希腊习语Greek idiomsWord文档格式.docx
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theonlyfatalweakness"
or"
thekey"
"
.AlsomadeasAchillesHeel.
Examples:
The,girl,is,a,good,student,but,pronunciation,is,her,Achilles,heel.
Thegirlisagoodstudent,butpronunciationishisonlyweakness.
His,Achilles,heel,was,his,pride,he,would,get,very,angry,,if,anyone,criticized,work..,his
Hisonlyfatalweaknesswaspride;
hewasangryatanyonewhocriticizedhiswork.
A,misbehaving,minister,is,as,a,government,s,Achilles,regarded,heel,and,is,,expected,to,resign.
Abadlybehavedministerwasseenasagovernmentfatal,sohewasaskedtoresign
2.,Horn,of,plenty/abundance（Amalthea,s,Horn/horn,of,plenty）,hornofabundance:
symbolofabundance
InallusiontotheancientGreekmythology.Jose（Zeus）afterbirth,themotherRhea（Rhea）wasafraidofhisfatherCronus（Cronus/Cronos）areswallowed,andhidhiminacaveinCrete,andentrustedtotheAmartayohya（Amalthea）support.AlMartmilkheusedtosupportAsia（MondayalMartAsiamymotherisagoat,sheusedhermilkfeedingJose）.Thegoatbrokeacorner,shewasinthecornerfilledwithflowersandfruitforJose.LaterJoseoverthrewhisfather'
sreign,becomethekingofthegods,Amaroffersandthehornstoheaventhisisatreasure.Horns,whoownsit,towhattowhat,itisregardedasthesymbolofwealthandinexhaustiblefertility.Itiscalled"
cornucopia"
ofplentyorhornofhornEnglishabundance,sometimesalsoforAmalthea."
Shorn.
Example:
Nature,very,oddly,when,the,horn,of,plenty,is,quite,empty,babies.,always,fills,it,with,strangetosay,whennaturedoesnotgiveenoughgrain,itoftenleavesmorebabies
3.,Midas,touch,theabilitytomakealotofmoney;
theabilitytomakemoneyeverywhere
InallusiontotheancientGreeklegend.ThereisacountrycalledWestCentralAsiaMinorPhrygian（Phrygia）,KingMidas（Midas）covetwealth,wantedtobecometherichestmanintheworld.Dionysus（Dionysus）gratefultoMidasforhisformerteacher'
shelp,MidasallpromisedtomeetaMidasrequest.PrayforGodtogranthimthegoldenpointofthespell.Afterthat,hefulfilledthealchemyeverywhereheappearedingold,allthingsintogold.However,notonlystonesintogold,flowersandhousefurnishings,evenfoodanddrink,andevenhismostbeloveddaughterbecamegold.Finally,hehadtoaskGodtolifthistouch.DionysusthenlethimtoParkerTOROJ（Pactolus）Rivertotakeabath,inordertorecoverhismagic,everythingisbacktonormal.Accordingtothisstory,peopleTheMidastouchreferstotheabilitytomakebigmoneyandtheabilitytomakemoneyeverywhere.Thephraseisoftenusedwiththeverb"
have"
.
