届高考英语二轮复习语法突破16特殊句式附答案.docx
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届高考英语二轮复习语法突破16特殊句式附答案
2020届高考英语二轮复习语法突破16【特殊句式】
高考英语特殊句式用法速查速记
考点一 倒装句
完全
倒装
表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语here,there,now,then,up,down,away,off,in,out,intheroom,onthewall等置于句首,且主语为名词时
部分[来源:
学科网ZXXK]
倒装[来源:
学科网ZXXK][来源:
学+科+网Z+X+X+K]
否定副词(never,neither,nor,hardly,little,seldom,rarely等)或表示否定意义的介词短语(atnotime,bynomeans,onnocondition,innocase等)置于句首
时[来源:
学科网ZXXK][来源:
学科网]
only修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句,且置于句首时
so/neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语,意为“……也是如此/也不……”
在notonly...but(also)...句型中,若notonly置于句首时,需将notonly所在的句子部分倒装
not
until...置于句首时,主句需部分倒装
so...that...和such...that...句式中,so或such及其所修饰的成分置于句首时,主句需部分倒装
例:
Notuntilrecentlydidtheyencouragethedevelopmentoftouristrelatedactivitiesin
theruralare
as.
直到近期,他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。
Onlyaftertheyhaddiscussedthematterforseveralhoursdidtheyreachadecision.
他们只有在讨论这个问题几个小时之后才做决定。
Welaughatjokes,butseldomdowethinkabouthowtheywork.
我们听到笑话时会笑,却很少去考虑它们是如何让我们发笑的。
Johnopenedthedoor.Therestoodagirlhehadneverseenbefore.
约翰打开门,一个他以前从未见过的女孩站在那里。
考点二 强调句
1.陈述句式:
Itis/was...that/who...(强调主语且主语为人时可用that或who,其他情况只用that)
一般疑问句:
Is/Was+it+...that/who...?
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+is/was+it+that...?
例:
ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.
正是当我回到公寓的时候,我第一次偶然遇见我的新邻居们。
Wasitonalonelyislandthathewassavedonemonthaftertheboatwentdown?
他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗?
2.“not...until...”的强调句:
Itis/wasnotuntil...that...
ItwasnotuntilIcameherethatIrealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyits
beautybutalsoitsweather.
直到我来到这儿,我才知道这个地方出名不仅因为它的美,还因为它的天气。
3.强调谓语动词,用do/does/did+动词原形。
该结构只用于肯定句,并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。
Docomeontimethisevening.今天晚上一定要准时来啊。
Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.上周他确实给你写信了。
Tomdoesstudyhardnow.现在Tom的确学习很努力。
考点三其他特殊句式
一、省略句
1.状语从句的省略
当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词,构成下列结构:
连词+形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。
例:
Children,whenaccompaniedbytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.
孩子们在父母的陪同下才被允许进入该体育馆。
2.不定式的省略
(1)在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语),只保留不定式符号to。
常用在expect,hope,intend,mean,try,want,wish等词后。
例:
Firstly,peoplemayfeelforcedwhenaskedtodothingsthattheydon’twantto.
首先,当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。
(2)but用作介词,意为“除……之外”时,前面有实义动词do,后接不定式时,要省略to;但前面没有实义动词do时,后接的不定式不省略to。
例:
Ifhetakesonthiswork,hewillhavenochoicebuttomeetanevengreaterchallenge.
如果他接受这份工作,除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。
注意:
特殊的省略结构:
if省略结构,常作为插入语来处理。
ifso 如果这样的话
ifnot如果不;不然的话
ifever如果曾经有的话
ifnecessary如果有必要的话
ifpossible
如果可能的话
ifany如果有的话
二、感叹句
1.what引导的感叹句
(1)What+a/an+(adj.+)单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
(2)What+(adj.+)不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语!
2.how引导的感叹句
(1)How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!
(2)How+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
(3)How+主语+谓语!
例:
Whatastrangeplant(=Howstrangeaplant)!
I’veneverseenitbefore.
多么奇怪的一种植物啊!
