中学英语作文拯救黄河.docx
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中学英语作文拯救黄河
中学英语作文拯救黄河
宏伟壮美的高楼、川流不息的车辆、熙熙攘攘的人群。
城市化和工业化的水平提高了。
但基础设施却严峻滞后。
污水、烟尘和垃圾的处理力量远远低于它们的产生量。
黄河中上游地区,只有兰州、西安、太原有几座污水处理厂,但处理的数量和深度与排放量相比,还远远不够。
Majestictallbuildings,endlessvehicles,bustlingcrowds.Thelevelofurbanizationandindustrializationhasincreased.Butinfrastructureisseriouslylaggingbehind.Thetreatmentcapacityofsewage,smokeandwasteisfarlowerthantheirproduction.ThereareonlyafewsewagetreatmentplantsinLanzhou,Xi”anandTaiyuaninthemiddleandupperreachesoftheYellowRiver,butthequantityanddepthoftreatmentarefarfromenoughcomparedwiththedischarge.
俗话说“鱼儿离不开水”,可在这样的毒水中,鱼儿一天也不能生存,假如鱼儿会上树,或许黄河里的宝贵鱼种不至于基本灭亡。
Asthesayinggoes,“fishcan”tlivewithoutwater“,butinsuchpoisonouswater,fishcan”tsurviveforaday.Iffishcangrowtrees,maybethepreciousfishspeciesintheYellowRiverwon”tbebasicallyextinct.
喝啤酒的人都知道,泡沫越多,啤酒就越好,可是河面上的泡沫越多,只能说明河水的水质就越差。
Peoplewhodrinkbeerknowthatthemorefoam,thebetterthebeer,butthemorebubblesontheriversurface,theworsethewaterqualityoftheriverwillbe.
90年月,每年注入黄河的污水近30亿吨,黄河的污水和净水比例高达14%。
每立方米黄河水中还有52公斤污水。
黄河有部分河段的水质丢失了饮用功能。
我们的母亲河,日益疲乏和憔悴。
Inthe1990s,nearly3billiontonsofsewagewereinjectedintotheYellowRivereveryyear,andtheproportionofsewageandpurifiedwaterintheYellowRiverwasashighas14%.Therearestill52kilogramsofsewagepercubicmeterofYellowRiverwater.ThewaterqualityofsomereachesoftheYellowRiverhaslostitsdrinkingfunction.Ourmotherriver,increasinglytiredandhaggard.
铺天盖地的垃圾,就在黄河岸边四周堆放,风吹日晒,雨水浸淋。
高浓度的渗滤液透析到地下,对地下水造成严峻威逼,垃圾的渗滤液注入黄河,更使黄河的水质污染雪上加霜。
黄河流域,露天堆放的垃圾场竟数以百计。
TherubbishthatcoverstheskyandearthispiledupneartheBankoftheYellowRiver.Itisexposedtothewind,thesunandtherain.Thehighconcentrationofleachateisdialyzedtotheunderground,whichposesaseriousthreattotheundergroundwater.ThelandfillleachateisinjectedintotheYellowRiver,whichmakesthewaterpollutionoftheYellowRiverworse.IntheYellowRiverBasin,therearehundredsofopendumpsites.
黄河流域矿产资源丰富,有石油、自然气、煤炭等几十种资源。
煤炭开采、石油化工、有色金属、矿山冶炼、建材水泥,几乎全部的重污染行业都集中在黄河中上游地区。
这种畸形的产业结构加上落后的生产工艺,对黄河的污染日趋严峻。
尽管沿黄省市对治理污染花了巨大的力气,加大力度,但面对严峻污染,治理的效果往往还是不尽如人意。
TheYellowRiverBasinisrichinmineralresources,includingdozensofresourcessuchasoil,naturalgasandcoal.Coalmining,petrochemical,non-ferrousmetals,miningsmelting,buildingmaterialsandcement,almostallheavypollutionindustriesareconcentratedintheupperandmiddlereachesoftheYellowRiver.ThiskindofabnormalindustrialstructureandbackwardproductiontechnologymakethepollutionoftheYellowRivermoreandmoreserious.AlthoughtheprovincesandcitiesalongtheYellowRiverhavemadegreateffortstocontrolpollution,butinthefaceofseriouspollution,theeffectoftreatmentisoftenunsatisfactory.
