人教版高中英语必修5专项训练阅读理解Word格式文档下载.docx
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manycitieswithbansstillallowshoppers
purchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergy
produceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeugly
lookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofall
garbage
onthegroundtoday.
Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:
reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergy
make.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.
Environmentalistsdon'
tdispute（质疑）thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshoppers
usethesamereusablebagsforyears.
1.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?
A.Helpincreasegrocerysales.
B.Recyclethewastematerial.
C.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.
D.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.
2.Whatdoestheword“headwinds”inparagraph2referto?
A.Bansonplasticbags.
B.Effectsofcitydevelopment.
C.Headachescausedbygarbage.
D.Plasticbagshungintrees.
3.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?
A.Theyarequiteexpensive.
B.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.
C.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.
D.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.
4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Plastic,PaperorNeither
B.Industry,PollutionandEnvironment
C.RecycleorThrowAway
D.GarbageCollectionandWasteControl
2、
Asweallknow,StephenHawkingwritesthebookABriefHistoryofTimethatexplainstheoriginoftheuniverse.Thebookspent147weeksonTheNewYorkTimesBestSellerListandhassold10millioncopies.Heis,mostagree,verysmart.
InhisrecentlypublishedautobiographyMyBriefHistory,Hawkingoffersfourlifelessonsonhowtobecomeagenius.
（1）Don'
tmissopportunitiesbybeingtoocool“Weshowedanairofcompleteboredomandthefeelingthatnothingwasworthmakinganeffortfor.Oneresultofmyillnesshasbeentochangeallthat.Whenyouarefacedwiththepossibilityofanearlydeath,itmakesyourealizethatlifeisworthlivingandthattherearelotsofthingsyouwanttodo.MSeizethemoment,asOxfordwouldsay.
（2）Keepitsimple
WhenwritingABriefHistoryofTime,hetriedtomakescienceunderstandablefortherestoftheUS.
“Iwassurethatnearlyeveryoneisinterestedinhowtheuniverseoperates,butmostpeoplecannotfollowmathematicalequations（数学公式）.”Hehastroublewiththem,too.“Thisispartlybecauseitisdifficultformetowritethemdown,butmainlybecauseIdon'
thaveaninbornfeelingforequations.Myaiminthebookwastodescribethesementalimagesinwords.Itissuchaneasybookthateverybodycanunderstandit.”Themoral:
youdon’thavetobeageniustoknoweverything.
（3）Havefun
Hawkinghasalonghistoryofbeingajoker,andhehasplacedlotsofbetswithotherscientistsonthenatureofblackholes.OnewaswithCal-TechscientistJohnPreskill.AfterpayingoffhisbetbygivingPreskillabaseballencyclopedia,Hawkingwrote,“ButmaybeIshouldhavejustgivenhimtheashes.”Solightenup!
Geniuseslikebadjokestoo.
（4）Alwayslookforasilverlining（evenifyouareseriouslyill）
Hawking'
sdiseasehasslowlyrobbedhimoftheabilitytowalk,movehisarms,evenspeakButHawkingsays.“InsomewaysIguessmydisabilityhasbeenanassist:
Ihaven'
thadtolectureorteachstudents,andIhaven'
thadtositinmeetings.SoIhavebeenabletodevotemyselfcompletelytoresearch.”Inotherwords,Hawkingwasgivenlemons，andhemadeChampagne.
1.ThepassagetellsusthefactsaboutABriefHistoryofTimeEXCEPTthat.
A.itexplainedtheoriginoftheuniverse
B.ithassold10millioncopiesuptonow
C.itspent147weeksonTheNewYorkTimesBestSellerList
D.itincludedHawking'
sfourlifelessonsonhowtobecomeagenius
2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisguidingyoutobeagenius?
A.Placelotsofbetswithyourfriends.
B.Seizethemomenttolearneverything.
C.Findsomethinggoodeveninbadsituations.
D.Gettoknoweverythingincludingmathematicalequations.
3.Hawkingshowshisviewpointby.
A.makingcomparisons
B.quotingafamoussaying
C.listingthenumbersandequations
D.talkingabouthisownexperience
4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.Hawkingwasunabletowalkgradually.
B.Hawkingtriedtomakephysicsunderstandable.
C.Mostpeoplethinkheisn’tsmartenough.
D.Hehasbeenabletodevotehimselftomaths.
3、
Oneofthegreatestgiftsonegenerationcangivetoothergenerationsisthewisdomithasgainedfromexperience.Thisideahasinspiredtheaward-winningphotographerAndrewZuckerman.Heinterviewedandtookphotosoffiftyover-sixty-five-year-oldsallovertheworld.Hisprojectexploresvariousaspectsoftheirlives.Thephotosandinterviewsarenowavailableonourwebsite.
