考研英语词汇Word文件下载.docx
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a.词根,词缀知识可以帮助迅速掌握词汇。
b.同义词,反义词,形近词的辨析
c.单词的搭配和组合能力
(2)多查词典,特别是原版(英-英)词典
(3)在使用中记忆
*词:
词汇的准确性与多样性
(1)词的准确性Denotation与得体性Connotation拼写用法(英汉
单词差异,词汇的褒贬色彩等)
Thereisagoodcauseformetomakethisdecision.
(reason)
It’sgettingdarkandcold.Getintomycar.I’ll
sendyouhomefirstonmywaytothestation.(take)
Thatcorruptedofficialisfamousforhislust.
(notorious)
Statesmenusuallyspeakwithtongueincheek.
(Politicians)
*单词(大纲词汇)+真题=过线
单词(超纲词汇)+真题+技巧=高分
Areyouready?
Let'
sgo!
1.衣食住行
穿:
transfer
transferation
transformer
transmit
transmission
transport
transportation
transient
transparent
transition
transaction
衣:
uniform
unify
universe
university
unit
食——吃:
ed=eat
Phoneticinterchangeability
edible
ediblenes
住:
parasite
paradise
dome
dominate
dominant
predominant
domain
dominion
行:
表示go的词根
visit
exit
initialize
process
access
unprecedent
precede
predecessor
exceed
vas
invade
invasion
pervasive
ven
intervention
convenient
convenience
2.说学逗唱
说:
mence
commence
commencement
dict
dictation
dictionary
addict
contradict
contradiction
edition
indicate
indication
indict
index
predict
verdict
学:
educate
education
educational
deduce
deduct
deduction
conduct
conductor
conductivity
conducive
misconduct
induce
introduce
introduction
produce
producer
production
productive
productivity
reduce
reduction
seduce
逗:
entertain
containdetain
attainretainobtain
sustain
唱:
solo
soloist
orchestra
music
amuse
amusement
muse
3.光彩照人
光:
gl开头的单词
glacierglacialglassglamourglanceglareglimpseglitter
glorygloriousglowglowing
glidegloomgloomy
彩:
brownblue
greenpurple
yellowpink
red
照:
photo
photography
photographer
photosynthesis
photogenic
gene
gender
generate
generation
regenerate
genre
genius
ingenious
congenial
genuine
generous
lumin
illuminate
illustrate
illustration
lust
人:
hum
human
humane
humanity
humanitarian
humanitarianism
humble
humiliate
humid
humidity
exhume
inhume
CountryVSPeople
ChinaJapanAmerica
ChineseJapaneseAmerican
GermanDeutschThai
GermanyDeutschlandThailand
4.没大没小
没&
没
英语否定的前缀主要有a-ab-anti-counter-de-dis-
il-im-in-ir-mal-mis-non-un-等。
a-ab-主要加在形容词动词前,atypical非典型性的,abnormal非正常的;
abuse滥用、错误使用、虐待;
anti-加在名词、形容词前边。
最常见的是anti-Japanese抗日战争、anti-social厌恶社会的反社会的、antidote解毒的药;
counter-加在名词、动词前,例如:
counterstrike反击、counteract抵抗阻碍、counterrevolution反革命。
de-加在名词、形容词前,常见的例词有decrease减少,deteriorate恶化,demobilize遣散使…复员、decolour脱色漂白;
dis-主要加在名词、形容词,动词之前,dis-为否定前缀的词有:
disadvantage缺点、
dishonorable不光彩的、disagree不同意、disappear消失、disarm解除武装、disconnect失去联系
il-主要加在以1开头的单词的前边,比如:
illegal非法的、illiterate文盲的、illogical不合逻辑的;
in-常加在形容词,名词之前,如incorrect不正确的、inability无能无力、inaccurate不准确的等;
im-加在字母m,b,p之前,这样的词有impossible不可能的、impolite不礼貌的
ir-放在以r开头的英语单词前面,比如:
irregular不稳定的、irresistable不可抵抗的、irresolvable不能分解的不能解决的;
mal-主要加在形容词名词之前,例如malfunction功能紊乱,malicious恶意的;
mis-加在动词、名词前,例词misunderstand误解、misjudge误判、misleading误导、misfortune不幸;
