学年人教版英语必修四新素养同步讲义Unit 4 Body language 1 Section Ⅰ Word版含答案.docx

学年人教版英语必修四新素养同步讲义Unit 4 Body language 1 Section Ⅰ Word版含答案.docx

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学年人教版英语必修四新素养同步讲义Unit4Bodylanguage1SectionⅠWord版含答案

握手是人与人问候的基本礼仪，但方式不同，表达的意义也大不相同。

TheSecretoftheSuccessfulHandshake

Thesecretofthesuccessfulhandshakeisnosecretanymore.ManagementconsultantRobertE.Brownexplainswhatshakinghandsisallaboutinhisbook,TheArt,thePower,theMagic:

HowtoReadHandsThatTalk.

Forexample,todothe“AllAmericanHandshake”，youhavetolookintoanotherperson’seyes,holdhisorherwholehand,twoorthreetimes.AccordingtoBrown,thisisthehandshakeofagoodlistenerandtrustworthyperson.

Politiciansandsalespeopleoftenusethe“TwoHandedHandshake”becauseit’sextrafriendly.Theyputtheirlefthandontheotherperson’sarmorshoulderastheyshakehands.Thiscanfeeltoofriendlytosomepeople,soit’sbesttouseitwithgoodfriends.

Watchoutforpeoplewithhandshakesthatpullyourfingers,ortwist（扭转）yourhand.Ifyougetoneofthesehandshakes,thepersonistryingtointimidate（恐吓）you.

Twomoreuncomfortablehandshakesarethe“PalmPinch”andthe“DeadFish”.APalmPinchershakesyourhandwithonlyafewfingers.IntheDeadFishhandshake,theperson’shandslidesoutofthehandshake.It’spossiblethatthepeoplewiththesehandshakesareembarrassed（尴尬的）orshy.

Shakinghandsisanimportantpartofbodylanguage.Itcanidentifysomeoneastruthful,friendly,powerful,ornervous.It’shardtobesuccessfulwithoutknowingaboutagoodhandshakesuchastheAllAmerican.Ifthisisn’tyournaturalhandshake,don’tworry.MrBrownsaysthatyoucanchangeyourhandshakewithlotsofpractice.So,goonoutthereandstartshakinghands.Justthinkofallthepeopleyoucanmeet!

SectionⅠ　WarmingUp&Reading—Comprehending

重点单词

写作词汇

1.dormitoryn.宿舍

2.canteenn.食堂

3.approachvt.&vi.接近；靠近；走近

n.接近；方法；途径

4.cheekn.面颊

5.majoradj.主要的

6.adultn.成人；成年人

adj.成人的；成熟的

7.dashvi.猛冲；突进

8.flight__n.飞行；航班

拓展词汇

9.likelyadj.可能的→unlikelyadj.不可能的

10.statementn．陈述；说明→statev．陈述；说明

11.greetvi.&vt.迎接；问候→greetingn．迎接；问候；招呼

12.representvt.代表；象征→representationn．代表，代表团；代理→representativeadj.代表性的n．代表，代理人

13.associationn．社团；联系；联想→associatev．把……联系起来

14.curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn．好奇心

15.defendvt.保护；保卫→defencen．防御；保卫

16.misunderstandvt.误解；误会→misunderstandingn．误解；误会

阅读词汇

17.simplyadv.简单地；只

18.Muslimn．&adj.穆斯林（的）;__伊斯兰教信徒（的）

19.posturen.姿势；体态

20.crossroadsn.十字路口

重点短语

1.put__up举起；抬起

2.in__defence保卫；防御

3.kiss__sb.on__the__cheek亲吻某人的脸

4.be__likely__to很可能……；有希望……

5.in__general总的来说；通常

6.defend...against防御；保卫……以免受

重点句型

1.thefirst/second/.../last＋名词＋todo...：

The__first__person__to__arrive（第一个到达的人）wasTonyGarciafromColombia,closelyfollowedbyJuliaSmithfromBritain.

2.状语从句的省略：

Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands,as__if__in__defence（好像是在自卫）.

3.notall...表示部分否定：

Not__all__cultures（并不是所有文化）greeteachotherthesameway,noraretheycomfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.

Fastreading

Skimthetextanddothefollowingexercises.

1．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A．Communication.B．Spokenlanguage.

C．Bodylanguage.D．Differentcultures.

答案：

C

2．Matchthemainideaofeachparagraph.

Para.1　　　A．Tosuggeststudyinginternationalcustoms.　

