中国科学院考博英语真题doc.docx
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中国科学院考博英语真题doc
中国科学院考博英语真题2013年10月
(总分:
130.00,做题时间:
90分钟)
一、PartⅠVocabulary(总题数:
20,分数:
10.00)
1.Abruptlythegroundfellawayfromourfeet,andan______voidopenedbeforeus.(分数:
0.50)
A.anxious
B.audible
C.awesome
D.amiable
2.Autobiographicaladvertisingcan______consumers"pastmemoriesabouttheproductorbrand.(分数:
0.50)
A.exaggerate
B.excavate
C.extract
D.evoke
3.Manyanimalsareonthe______ofdisappearingfromthefaceoftheearthandzooscanprovidethemwithasafeplacetoliveandbreed.(分数:
0.50)
A.range
B.verge
C.part
D.link
4.Ifcostscontinueto______,thestatewillnotbeabletoaffordthisschemeforlong,anditwillbecomeunpopular.(分数:
0.50)
A.soar
B.shoot
C.swing
D.settle
5.There"sa______inthefactthatalthoughwe"relivinglongerthaneverbefore,peoplearemoreobsessedwithhealthissuesthantheyeverwere.(分数:
0.50)
A.paradox
B.dilemma
C.polarity
D.misconception
6.______Mr.Halladmitsthathepushedtoohard,andultimatelyhiseffortsfailed.(分数:
0.50)
A.Inessence
B.Induecourse
C.onaverage
D.Inretrospect
7.AtaxicabandalaundrytruckmissedeachotherbyinchesonSixthAvenue,stoppinginsuchapositionthateach______theother"sprogress.(分数:
0.50)
A.implored
B.implemented
C.impeded
D.imparted
8.InhernewnovelAnnabel,reviewedthisweekinthemagazine,KathleenWinter______thenature-nurturedivide.(分数:
0.50)
A.outgrows
B.explores
C.perceives
D.contends
9.Theydriftedonthelake,fishingandcatchingshrimpto______.(分数:
0.50)
A.getby
B.getover
C.getalong
D.getacross
10.InsomeCaliforniahousingestates,akeyaloneisinsufficienttogetsomeoneinthedoor;hisorhervoiceprintmustalsobe______.(分数:
0.50)
A.duplicated
B.perceived
C.acquired
D.verified
11.Francewillloweritstaxrateonfoodanddrinksatrestaurantsinhopesof______touristsandlocalstostrugglingcafes,whichmeansasavingof$7.05ona$50meal.(分数:
0.50)
A.ushering
B.initiating
C.luring
D.trapping
12.Inaglobaleconomythathasproducedmoredramaticupsanddownsthananyonethoughtpossible,Asiamaybe______anotherdishearteningplunge.(分数:
0.50)
A.takingin
B.headingfor
C.longingfor
D.spreadingout
13.Inthe1970s,hebecameatirelesspromoterforthedrugasacurefordepression—whichheoncesufferedfrom—andother______.(分数:
0.50)
A.ailments
B.therapies
C.tolls
D.addictions
14.Hearingthenews,shecouldfeelanger______insideher.(分数:
0.50)
A.stumbling
B.staggering
C.twisting
D.surging
15.Manyadvertisersremain______oftheInternetandquestionhowheavilytorelyonit.(分数:
0.50)
A.inconsistent
B.supportive
C.skeptical
D.prospective
16.Iftheexpertadviceismorepositive,willtheparentsbeableto______attitudeswhichhavebuiltupoverdecadesinafewdays?
(分数:
0.50)
A.approveof
B.shrugoff
C.showoff
D.pickup
17.Itwillbeveryhelpfulifparentshaveseentheschoolenvironmentandknowwhatkindoftaskstheschoolwill______onthedailylifeoftheirchild.(分数:
0.50)
A.compose
B.impose
C.dispose
D.expose
18.Theauthorskillfullyfusesthesefragmentsintoa______whole.(分数:
0.50)
A.congestive
B.corporate
C.collaborative
D.cohesive
19.______hisseemingrebellionagainstmiddle-classvalues,heremainsessentiallymiddle-class.(分数:
0.50)
A.Insteadof
B.Asfor
C.Forall
D.Butfor
20.It"sverydifficultto______theexactmeaningofanidiominaforeignlanguage.(分数:
0.50)
A.exchange
B.transfer
C.convert
D.convey
二、PartⅡCloze(总题数:
1,分数:
15.00)
"Pain,"asAlbertSchweitzeroncesaid,"isamoreterriblelordofmankindthanevendeathitself."Prolongedpaindestroysthequalityoflife.Itcan1thewilltolive,attimes2peopletosuicide.Thephysicaleffectsareequally3.Severe,persistentpaincanspoilsleepandappetite,4producingfatigueandreducingtheavailabilityofnutrientstoorgans.Itmay5delayrecoveryfromillnessorinjuryand,inweakenedorelderlypatients,maymakethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.
6,therearesomekindsofpainthatexistingtreatmentscannotease.7doctorscandolittleinthesecasesisterriblydistressingforeveryoneinvolvedbutiscertainly8.Whatseemslessunderstandableisthatmanypeoplesuffernotbecausetheirdiscomfortisuntreatablebutbecausephysiciansareoftenreluctantto9morphine.Morphineisthesafest,mosteffectivepainkillerknownforconstant,severepain,butitisalso10forsomepeople.11,itisrarelyprescribed.