non-加在形容词、名词前,这样以non-为否定前缀的词还有non-existence不存在、non-essential不主要的、non-electrical非电的;
un-主要放于名词,形容词,副词前面,常见的例子有unfinished未完成的、undoubted无疑的、unemployment失业。
大&
小MacroVSMicro
macroworld
macrostructure
macroscale
macrobian
macroclimate
microscope
microskirt
microwave
microbe
microbiology
microfilm
dino-大
dinosaur
-let小
leaf
pig
book
wall
5.声生不息
声:
son
sonic
ultrasonic
consonant
voc
voice
provoke
evoke
advocate
vocation
生:
viv,vi
revive
survive
vivid
vivify
vital
vitality
vitalize
revitalize
vitamin
bio
biography
biology
Bio-hazard
息:
rest
restless
restive
restore
restart
restate
Lie躺下
Lay放置
Lie撒谎
non-加在形容词、名词前,这样以non-为否定前缀的
词有non-existence不存在、non-essential不主要的、
non-electrical非电的;
un-主要放于名词,形容词,副词前面,常见的例子有
unfinished未完成的、undoubted无疑的、unemployment失业。
6.以人为本
与人有关的名词后缀。
一、从社会层次、地位、工作职务上来看:
1、加“-er”可表示“人”,这类词多数情况下表示
的人物社会地位较低,或从历史上看较低。
例:
beginner初学者/新手,driver司机,teacher老师
labourer劳动者,runner跑步者/信使,skier滑雪者,swimmer
游泳者,observer观测者/观察员,murderer杀人犯passenger旅客,traveller旅游者,learner学习者/初学者,lover爱好者,
worker工人
researcher研究员,printer印刷工,gardener园艺工,owner主人,wrestler摔交者等
2、加“-or”可表示“人”,这类词多数情况下表示的人物
社会地位较高,或从历史上看较高。
doctor博士或医生,tutor(大学)指导教师/助教/
监护人,director主任compositor排版师,collector收藏家,instructor教员/指导者
3、加“-ist”/“-an”可表示“人”,这类词多数情况下
表示事业有成就或较为特殊的人,
例:
artist艺术家,scientist科学家,physicist物理学家,journalist新闻记者
dentist牙医,instrumentalist乐器演奏家/乐器家,meteorologist气象学家
historian历史学家,technician技术员,技师,vegetarian食素者
也有个别例外,象cyclist骑脚踏车的人,motorcyclist乘机车者
二、从性别上来看:
通常加“-er/-or”多为“男性”,加“-ess”多为女性
waiter男招待waitress女服务员
steward(轮船,飞机等)乘务员,干事stewardess(轮船,飞机等)女乘务员
actor男演员actress女演员
instructor男教员,男指导instructress女教师,女指导
lawyer律师lawyeress女律师
三、从主动、被动上来看,加“-er/-or”为主动,加“-ee”为被动
examiner主考人、监考员examinee参加考试者、受试人(被监考者)
employer雇主(雇佣别人)employee雇员(被雇佣)
interviewer会见者interviewee.被接见者,被访问者
四、有时会直接用表示人的词构词
象-boy,-girl,-man,-woman,
cowboy牛仔,playboy花花公子,salesgirl女店员,salesperson推销员,
workman工人,postman邮递员,workwomen劳动妇女
本:
bas低下的;
基础
basement
baseball
baseborn
abase
debase
debased
subbase
7.一心二用
数字:
hemisphere
semiconductor
demilune
unique
carbonmonoxide
monologue
monotonous
monopoly
prototype
primary
principle
principal
prince
princess
dioxide
dichotomy
double
dual
trilateral
trilingual
tricycle
quarter
Pentagon
hexagon
September
October
November
December
心:
core
cord
cordial
corner
accord
accordingly
courage
courageous
cardinal
8.曲终人散
散
flo,flu=torun
flow
float
flood
flu
influenza
fluent
fluency
affluent
affluence
influence
Afleaandaflywereinaflue.Thefleasaidtotheflylet’sflee,buttheflysaidtotheflealet’sfly.Sothefleafledandtheflyflew.
结束:
fin
final
finale
finalist
finality
finance
financial
finite
infinite
confine
confined
define
definition
definite
Onething,Idon’tknowwhy,itdoesn’tevenmatterhowhardtotry,keepthatinmind,Idesignthisrhymetoexplaininduetime.
AllIknow,timeisavaluablething,watchitflybyasthependulumswings,watchitcomedowntotheendoftheday,theclocktickslifeaway.So,guys,seizetheday!
Goodlucktoyouall!