例：
鲍伯是一个商人银行家和真的有点石成金的。
鲍博是一位商业银行家，很懂得生财之道。
他所有的公司都是非常有利的。
他有点石成金的本领。
他所有的公司盈利甚丰。
他有赚大钱的本领。
4。
在奥萨难上加难山堆，高了又高
典出希腊神话。
海神波塞东（波塞冬）有两个孙子（一说孪生儿子），名叫鄂托斯（OTU）和俄菲阿尔特斯（ephialthes），合称阿洛伊代（阿洛伊代）。
他们身材十分高大，自幼力大无比。
为了登上天堂向天后赫拉（Hera）和狩猎女神阿尔特密斯（Artemis）求爱，他们试图把伯利翁山（山）垒到奥萨山（Ossa）上。
可是未等他俩动手，他们便被太阳神阿波罗杀掉了，计划终未实现。
后人用山堆在奥萨一语表示”难上加难”或”高了又高”。
此语亦作堆山Ossa。
要求我管理部门和教满工作量的课程是在Ossa山堆。
要求我管理这个系，并教满工作量的课程，这是难上加难。
5。
“一刀切”逼人就范之物；
讲求一致的制度（或政策等）
典出古希腊神话。
相传在雅典附近有一个著名大盗名叫Procrustes（普罗克拉斯提斯）。
他身材高大，凶残异常。
他在路旁开设黑店，拦截过往行人。
他特制了两张床，一长一短，强迫劫来的旅客躺在铁床上，腿短者睡长床，拔之使与床齐长，体长者睡短床，以利斧截其下肢，故人称之为”铁床匪”。
后来，希腊英雄忒修斯（特修斯）奉母命前往雅典寻父路经此地，把这个穷凶极恶的大盗捉住，并以其人之道还治其人之身，缚之于短床，砍其伸出肢体，使之疼痛而死，为民除去一害强求一致。
据此故事产生了一语，常用以喻指”逼人就范之物”，“强求一致的制度（或政策）”，有时直译作”普罗克拉斯提寺之床”。
它亦作床Procrustes或procrustes'
bed，常与在或使搭配，作地方某人/某物上强求一致和使某人/某物适合强求一致，表示”逼人就范”，相当于汉语成语“削足适履一词的首字母往往小写削足适履”。
规则是基于拉丁语法，语法学家试图把英语语言正是在这一“一刀切”。
这些规则以阿拉丁字母为基础，而语法家们试图把英语强行纳入的正是这张”普罗克拉斯提之床”。
我们也不应该试图限制在一个单一的想法PROCRUSTES床柏拉图的对话。
我们也不应该把柏拉图的对话硬行限制在某个概念上，就像把人硬塞到普罗克拉斯提寺的床上那样。
他们有一些特殊的理论来维持，任何不符合他们的“一刀切”立即谴责。
他们都持有某种特殊理论，凡与他们死板的标准不相符合者，便会立即受到排斥。
6。
在功劳簿上固步自封休息，吃老本。
桂的本以为”月挂树”。
在希腊，罗马神话中月挂树是太阳神阿波罗的圣树。
据希腊（罗马）神话，阿波罗爱上了神女达弗涅（达芙妮）。
为了摆脱阿波罗的追求，达弗涅变成了一棵月挂树阿波罗伤感不已，取月挂树枝叶编成冠冕戴在头上，
HesaidthistoDaphne'
sadmirationandnostalgia.TheancientGreeksandRomanstothecrownoflaurelisawardedthedistinguishedpoet,heroorathleticwinners.ThelaterEuropeantitleasthetitleofhonor,thiscustomhasspreadsofar.Therefore,laurelisoftenametaphorof"
crown"
"
honor"
andofteninthepluralform.Restononeslaurels"
idiomsinlaurels:
inthissense,thephraseis"
satisfiedwiththehonor"
"
conservative"
laurels"
.Thisisalsosit（sitback）onone'
slaurels.andtworelatedidioms:
looktoone'
slaurels,reap/gain/win（oneslaurels）,respectively,said"
becarefultokeephonor"
win"
We,should,not,rest,on,our,laurels,but,should,work,even,,harder,and,become,successful.,still,more
Weshouldnotcontentourselveswithlaurels,butshouldworkharderandachievegreatersuccess
The,school,used,to,have,good,reputation,but,it,has,been,resting,a,on,its,,laurels,for,long.,too
Thisschoolhasagoodreputationinthepast,butforalongtimeithasbeenrestingonitslaurels.
The,older,members,of,the,will,have,to,look,team,to,their,laurels,,when,young,people,join.
Aftertheyoungmancomesin,theoldplayerhastokeephishonourverycarefully
He,won,the,regional,laurels,and,went,on,,to,the,finals.