Paras.2－3B．TomeettheinternationalstudentsattheCapitalInternationalAirport.

Para.4C．Tointroducethestudentstoeachotherandexplaintheirdifferentwaysofgreeting.

Para.5D．Toexplaindifferentcultural“bodylanguage”insomecountries.

答案：

BCDA

Carefulreading

Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.

1．Inwhichofthefollowingcountriesdopeoplegreeteachotherinthesameway?

A．ColombiaandBritain.

B．SpainandItaly.

C．FranceandJordan.

D．ChinaandJapan.

2．Howdoesthetextdevelop?

A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bygivingdata.

C．Bygivingdefinition.D．Bymakingcomparisons.

3．What’sthepurposeofthesecondparagraph?

A．Togiveexamplesofmistakestheinternationalstudentsmake.

B．Togiveexamplesofculturaldifferencesinbodylanguage.

C．Toshowhowsurprisedwearebytheirdifferentbehavior.

D．Toshowhowimportantbodylanguageis.

4．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．Nevertoooldtolearn.

B．WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.

C．Foureyesseemorethantwo.

D．Everycountryhasitsowncustoms.

答案：

1－4.BABB

Studyreading

Analyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.

1．Theyshookhandsandthenkissedeachothertwiceoneachcheek,sincethatistheFrenchcustomwhenadultsmeetpeopletheyknow.

本句是一个复合句。

句子的主语是They，since引导的是原因状语从句，在从句中when引导的是时间状语从句。

[翻译]　两个人握了握手，并且在对方的面颊上亲吻了两下。

因为法国成年人见到他们认识的人时通常就是这么做的。

2．Inthesamewaythatpeoplecommunicatewithspokenlanguage,theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsusingunspoken“language”throughphysicaldistance,actionsorposture.

本句是一个复合句。

Inthesamewaythat...是句子的状语，way是先行词，关系代词that引导的是定语从句。

句子的主语是they；usingunspoken“language”throughphysicaldistance,actionsorposture是现在分词作伴随状语。

[翻译]　如同用口头语言交流一样，人们还使用无声的语言——身体间的距离、动作或姿势，来表达他们的情感。

3．Mostpeoplearoundtheworldnowgreeteachotherbyshakinghands,butsomeculturesuseothergreetingsaswell,suchastheJapanese,whoprefertobow.

本句是一个并列句，并列连词but连接两个分句。

在第二个分句中，Japanese是先行词，who引导的是非限制性定语从句。

[翻译]　现在世界上多数人见面时握手相互问候，但有些文化（背景的人）会采取另外一些寒暄的方式。

比方说，日本人就更愿意鞠躬。

①represent[ˌreprI'zent]vt.代表；象征

②association[əˌsəʊsI'eIʃn]n.社团；联系；联想

③dormitory['dɔːmItrI]n.宿舍

④canteen[kæn'tiːn]n.食堂

⑤flight[flaIt]n.飞行；航班

⑥curiously['kjʊərIəslI]adv.好奇地

curious['kjʊərIəs]adj.好奇的

curiosity[ˌkjʊərI'ɒsItI]n.好奇心

⑦greet[ɡriːt]vi.&vt.迎接；问候；和（某人）打招呼（或问好）

⑧approach[ə'prəʊtʃ]vt.&vi.接近；靠近；走近n．接近；方法；途径

⑨kisssb.onthecheek亲吻某人的脸颊

cheek[tʃiːk]n.面颊

⑩indefence保卫；防御

defence[dI'fens]n.防御；保卫

defend[dI'fend]vt.保护；保卫

defend...against防御；保卫……以免受

⑪major['meIdʒə]adj.主要的

⑫misunderstandingn．误解；误会

misunderstand[ˌmIsʌndə'stænd]vt.误解；误会

⑬reachone’shandouttosb.向某人伸出手

⑭bow[baʊ]v．鞠躬

⑮dash[dæʃ]vi.猛冲；突进

⑯adult['ædʌlt；USə'dʌlt]