Clickontheintroductionstoreadthecompleteinterviews.
Letusnowhaveacultureofpeace.
—FedericoMayorZaragoza,Spain
FedericoMayorZaragozaobtainedadoctorateinpharmacy（药学）fromtheComplutenseUniversityofMadridin1958.Aftermanyyearsspentinpolitics,hebecameDirector-GeneralofUNESCOin1987.In1999,hecreatedtheFoundationforaCultureofPeace,ofwhichheisnowthepresident.Inadditiontomanyscientificpublications,hehaspublishedfourcollectionsofpoemsandseveralbooksofessays.
Writingisadiscovery.
—NadineGordimer,SouthAfrica
Duetoaweakheart,NadineGordimerattendedschoolanduniversitybriefly.Shereadwidelyandbeganwritingatanearlyage.Shepublishedherfirstshortstoryattheageoffifteen,andhascompletedalargenumberofworks,whichhavebeentranslatedintofortylanguages.In1991,GordimerwontheNobelPrizeforLiterature.
Jazzisabouttheonlyformofarttoday.
—DaveBrubeck,USA
DaveBrubeckstudiedmusicattheUniversityofthePacificandgraduatedin1942.AfterWorldWarTwohewasencouragedtoplayjazz.In1951,herecordedhisfirstalbum（专辑）.Brubeck’s1959albumhasbecomeajazzstandard.HereceivedaGrammyLifetimeAchievementAwardin1996.
1.WhydidAndrewZuckermanchoosethefiftyeldersforhisproject?
A.Becausetheirwisdomdeservestobepassedon.
B.Becausetheyarephysicallyimpressive.
C.Becausetheiraccomplishmentsinspiredhim.
D.Becausetheyhavesimilarexperiences.
2.Accordingtothewebpage,FedericoMayorZaragoza_____.
A.haswonmanyawardsforhisworkinpolitics
B.hasservedasthepresidentofauniversity
C.hasdevotedallhislifetothefieldofscience
D.hasmadeachievementsindifferentareas
3.Whomostprobablysaid“Myeducationhasbeenthelibraryandbooks”intheinterviewwhenreflectingonhis/herexperience?
A.AndrewZuckerman.
B.FedericoMayorZaragoza.
C.NadineGordimer.
D.DaveBrubeck.
4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthiswebpage?
A.ToshowZuckerman’sawards.
B.TopublicizeZuckerman’sproject.
C.Tospreadthewisdomofthethreepeople.
D.Tocelebratetheachievementsofthethreepeople.
4、
Aworld-famousCanadianauthor,MargaretAtwood,hascreatedtheworld'
sfirstlong-distancesigningdevice（装置）,theLongPen.
Aftermanytiringbook-signingtoursfromcitytocity,Atwoodthoughttheremustbeabetterwaytodothem.Shehiredsometechnicalexpertsandstartedherowncompanyin2004.TogethertheydesignedtheLongPen.Here'
showitworks:
Theauthorwritesapersonalmessageandsignatureonacomputertablet（手写板）usingaspecialpen.Onthereceivingend,inanothercity,aroboticarmfittedwitharegularpensignsthebook.Theauthorandfancantalkwitheachotherviawebcams（网络摄像机）andcomputerscreens.
WorkontheLongPenbeganinAtwood’sbasement（地下室）.Atfirst,theyhadnoideaitwouldashardasitturnedouttobe.Thedevicewentthroughseveralversions,includingonethatactuallyhadsmokecomingoutofit.Theinventingfinallycompleted,testrunsweremadeinOttawa,andtheLongPenwasofficiallylaunchedatthe2006LondonBookFair.Fromhere,AtwoodconductedtwotransatlanticbooksigningsofherlatestbookforfansinTorontoandNewYorkCity.
TheLongPenproducesauniquesignatureeachtimebecauseitcopiesthemovementoftheauthorinrealtime.Ithasseveralotherpotentialapplications.Itcouldincreasecreditcardsecurityandallowpeopletosigncontractsfromanotherprovince.ThevideoexchangebetweensignerandreceivercanherecordedonDVDforproofwhenlegaldocumentsareused.
'
'
It'
sreallyfun,"
saidtheownerofabookstore,whowaspresentforoneofthetestruns."
Obviouslyyoucan'
tshakehandswiththeauthor,buttherearechancesforaconnectionthatyoudon'
tgetfromaregularbooksigning."
Theresponsetot
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