模块七UNITONE词汇详解.docx

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模块七UNITONE词汇详解.docx

模块七UNITONE词汇详解

选修7第一单元

考点预览:

1词汇:

ambition,adapt,beneficial,similar,absence,including,ignore,encouragement

2短语:

makefunof,setup,eventhough,dreamabout,atleast,aswellas,aswell,dealwith,inotherwords,

outofbreath,allinalllivea…life,getannoyed,bedifferentfrom

语言点:

1.try(v,n)

(1)试图,设法,努力Idon’tknowifIcancome,butI’lltry.

(2)试,试用,试验Haveyoutriedthisnewcoffee?

It’sverygood.尝过

(3)try后可接名词,动名词,不定式,what从句等

aJohnisn’there.Tryphoninghishomenumber.bWhatareyoutryingtodo?

cTrythesuitontoseewhetheritfitsyou.

(4)trytodosth努力做某事;trydoingsth尝试做某事

为什么不尝试乘火车去那里呢?

__________________________________________________________________?

他努力地要把箱子搬到楼上,但失败了。

____________________________________________________________

如果前门没有人开,你可以敲后门试试。

____________________________________________________________

(5)词组:

trysthon试穿tryout试验,尝试tryone’sbest(todosth)尽某人最大的努力

类似用法:

stoptodosth,meantodosthforgettodosthremembertodosth

stopdoingsthmeandoingsthforgetdoingsthrememberdoingsth

2.achieve

(1)(凭努力)达到(目标等)Hehadfinallyachievedsuccess.

(2)成功Theirbackgroundgivesthemlittlechanceofachievingatschool.

词组:

achievesuccess/victory/purpose获得成功/取得胜利/达到目的

achievement(n)成就,伟绩achievable(adj)能完成的,能达到的

3proud骄傲的,自豪的。

常用于以下结构:

beproudofbeproudtodosthbeproudthat

Yourachievementsaresomethingtobeproudof.Ifeelproudtobeapartoftheteam.

Heisveryproudthatheisascientist.IdoadmitI’mratherproudofmyprogress.

pride(n)takepridein=beproudofproudly(adv)

4represent

(1)代表,象征,标志TheroserepresentsEngland.OurfirmisrepresentedinIndiabyMrHall.我公司驻印度

HerepresentedChinaintheconference.他代表中国参加了这个会议。

Thetradeunionrepresentsover200000workers.

(2)描绘,描述,塑造ThepicturerepresentsthebattleofWaterloo.Thepicturerepresentsahuntingscene.

representative(n,adj)代表(人),有代表性的,典型的;representation(n)代表,表现,描绘(指事物);

近义词辨析:

represent强调代表(官方,政府),代言人,standfor代表(含义,符号)

UN__theUnitedStates.WenJiabao__ourgovernmenttogiveatalkatthecongress.

5setup

(1)摆放,竖起(某物)Policesetuproadblocksonroutesleadingoutofthecity.

(2)建立Theywanttosetupastateoftheirown.

近义词辨析:

setup指建立组织机构等抽象事物,也可指竖起,搭起,此时等于putup

Anewschoolhasbeensetupinmyhometown.

build多指建立房屋,桥梁,道路等Thehousewasbuiltin1960s.

putup多指建立临时性的房屋,帐篷等Theyputupatentbytheriversideforthenight.(过夜)

found指创建(组织,国家);把…基于…之上ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949.

Foralltheseyears,Ihavebeenworkingforothers.I’mhopingI’ll__myownbusinesssomeday.

AturnupBfixupCsetupDmakeup

相关短语:

(1)setabout(doingsth)/setouttodosth着手做…

(2)setoff出发,动身(3)setfireto点燃,生火

(4)setdown记下,写下,放下(5)seton攻击(6)setanexample树立榜样(7)set…aside把…放在一边,省出,留出Shetriestosetasidesomemoneyeverymonth.(8)setback使推迟,耽误,使延误Thebadweathersetbackthebuildingprogrammebyseveralweeks.(9)setapart留出,拨出(专用)Tworoomsweresetapartforuseaslibraries.

(10)setforward提出,拨快(钟表),促进

6ambition(c,u)

(1)雄心,野心,志气,抱负,志向

Aboywhoisfilledambitionusuallyworkshard.HisambitiontobecomethePrimeMinisterislikelytoberealized.