我以前从未见过。
Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.
这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。
三、祈使句
祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。
祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you(常省略)。
祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加don’t,也可用副词never来构成。
祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。
例:
DoyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.
看电视之前要先做你的家庭作业。
四、therebe句型
1.therebe句型中的be可以有不同的时态,可以和助动词或情态动词连用。
并且be有时可用live,remain,stand,lie,exist,seemtobe,appeartobe,happentobe,usedtobe等替换。
例:
Therehavebeenmanygreatchangesinourcountrysincethen.
自从那时起我国发生了很多大的变化。
Onceuponatimetherelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.
从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。
2.therebe句型的常考句型:
Thereisnopoint/sense(in)doingsth.
做某事没有意义。
Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……
Thereisnoneed(forsb.)todosth.
(某人)没有必要做某事。
例:
Thereisnodifficulty/troubleindoing/withsth.
做某事没有困难。
Thereisnopossibilityof(doing)sth.
(做)某事没有可能性。
Thereisnopossibilitythat...
……是不可能的。
答题技巧点拨巧解特殊句式
1.熟记句型结构,轻松确定答案
常考的特殊句型都有一定的规律和句式结构,只要平时记住这些规律和特征,便可轻松确定答案。
比如强调句基本结构为“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who...”,其判断方法:
若去掉Itis/was和that/who之后,句子仍完整,则题干为强调句。
2.巧用还原法,化
难为易
对于一些特殊句型,一般情况
下,考生可以把它还原为正常句型,如把倒装语序还原为正常语序,把省略句补全等,便能降低解题难度。
高考英语二轮复习语法突破16【特殊句式】测试题
一、倒装句
单句语法填空
1.Iwasintroubleinovercomingmyaddictiontoalcohol,and______wasmyfriendMike.
2.Sotouching______thesongsoundthatIcouldn'tholdmytearsbackwhenIhearditforthefirsttime.
3.OnehasreasontobelievethatChina'santi-corruptionoverthepastfewyears,tough______itis,hasachievedinspiringprogress.
4.Onlythen______werealizetherewasanearthquake.Iwastoofrightenedtomove.
5.Sonecessary_______Ifoundittolearnaboutmykid'sschoolworkthatIwillvisithisteachersnextweek.
6.Nota.singleword______hesaywhenhewasasked,whichmadehisparentsangry.
7.Itisrequiredthatundernocircumstances_______webetrayourselveseveniftherearetemptationslikemoneyorbeauty.
8.OnlyafterMaryreadheressaythesecondtime_______shenoticethespellingmistake.
9.Never______itrealisticfo
rEuropetolaytoomuchhopeonChinaitsincethedebtproblemwillonlybesolvedbyEuropeancountriesthemselves.
10.Hejumpedattheopportunitywhenhesawtheadvertisementinanewspaper,becausebarely______(can)hemakeendsmeet.
11.NotuntilIreturned_______Irealizethataquiettownlifewasthebestforme.
12.Bythesideoftheplaygroundofourschool______(stand)thenewlibrary,whichwasbuiltin2018withthesupportofagenerousbusinessman.
二、强调句
单句语法填空
1.Inmylife,itismuswhichisextremelyimportant___bringsmeclosertomyfriendsandfamily.
2.Althoughitwastenyearsago______Ireadthebook,itshowsmeauniversaltruththatbooksarefriends,alwayspushingustomoveon.
3.Itwasn'tuntilinhighschool_______Ibegantotrustotherpeopleagain.
4.Inrecentyears,stresshasbeenregarded
asacauseofmedicalproblems.However,likesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress_______doesyouharm.
5.Itishowyouhandleeachchallenge________counts.
6.Inthatway,WorldReadAloudDay_______helpmakeadifference.
7.Itwaswhathemeantratherthanwhathesaid_______annoyedme.
8.It'snotwhatyouhaveinyourlifebut_______youhaveinyourlifethatmatters.
9.Whowasit______playedatrickonthenewEnglishteacher?
10.---WheredidyoucomeacrossourChineseteacher?