Heenteredthefinalafterhewasawardedtheconferencetitle
7.SoptoCerberusbribe
Originallyinancientfairytales.TheCerberusinterpreter"
KerrBaiLuoSi"
RomeistheancientGreekmythologythatguardstheunderworldentrance,alongwiththreeheads.Itdoesnotletthelivinggoinnorletthedeadgoout.AncientRomepoetVirgil（Virgil,70-19BC）wrotetheepicENeut（Aeneid）,thereissuchadescription:
TroyheroAeneas（Aeneas）undertheguidanceofwitchestravelthroughtheunderworld.AndthegatesofHades,witchputapieceofpoppyflowerssoakedwithhoneyandcookiestothrowCerberus,ithadfallenasleep,theyaresafeby.Therefore,inancientGreeceandRomeisapopularfolkcustomafterdeath,wasburiedinadditiontoputacoininthemouthastheshipcrossingfees,butalsothingslikeapieceofcakeinhishand,asCerberusfedfood,butalsoasabribe,thedeadinfromtheentrancetoHadesforpass.
Theword"
AsoptoCerberus"
literallymeans"
breadforthecuttingofcypress."
.Peopleuseitasametaphorfor"
bribe"
usingtheword"
giveasoptoCerberus"
as"
bribingtheguards（officials,makingdifficulties,etc.）"
takingbribes."
.A,SOP,to,andCerberusareoftenusedwithverbssuchasbe,fling,throw,andsoon.Butthisisusedlater,peopletendtoomitthesecondhalf,thedirectuseofSOPmetaphorrefersto"
especially"
smallbribe"
I,can,give,that,Cerberus,a,SOP,I,shall,be,at,,rest,for,one,day.
IfIgivetheguardalittle,Icanrestforaday.
The,small,pay,increase,that,workers,have,just,the,received,is,only,,a,SOP,to,Cerberus.
Thelittleincreasethattheworkersjustgotwasonlyasmallcomfort.
8.sowdragonteethssowseedsofdiscord（ordestruction）
Theliteraltranslationis"
sowing,toothcodeofGreekmythology.PrinceFinikiCardMoss（Cadmus）inthenameofthefatherforlifebyLordJose（Zeus）fromsisterEuropa（Europa）,buthasnotfound,noYanreturntohometown.ThenhefollowedthesungodAppollo（Apollo）oftheOracle,giveupthesearch,andfollowacowwalking,createanewcityinhisplacetoliedown.Butbeforethecitywasbuilt,
Hehadtowrestlewithahugedragonthathadruledtheland.CardMosskilledthedragon,thegoddessAthenawillremoveitsseedintotheground.Isawagroupofferociouswarriorsfromtheground.Thewarriorskilledeachother,leavingonlyfivepeopleatlast.Later,CardMossbuiltthecityofThebeswiththehelpofthefiveknights.BecausefighteachothercausedbythesamuraiCardMossplantingAralia,latergenerationswithsowDragon'
steethsaidtheterm"
sow（tooneselfareunfavorabletothepeople）not（ordestruction）seeds"
Wherever,Aunt,Martha,goes,she,sows,dragon,teeth.,s
AuntMarthagotowhere,wherethetrouble.
Butthedangeristhatshewilltry,thatshewillsowDragonsteethamongtheresentful"
middleclass,thatshewill,inshort,sharpenappetitesthatcannotsatisfy.,butthedangeristhatshewilltry,shewillprovokedisputesamongtheresentfulmiddleclass.Inshort,shewillkeepherappetiteupanddown.
9.Sphinxsriddle"
Sphinxriddle;
AncientGreekmyths.TheSphinxinterpreter,"
SteefanKors"
isawingedSphinxbanshee.SheThebesinancientGreeceattheend（Thebes）outsidethecity,withMousika（theMuses）toteachherriddleletpassersguess,guesswhoiskilled,killedmanypeople.Oedipus（Oedipus）determinedtogetridof,volunteeredtoanswerthemany,thisriddleis:
"
thereisonething.Morningafternooneveningquadrupeds,twofeet,threefeet,whatisthis?
Oedipusreplied:
thisisaman,becausepeoplecrawlinginthebabiesgrowupfeetwalking,walkingstaffisold."
SteefanKorsmysteryhasbeenOedipusends,hejumpedfromthetopofacliffanddied.Thisistheso-called
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