(2)目标,夙愿(c)Hehasgreatambitions.胸怀大志Hehasrealizedhisambitions.(抱负)beambitioustodosth

ambitious(adj)有雄心的,有志气的beambitiousofsth/havetheambitionforsth渴望得到某物fullofambition野心勃勃

7similar(adj)相似的,类似的besimilarto(to为介词)与…相似besimilarin在…方面相似similarity(n)类似点

ShanghaiissimilartoShenzheninmanyways.Therearemanysimilaritiesbetweenthetwo.

8takealesson/lessons上课,学习课程,修课程HepreferstotakeEnglishlessonsratherthantakeChineseones.

givesbalesson/lessons给某人上课teachsbalesson教训某人TheaccidenttaughtmealessonI’llneverforget.

9inotherwords换句话说(做插入语)

Beethovenwrotemanyworld-famousmusicalcompositions.Inotherwords,hewasagreatmusician.

I’mnotusedtothewayyouspeaktome.Inotherwords,Idon’twanttocontinueourconversations

(1)inword口头上Idon’twantyoutotellmeinwordthatyouwillstudyhard.

(2)inwords用语言(来表达)一般置于句末Youdon’tknowhowwonderfulitis.Itcan’tbedescribedinwords.

(3)ina/oneword一句话,简言之,总之Inaword,wemusttryourbesttodothework.

(4)getinaword插话(5)leaveword留言(6)haveawordwithsb与…谈谈(7)breakone’sword失信,食言

(8)keepone’sword遵守诺言(9)wordbyword逐字地,一字不变地

10as

(1)conj用作连词可引导时间,原因,让步,比较,方式等状语从句

Ashelookedather,shemadeaface.Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,hegotouthisdictionaryandlookedup.

Hedoesn’tspeakastheotherpeopledo.YoumustdoasItoldyou.Heisnotsodiligentasyou.

Youngasheis,heknowsalot.Child/Studentasheis,hehasagoodknowledgeofhistory.

Asayoungboy,helosthisparentsinthewar.Iwatchedherasshecombedherhair.Ihavechangeditasyousuggested.

IreadtheletterasIwalkedalongtheriver.Asyouweren’tthere,Ileftamessage.Ashehasbeenill,perhapsheneedshelp.

Tryashewould,hecouldn’topenthedoor.Tiredastheywere,theywalkedon.Leavethetableasitis.

(2)作关系代词,引导限制性定语从句,先行词前常有such,thesame,as,so与之呼应,构成such…as,so…as,等

We’llmakesuchcomputersasareneededindifferentbranchesofscience.Iwanttobuythesameshoesaswereadvertised.

(3)作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,as指前或后面整个句子的内容。

Asyoucanseeinthemap,thetwocitiesarefarawayfromeachother.Aseverybodyknows,allthatglittersisnotgold.

(4)prep作为Youwillbewelcomedasaherotomorrowmorning.Shetreatshimasherbrother.

JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotinCanada,__thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.

AasBifCwhenDwhere

11adapt

(1)使…适应;使…适合,适应。

一般与to连用adapt(oneself)to,相当于adjust…to

Canyouadaptyourselftothenewjob?

You’dbetteradapttothenewenvironmentassoonaspossible.

Sheadaptedherselfquicklytothenewclimate.Hecouldnotadapthiswayoflifetothecompany.

(2)改编,改写(rewrite)adaptAforB把A改编为BThestorywasadaptedforaTVplay.

Difficultbooksaresometimesadaptedforuseinschools.……以适应学校之用。

adapt…from从…选取/改编Theplayisadaptedfromanovel.ThisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradiofromRussianoriginal.

adapter/adaptor(n)改编者adaptation(n)适应,改编adaptable(adj)能适应的,可改编的

近义词辨析:

adjust强调调整或调节以适应adapt指修改或改变,使某人或某物做些改变以适应新条件,此意时可互换。

Youcan’tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitisadjustedtoyoureyes.把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后,你才能看见。

Ittookherawhiletoadjusttolivingaloneafterthedivorce.Ittookseveralsecondsforhiseyestoadjusttothedark.