---Itwasinthesupermarket_______Ipurchasedmooncakes.
11.It'sunnecessaryandit'snotimportantatall.Weneeantcareaboutit.Itisone'sinnerbeauty______matters.
12.---Wasitat1lo'clock______yourfathercamebacklastnight?
---Yes,heisalwayscomingbacksolate.
13.---Whatdoyouthinkitis_______hasbroughtworldwideattentiontoChina?
---Rapidandsteadyeconomicgrowth,ofcourse.
14.Itwasattheentranceofthezoo_______hemethisgirlfriendwhohadbeentoLondonforabetterposton.
15.Why!
Ihavenothingtoexplain.Whatisit_______youwantmetosay?
三、Therebe句式、省略句及插入语
1.Yes,ofcoursetheycelebrateChristmashere,andthereareobvious
lydisplaysinshopsandChristmasmarkets,but______seemtobenosignsofChristmasadverts.
2.Freddygavehimajobandhousingandlenthimpocketmoneywhile_______(train)him.
3.______isnodoubtthathumanactivity,whichdoesgreatharmtotheenvironment,isthemaincause.
4.Areyoutoooldforfairytales?
Ifyouthink_______,Copenhagenissuretochangeyourmind.
5.AndI'dliketoknowwhyChinesepeopleusechopsticks.______notknivesandforks,likeAmericans?
6.Solongaswehavesome,that'senough.Andwecanlearn_______tospendmoney.
7.No.Andthat'snotall.Thebuswasonehourlate.Worse_______,itpickeduppassengersonthewaytoourdestination.
8.---Tom:
Yes.IthinktheundergroundisthemostconvenientwaytotravelinLondon.
---Mary:
Ithink______too.
9.Smokingnotonlydoesharmtotheirhealth_______toothers.
10.Caroline:
Ithink,itwasinteresting.Joyce:
______doI.
IhearMikeislikelytowinalltheprizesintheexamsthisyear.
11.Tobehonest,Ireallycan'tunderstandhow______peopledependonthatwaytomakefriends.It'skindofrisky.
12.Tothecouple'sgreatsurprise,thehousewasinamessasif______(break)into.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Therehasabiglibraryinourschool.
2.Therefore,itwasnodoubtthatIwasleftalone,sufferingfromlonelinessandfailure.
3.Onceuponatime,itwasaboywhoseparentsnamedhimOdd.
4.Justastheoldsayinggoes,Happinessliesincontentment.”Onlyinthiswaywerelaxourselvesandachievemoreprogress.
5.Itisworkingteamsinsteadofonmyownwhichhasfreedmefromtroubleandmademyworkmoreefficient.
6.Thereisnoteverybodythatcandrawsowell.
7.IsitTomthatyousawyesterday?
8.Bobhopeditwouldbehimwhowouldbeinvited.
9.Itisthe
peoplewhoisreallypowerful.
10.Itisatthegatewhereshewillbewaitingforme.
11.Itwasnoonthatwegottothesmallvillage:
12.Itwassincethebusbrokedownonthewaytothestationthatwemissedthetrain.
13.Wherewasitshefoundherlostnecklace?
14.Amongthemwereasoldierwhowaswoundedinthestomach.
15.NotuntilMr.SmithcametoChinadidn'theknowwhatkindofacountrysheis.
16.Whilewaswalkingalongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.
17.Youmustattendthemeetingunlessitinconvenienttoyou.
Ⅲ.语篇填空
A:
Nowadays,thescienceandtechnologyisdevelopingveryfast,___1___it?
B:
Yes.Ifwewanttokeeppacewiththedevelopmentofsociety,we'llhavetoupdateourknowledgenowandthen.
A:
HardlyhadIlostmypreviousjob___2___Irealizedhowimportantitwastoadjusttothenewsociety.Wemustlearntofitinorwe'llfallbehind.
B:
Iagreewithyouonthat.Itwasnotuntilthe1980s___3___webegantoattachimportancetotakingadvantageofmoderntechnology.Somuch___4___wemadegooduseofcomputersciencethatitcanbeseeninevery