n．成人；成年人adj.成人的；成熟的

⑰onthecontrary与此相反，恰恰相反

contrarytosth.与某事相反

⑱simply['sImplI]adv.简单地；只

⑲gettodosth.逐渐做某事

get之后的动词不定式多为表示认知过程或心理变化的动词，如gettoknow,gettounderstand,gettorealize,gettoadmit等。

⑳spoken['spəʊkən]adj.口语的，口头的

posture['pɒstʃə]n.姿势

belikelyto很可能……；有希望……

likely['laIklI]adj.可能的

aswell此处意为“也，又”，相当于副词too，多置于肯定句的句末。

prefer[prI'fɜː（r）]v.更喜欢

prefertodosth.更喜欢做某事

ingeneral（＝generallyspeaking）总的来说；通常（写文章或说话时作总结用的插入语）

though在此处为副词，意为“然而”。

crossroads['krɒsrəʊdz]n.十字路口

atthe/acrossroads（人生或发展）处于关键时刻，在紧要关头

【核心素养链接】

在面对面的沟通中，人们大部分的信息交流是通过无声的身体语言实现的。

身体语言，也称肢体语言，是指非词语性的身体符号，包括目光与面部表情、身体运动与触摸、身体姿势与外表、身体之间的空间距离等。

通过身体语言实现的沟通，称作身体语言沟通。

身体语言在人际沟通中有着口头语言所不能替代的作用。

因此，要了解他人，我们就要善于观察对方的身体语言；而在沟通的时候，要善于利用自己的身体语言，以便于更好地表达自己。

COMMUNICATION：

NOPROBLEM?

Yesterday,anotherstudentandI,representing①ouruniversity’sstudentassociation②，wenttotheCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear’sinternationalstudents.TheywerecomingtostudyatBeijingUniversity.Wewouldtakethemfirsttotheirdormitories③andthentothestudentcanteen④.Afterhalfanhourofwaitingfortheirflight⑤toarrive,Isawseveralyoungpeopleenterthewaitingarealookingaroundcuriously⑥.Istoodforaminutewatchingthemandthenwenttogreet⑦them.

◆现在分词短语representingouruniversity’sstudentassociation作定语，前后有逗号隔开，相当于一个非限制性定语从句。

◆现在分词短语lookingaroundcuriously作伴随状语。

◆现在分词短语watchingthem作伴随状语。

　　ThefirstpersontoarrivewasTonyGarciafromColombia,closelyfollowedbyJuliaSmithfromBritain.AfterImetthemandthenintroducedthemtoeachother,Iwasverysurprised.Tonyapproached⑧Julia,touchedhershoulderandkissedheronthecheek⑨！

Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands,asifindefence

.Iguessedthattherewasprobablyamajor⑪misunderstanding⑫.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancameinsmiling,togetherwithGeorgeCookfromCanada.Astheywereintroduced,Georgereachedhishandoutto⑬theJapanesestudent.Justatthatmoment,however,Akirabowed⑭sohisnosetouchedGeorge’smovinghand.Theybothapologized—anotherculturalmistake!

◆本句中closelyfollowedby...是过去分词短语作状语。

Thefirstpersontoarrive意思是“第一个到达的人”，不定式toarrive作后置定语，修饰person。

Thefirstperson与arrive之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。

◆现在分词短语appearingsurprised作伴随状语；asifindefence是asifshewasindefence的省略。

AhmedAziz,anotherinternationalstudent,wasfromJordan.Whenwemetyesterday,hemovedveryclosetomeasIintroducedmyself.Imovedbackabit,buthecameclosertoaskaquestionandthenshookmyhand.WhenDarleneCoulonfromFrancecamedashing⑮throughthedoor,sherecognizedTonyGarcia’ssmilingface.Theyshookhandsandthenkissedeachothertwiceoneachcheek,sincethatistheFrenchcustomwhenadults⑯meetpeopletheyknow.AhmedAziz,onthecontrary⑰，simply⑱noddedatthegirls.MenfromMiddleEasternandotherMuslimcountrieswilloftenstandquiteclosetoothermentotalkbutwillusuallynottouchwomen.

◆现在分词短语dashingthroughthedoor作状语，修饰came。

　　AsIgettoknow⑲moreinternationalfriends,Ilearnmoreaboutthiscultural“bodylanguage”.Notallculturesgreeteachotherthesameway,noraretheycomfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.Inthesamewaythatpeoplecommunicatewithspoken⑳language,theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsusingunspoken“language”throughphysicaldistance,actionsorposture

.Englishpeople,forexample,donotusuallystandveryclosetoothersortouchstrangersassoonastheymeet.However,peoplefromplaceslikeSpain,ItalyorSouthAmericancountriesapproachotherscloselyandaremorelikelyto

touchthem.Mostpeoplearoundtheworldnowgreeteachotherbyshakinghands,butsomeculturesuseothergreetingsaswell

suchastheJapanese,whoprefer

tobow．