You’llquicklyadjustyourselftostudentlife.I’mafraidhecan’tadapttotheideaofhavingawomanashisboss.

12atatime一次Handmetwoatatime.

相关词组:

(1)allthetime一直,始终

(2)manyatime屡次,许多次(3)severaltimes(4)atonetime以前,曾经(5)aheadoftime提前(6)onceuponatime从前(7)haveagoodtime过得愉快

(8)innotime立刻(9)fromtimetotime有时,不时的(10)intime及时(11)ontime按时,准时

(12)atanytime随时,在任何时候(13)forthefirsttime第一次(14)outoftime不合时宜(15)killtime消遣,消磨时光

13including(prep)包括,包含在内,一般用于名词或代词之前;included一般用于名词或代词之后

Weallwentincludingme.Weallwent,meincluded.Sixpeoplewerekilledintheaccident,adriver_____________.

近义词辨析:

contain“包含,含有,装着,盛着”,通常指在一个整体中所包含含有的全部内容,或在一个容器中容纳的全部东西,强调包含的整体内容。

include“包含,包括”指在一个整体中包括了其中一部分内容项目等,强调包含部分。

常用的两种表达方式:

includingsb/sth=sb/sthincluded

Seawatercontainssalt.Yourdutiesincludetypinglettersandansweringthetelephone.

Thepriceincludesboththehouseandfurniture.Theatlascontainsalltheinformation.

14absence(n)不在,缺席,缺少absenceofmind心不在焉,精神恍惚inone’sabsence/intheabsenceofsb在背地里,在某人不在时absent(adj)缺席的absent-minded心不在焉的beabsentfrom不在,缺席

Theyspokeillofthecaptaininhisabsence/intheabsenceofhim.

15until直到…为止,notuntil用于句首时后面的主句要用倒装语序

(1)conj后接时间状语从句,也可用于强调结构。

Peopledon’tknowthevalueofhealthuntiltheyloseit.

NotuntilyoutoldmedidIknowhisdeath.Notuntilhismothercameback,didthelittleboygotobed.

ItwasnotuntilthegovernmenttookmeasuresthatthespreadofAIDSwascontrolled.

(2)prep在肯定句中,与延续性动词连用,意为“直到…为止”;在否定句中与瞬间动词连用,意为“在…之前,不到…就”I’llstayhereuntil/tillnextMonday.Hedidn’tcomeuntillateintheafternoon.(傍晚)

16usedto表示过去经常或持续性的行为,现在已经不再发生。

常用did帮助构成疑问句和否定句,也可用used

Youusedtodrink,usedn’tyou/didn’tyou?

Thereusedtobesometreesinthisfield,usedn’tthere/didn’tthere?

Iusedtoswiminthisriver.Usedyoutoswiminthisriver?

Didyouusetosmokeapipe?

(烟斗)

近义词辨析:

usedto过去常常,指过去的状况,也可指习惯,现在已经停止了,可与be连用。

would多指过去的动作反复,与现在无关。

不与be连用。

Heusedtobeaquietboy.Hewouldsitontheriverbankfishingwhenhewasayoungchild.

相关短语:

(1)beusedtodo被用来做…Bamboocanbeusedtomakepaper.Stampsareusedtosendletters.

(2)be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于Heisnotusedtogettingupearly.I’mnotusedtoeatingthesamefoodeveryday.

(3)beusedfordoingsthStampsareusedforsendingletters.

(4)useup用光,用尽usedup筋疲力尽

17too…to

(1)用来表示否定意义,可用not…enoughto…和so…that来进行句式转换。

Thechildistooyoungtogotoschool.=Thechildisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.=Thechildissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.

(2)too…to句式中,too后接ready,glad,willing,pleased,delighted等形容词时,无否定意义。

Heistoowillingtohelpothers.I’monlytoogladtogohome.

(3)too…to句式中,too前用否定词(never,not)时,表示肯定意义。

Hiscourageisnevertoomuchtobepraised.他的勇气再表扬也不为过。

(4)too…notto..句式表示肯定意义。

Heistoowisenottosolvethisproblem.他非常聪明,必能解决这个问题。

(5)can’t…too表示“无论怎么样……也不过分”Youcan’tbetoocareful.你越小心越好

Onecan’tbetoooldtolearn.___________________。

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