Indeed,concernoveraddictionhas12manynationsinEuropeandelsewheretoban13anyusesofmorphineantirelatedsubstances,includingtheirmedicalapplications.Even14morphineisalegalmedicaltherapy,asitisinGreatBritainandtheU.S.,manydoctors,afraidofturningpatientsintoaddicts,15amountsthataretoosmalltocontrolpain.(分数:
15.00)
A.boost
B.erode
C.wear
D.distract
A.driving
B.drive
C.drives
D.driven
A.compound
B.comprehensible
C.exhaustive
D.profound
A.with
B.whereby
C.thereby
D.as
A.thus
B.though
C.along
D.instead
A.Fortunately
B.Sadly
C.Notably
D.Promptly
A.Though
B.Which
C.That
D.While
A.understandable
B.shameful
C.worrying
D.puzzling
A.promote
B.produce
C.prescribe
D.present
A.strong
B.costly
C.ineffective
D.addictive
A.Consequently
B.Conclusively
C.However
D.Meanwhile
A.urged
B.enhanced
C.led
D.stimulated
A.presently
B.virtually
C.decisively
D.promptly
A.when
B.though
C.which
D.where
A.administering
B.administer
C.administered
D.toadminister
三、PartⅢReadingCompr(总题数:
0,分数:
0.00)
四、SectionA(总题数:
0,分数:
0.00)
五、Passage1(总题数:
1,分数:
12.00)
Germany,Europe"seconomicpowerhouse,doesnotlackcourage:
itreboundedfromtwoworldwars,digestedreunificationandhasnowpoweredaheadofneighborsstillreelingfromthefinancialcrisis.Itoverhauledarigidlabormarketandraisedtheretirementageto67withlittlefuss.Mostrecently,itsimplydecidedtoabandonnuclearpower.
Withthisboldnessatthetopcomesobedienceatthebottom—82millionGermanswillwaitatapedestrianredlight,evenwithnocarinsight.
Butwhenitcomestoempoweringwomen,noTeutonicdriveorrespectseemstowork—evenunderoneoftheworld"smostpowerfulwomen,ChancellorAngelaMerkel.
Despiteabatchofgovernmentmeasuresandevermorepassionatedebateaboutgenderroles,onlyabout14percentofGermanmotherswithonechildresumefull-timework,andonly6percentofthosewithtwo.All30Germanstockindexcompaniesarerunbymen.Nationwide,asinglewomanpresidesonasupervisoryboard:
Dr.SimoneBagel-TrahatHenkel.
EighteenmonthsaftertheInternationalHeraldTribunelaunchedaseriesonthestateofwomeninthe21stcenturywithalookatGermany,thecountryhasemergedasatestcaseforthepush-and-pullofeconomicsandtradition.
Forthedevelopedworld,Germany"ssituationsuggeststhatpuzzlingouthowtoremoveenduringbarrierstowomen"sfurtherprogressisoneofthehardestquestionstosolve.
InallEuropeancountries,fromthetraditionallymachosouthernrimtomoreegalitarianNordicnations,theavailabilityandaffordabilityofchildcare,intertwinedwithtraditionalideasaboutgenderroles,haveprovedkeyfactorsindetermininggenderequality.Thenatureofmalenetworksisanothertellingfactor.
Womenremainastrikingminorityintopcorporatecircles,eveninfiercelyegalitariancountrieslikeSwedenortheUSwhereopportunitiesoftengowithone"sabilities.Veryfewcountriesapproach20percentfemalerepresentationoncorporateexecutiveboards.
YetifSwedishexecutivesuitesboast17percentwomenandtheUnitedStatesandBritain14Percent,inGermanyitis2percent—asinIndia,accordingtoMcKinsey"s2010WomenMatterreport.
Oneofthecountriesinmostneedoffemaletalent—GermanbirthrateisamongthelowestinEuropeandlaborshortagesinskilledtechnicalprofessionsarealready150,000—Germanyisaplacewheregenderstereotypesremainengrainedinthemind,andinkeyinstitutionsacrosssociety.(分数:
12.00)
(1).Thefirsttwoparagraphsdescribe______.(分数:
2.00)
A.practicalGermanleadershipinvariousfields
B.retiredGermanworkers"lives
C.asuccessfulGermanysinceWorldWarⅠ
D.aGermanstyleofdealingwithcrises
(2).Accordingtotheauthor,undertheleadershipofChancellorAngelaMerkel______.(分数:
2.00)
A.femalesmusthavebeenallowedtotakesomefull-timejobs
B.womenmighthavebeensupportedtobecomestronger
C.discussionsshouldhavebeenheldaboutwomen"simportance
D.womenshouldhavebecomemorepowerfulthantheyarenow
(3).TheauthormentionsDr.SimoneBagel-Trahinordertoshow______.(分数:
2.00)
A.thepotentialforfemalestobecometopexecutives
B.thescarcityoffemaleCEOsinthecountry
C.theinferiorityoffemaleCEOstomaleones
D.thestrengthofacompanyledbyafemale
(4).Thephrase"thepush-and-pullofeconomicsandtradition"(inParagraph5)referstothefactthat______.(分数:
2.00)
A.economicprogressneedseffortsbybothgenders
B.traditionalgenderrolesremaininmodernsociety
C.economicneedsconflictwithtraditionalmindsets
D.traditionalgenderbiasmakesaneconomyevenworse
(5).WhichofthefollowingsituationsformsabarriertoEuropeanwomen"sprogress?
(分数:
2.00)
A.Awomanmayfeelveryproudwithallhercolleaguesbeingmale
B.Ababysittermayfinditveryhardtomakethehostesssatisfied
C.Men"sfriendshipisthoughttobemuchstrongerthanwomen"s
D.Womenaredeemedmorecapablethanmenonlyathome
(6).Bywritingthispassage,theauthoraimstosuggestthatinGermanytheimprovementofwomen"ssocialrolesis