陕西北部,内蒙古西南部,山西西北部是着名煤炭产地,号称“能源金三角”;山西沿吕梁山、太行山河谷一带号称汾河工业走廊。
70年月到90年月中期,上述地区能源开发强度日益增大。
这里焦炭生产集中。
1996年10月以前,土法炼焦盛行。
一堆堆明火,一座座焦炉,搞得黑烟滚滚,遮云蔽日。
用这种粗放型的方式生产,既铺张了珍贵的资源,又破坏了生态。
ThenorthofShaanxi,thesouthwestofInnerMongoliaandthenorthwestofShanxiarefamouscoalproducingareas,knownasthe“GoldenTriangleofenergy“;theareaalongLuliangMountainandTaihangmountainvalleyinShanxiisknownastheFenheindustrialcorridor.Fromthe1970stothemid-1990s,theintensityofenergydevelopmentintheabove-mentionedareasincreaseddaybyday.Cokeproductionisconcentratedhere.BeforeOctober1996,indigenouscokingprevailed.Apileofopenfires,cokeovens,makeblacksmokerolling,cloudblockoutthesun.Thiskindofextensiveproductionnotonlywastespreciousresources,butalsodestroystheecology.
1996年《xxx关于环境爱护的若干问题的打算》对这些落后的生产方式明令予以取缔。
In1996,thedecisionoftheStateCouncilonSeveralIssuesconcerningenvironmentalprotectionbannedthesebackwardmodesofproduction.
超载的土地、巨大的人口,为了吃饭,毁林开荒,弃草种粮,滥垦滥牧,滥采滥伐,使得黄河中上游地区生态日趋恶化。
茫茫黄河,赤地千里,干燥的气候、暴露的地表,为沙尘暴的喧嚣肆虐扫清了障碍。
1998年4月15日,一场历史上罕见的沙尘暴席卷了半个中国,西北地区“黑云压城城欲摧”、“风沙滚滚来天半”,工农业生产和人民生活损失惨重。
Overloadedlandandhugepopulation,inordertoeat,deforestation,abandonedgrassandgraincultivation,excessivecultivationandanimalhusbandry,excessivemininganddeforestation,maketheecologyofthemiddleandupperreachesoftheYellowRiverworsendaybyday.ThevastYellowRiver,thevastexpanseofredland,thedryclimateandthebaresurfacehaveclearedthewayforthenoiseofsandstorm.OnApril15,1998,arareduststormsweptoverhalfofChina.InthenorthwestofChina,“blackcloudsarecrushingthecity,andthewindandsandarerollinginhalfofthesky“,causingheavylossesinindustrialandagriculturalproductionandpeople”slives.
饱受污染之灾的两岸人民啊,快行动起来,一起来挽救黄河,治理黄河吧!
PeopleonbothsidesoftheStraitssufferingfrompollution,hurryup,savetheYellowRiverandharnessit!
1.将市场机制引入污染防治领域。
通过市场作用,从原来“谁污染谁治理”的企业个体行为,引申为市场经济条件下的社会分工和供求关系,形成社会化、专业化的环保企业乃至环保行业,向污染责任方供应商业性环保服务,逐步实现环境治理市场化、社会化、企业化。
同时,在企业比较集中的工业园区鼓舞多家企业污染处理设施共建共享和治污设施专业化运行,提高治污设施处理效率,降低污染治理费用。
1.Introducemarketmechanismintothefieldofpollutionpreventionandcontrol.Throughtheroleofmarket,fromtheoriginalindividualbehaviorof“whopollutes,whogoverns“,itisextendedtothesocialdivisionoflaborandtherelationshipbetweensupplyanddemandundertheconditionsofmarketeconomy,formingsocializedandspecializedenvironmentalprotectionenterprisesandevenenvironmentalprotectionindustries,providingthepollutionresponsiblepartywithcommercialenvironmentalprotectionservices,andgraduallyrealizingthemarketization,socializationandcorporatizationofenvironmentalgovernance.Atthesametime,intheindustrialparkwhereenterprisesareconcentrated,manyenterprisesareencouragedtobuildandsharepollutiontreatmentfacilitiesandspecializedoperationofpollutiontreatmentfacilities,soastoimprovethetreatmentefficiencyofpollutiontreatmentfacilitiesandreducethecostofpollutiontreatment.
