirstjob这几个词。
有first,必有second/then。
六个选项中,只有E含有Thesecondjob。
所以,E是答案。
4.F"空4”前面的句子说的是,把这些吊索吊高定位是有难度的,不仅仅由于它们很长,还由于它们很重。
F介绍了它们的重量,应该是“空4”前面的句子的后续句。
5.D"空5”前面的句子说的是,桥桩很重要。
为什么很重要呢?
D解释了桥桩的作用,意思连贯,所以是答案。
四、
ReinventingtheTable
Anearthscientisthasrejiggedtheperiodictable1tomakechemistrysimplertoteachtostudents.
____1____ButBruceRailsbackfromtheUniversityofGeorgiasaysheisthefirsttocreateatablethatbreakswithtraditionandshowstheionsofeachelementratherthanjusttheelementsthemselves.
"Igottiredofbreakingmyarmstryingtoexplaintheperiodictabletoearthstudents,"hesays,criss-crossinghishandsintheairandpointingtodifferentbitsofatraditionaltable.____2____Buthehasaddedcontourlinestochargedensity,helpingtoexplainwhichionsreactwithwhich.
"Geohemistsjustwantanintuitivesenseofwhat'sgoingonwiththeelements,"saysAlbertGalyfromtheUniversityofCambridge4,____3____
____4____Heexplainsthatsulphur,forexample,showsupinthreedifferentspots—oneforsulphide,whichisfoundinminerals,oneforsu1phite,andoneforsu1phate,whichisfoundinseasa1t,forinstance.
Hehasalsoinc1udedsymbolstoshowwhichionsarenutrients，andwhicharecommoninsoi1orwater.____5____
练习：
A.TherehavebeenmanyattemptstoredesigntheperiodictablesinceDmMMendeleev2drewitupin1871.
B.Railsbackhasstillorderedtheelementsaccordingtothenumberofprotonstheyhave.
C."Iimaginethiswouldbegoodforundergraduates."
D.Railsbackhaslistedsomeelementsmorethanonce.
E.Andthesizeofelement’ssymbolreflectshowmuchofitisfoundintheEarth’scrust.
F.Thetraditionalperiodictablewaswelldrawn.
答案与题解：
1.A，文章讲重新设计元素周期表。
第一段讲了一位地球科学家已经调整元素周期表,使得教学生化学时更容易些。
接着是第二段。
第一句是空白,需要填入。
接下来的一句话是这么说的:
佐治亚大学的BruceRailsback说他是第一个创造出这样一个表的人,他突破了传统,显示了每个元素的离子而不只是元素本身。
A的意思是:
自从1871年门捷列夫画出元素周期表以来,许多人试图重新设计周期表。
"第一个"这个信息很重要。
按照从一般到具体的行文规律,前一句话应当是一般性的描述。
A符合这个条件。
2.B，第三段的第一句话是这么说的在给学生解释元素周期表时我的手臂都要断了他这么说时在空中来回交叉双手,指点传统周期表中不同的元素。
这一句话是讲BruceRailsback重新制作元素周期表的原因。
从主题发展来看,这句话似乎跟上文连不上,但这是一篇报道,插入了一些背景信息和其他人的评论。
从第二段的最后一句话来看，B比较合适,因为都是讲元素。
B说的是:
RailSback仍然按照元素所有的质子数排列元素。
注意:
D也是讲元素。
但是B中有still（仍然）这个词,它是衔接第二段的最后一句话的。
3.C，第四段是剑桥大学的AlbertGaly对BruceRailsback重新创造的元素周期表的评论。
评论常常用原话。
引号表明C是原话。
4.D，第五段需填入主题句。
主题句常常是概括性的。
从第五段提供的信息来看,sulphur（硫黄）这个元素在三个地方出现,因此D是正确的。
D说的是:
有些元素Railsback列了一次以上。
5.E，六段的第一句讲到了符号。
E也是讲符号,其他的选项都没有讲,因此应选E。
理工B补全短文练习
一、
Theinfluenceoftelevision
AboutsixyearsagoIwaseatinglunchinarestaurantinNewYorkcitywhenawomanandayoungboysatdownatthenexttable.__________（46）Atonepointthewomanasked:
"So,howhaveyoubeen
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