2.树立“维持黄河健康生命”的新治河理念。
一是划定黄河水功能区,依据黄河水资源量和水流的纳污力量,提出各省(区)允许排入黄河的污染物总量,实行省(区)际断面水质行政首长负责制;二是依法治污,在相关法规中明确相应的水污染超标惩罚措施,对于污染超标省(区)要停止审批新的水资源利用项目;三是建立和完善水利、环保联合治污机制,在排污监测和监管处理水污染突发大事上统一行动、团结治污。
2.Setupanewconceptof“maintainingthehealthylifeoftheYellowRiver“.First,delimittheYellowRiverwaterfunctionarea,proposethetotalamountofpollutantsallowedtodischargeintotheYellowRiverineachprovince(region)accordingtotheamountofwaterresourcesoftheYellowRiverandthecapacityofwaterflowtoacceptpollution,andimplementtheprovincial(region)sectionwaterqualityexecutivedirectorresponsibilitysystem;second,managepollutionaccordingtolaw,specifythecorrespondingpunishmentmeasuresforwaterpollutionexceedingstandardsinrelevantlawsandregulations,andstopapprovingnewwaterresourcesfortheprovince(region)withpollutionexceedingstandardsThird,establishandimprovethejointpollutioncontrolmechanismofwaterconservancyandenvironmentalprotection,andtakeunifiedactionsanduniteinpollutionmonitoringandsupervisionandtreatmentofwaterpollutionemergencies.
3.国家应进一步加大力度推行绿色GDP,把环保工作纳入地方党政一把手的政绩考核。
3.ThestateshouldfurtherstrengthentheimplementationofgreenGDP,andincorporateenvironmentalprotectionintotheperformanceassessmentoflocalleadersofthepartyandgovernment.
4.环保体制需要进一步理顺,实行垂直管理,脱离地方的制约。
4.Theenvironmentalprotectionsystemneedstobefurtherstraightenedout,implementedverticalmanagementandseparatedfromlocalconstraints.
5.赐予环保部门更大的执法权。
如惩罚力度,关停污染企业等。
5.Givetheenvironmentalprotectiondepartmentgreaterlawenforcementpower.Suchaspunishment,closureofpollutingenterprises,etc.
6.地方新上项目论证必需有科学的决策程序,有环保部门参预,对新上项目,假如发生大的污染大事,实行事后决策追究制度,以加强地方“一把手”对黄河污染监督管理的自觉性和责任感。
6.Thedemonstrationoflocalnewprojectsmusthavescientificdecision-makingprocedures,withtheparticipationofenvironmentalprotectiondepartments.Fornewprojects,incaseofmajorpollutionevents,thepostdecision-makingandinvestigationsystemshallbeimplementedtostrengthentheconsciousnessandsenseofresponsibilityoflocal“topleaders“forthesupervisionandmanagementofYellowRiverpollution.
7.应当在具备了有效的监测网络基础上,探究建立排污区域赔偿制度,让过度占有资源者付出应有代价。
可以通过“排污收费”的方法,由河流段面水质不达标者,向下游供应补偿,迫使沿黄地区政府加大对本地区污染的治理。
7.Onthebasisofhavinganeffectivemonitoringnetwork,weshouldexploretheestablishmentofregionalpollutioncompensationsystem,sothatthosewhooccupyresourcesexcessivelywillpaytheirdueprice.Throughthemethodof“sewagecharge“,thepeoplewhodonotmeetthewaterqualitystandardsoftheriversectioncanprovidecompensationtothedownstream,forcingthegovernmentsalongtheYellowRivertoincreasethetreatmentoflocalpollution.
这些方法不肯定很全,但是个人认为要是做到了的话,黄河也就治理的差不多了吧。
最终,盼望大家与我一起爱护环境,共同治理黄河,让黄河不再变黄。
Thesemethodsmaynotbecomplete,butIthinkiftheyaredone,theYellowRiverwillbealmostmanaged.Finally,IhopethatyouwillworkwithmetoprotecttheenvironmentandjointlymanagetheYellowRiversothatitwillnotturnyellowanymore.