考研英语阅读理解标准90篇+提高30篇unit1Word文档下载推荐.docx
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做题备忘
PartA
Text1
文化教育
462
/10
Text2
科普知识
474
Text3
社会生活
445
Text4
商业经济
PartB
645
PartC
449
Directions:
Readthefollowingtexts.Answerthequestionsbloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].
CatnetonWalkerlearnedthehardwaythatsharinginformationonlinecanhaveunintendedconse-quences.In2005,thesophomoreatFisherCollegeinBostonorganizedastudentpetitiondedicatedtogettingacampuspoliceguardfiredandposteditonthepopularcollegesocialnetworkFacebook.com.Walkerwrotethattheguard“lovestoantagonizestudents..,andneedstobeeliminated.”Itwasapoorchoiceofwords.Anotherstudentinformedschoolofficials,whologgedonandinterpretedthecommentsasthreatening.ThoughWalkerclaimedhewastryingonlytoexposetheguard’sdemeanor,hewasexpelled.He’snowenrolledatanothercollegeandadmitshemadeaseriousmistake.“Iwasanaive21-year-old,”hesays.
Creatingapageonasocial-networkingsiteisnowacherishedformofself-expressionatuniversitiesaroundtheworld.Studentsusead-supportedserviceslikeFacebook,MySpace,TagWorldandBebotomakefriends,plantheirsociallivesandprojecttheirpersonalities.ThemostpopularsiteamongcollegestudentsisFacebook,withmorethan8millionmembers.Astudent’spersonalFacebookpageisusuallyarevealing,dynamicchronicleofcampuslife—oneclearlynotmeantfortheeyesofparents,teachersoranyoneelseolderthan25.
Butadultsaretakingnotice.SiteslikeFacebookareaccessibletonearlyanyonewillingtospendthetimetogainaccess:
teachers,schooladministrators,evenpotentialemployersandthepolice.Suchonlineservicescancreatetheillusionofprivacywherenoneactuallyexists.Facebook,inparticular,wasdesignedtoemphasizeprivacyandintimacy.Onlyotherusersatyourschool(withthesamecollegee-maildomainname),andthoseinnetworksyoujoin,canseeyourhomepage.Butdeterminedoff-campusvisitorscanpersuadeastudentoralumnustohelpthemaccessthestudent’spage.
Whathappenswhentheidentityyourevealtofriendssuddenlyoverwhelmsthefacadeyoupresenttogrown-ups?
Theresultscanbeawkward—orworse.Photosfromdrunkenparties,recollectionsofsexualescapades,orthreats—alltheseindiscretions,postedonline,havegottenstudentssuspendedorexpelled,orharmedjobprospects.Inacoupleofdecades,apresidentialcandidatemaybecalledontoanswerforacollegemisadventurethatheorsheimpulsivelydetailedinablogentry.
Notallstudentswanttotempertheirbehavior.TheypointoutthattheInternetletsthemexpressthemselvesandfindlike-mindedsouls.Still,adultsaren’tlikelytostoppryinganytimesoon.ThatmeansstudentswhouseFacebookandMySpacehaveanewburden.TheWebmayseemephemeral,butwhatyoucasuallypostonenightmightjustlastadigitaleternity.‘Whilesocialnetworkingrepresentsapowerfultoolfortoday’sstudents,they’readvisedtobeprudent.Eveniftheyhavenoplanstorunforpresidentsomeday.
1.CameronWalkerwasdismissedbecausehe
[A]wascaughtpostingthreateninginformationonline.
[B]fightedwiththecampuspoliceguardfiercely.
[C]violatedtheruleswhenhecreatedhisownpersonalpage.
[D]heloggedontotheschool’sofficialwebsitewithoutpermission.
2.WhatisthemajorproblemwithFacebook?
[A]Theinformationinitissharedtoowidely.
[B]Teachersareallowednoaccesstoit.
[C]Itsclaimedprivacyisonlyanillusion.
[D]Itannoystoomanyteachersandparents.
3.WhichofthefollowingcontentsareyoumorelikelytofindatFacebook?
[A]Virtuousconducts.[B]Picturesofdrunkenstudents.
[C]Flatteringlanguage.[D]Lecturenotes.
4.WhydoStudentscherishtheInternet?
[A]Theycanpractisetheircommunicativeskills.
[B]Theycancommunicateeffectivelywithteachers.
[C]Theycanrevealtheirfeelingsfreely.
[D]Theycompeteforleadership.
5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthetext?
[A]Creatingpersonalwebpageisgainingpopularityoncampus.
[B]Carelessonlinepostingscanmeanreallybigtroubletostudents.
[C]Collegestaketoughmeasuresagainstinvasiononpersonalprivacy.
[D]Undesirableonlinecontentshouldbemadeillegalandeliminated.
Uptonow,themainimpactoftechnologicalchangehasbeenonlong-distancecalls.IntheUnitedStates,wherefournationwidefibernetworkshavebeenbuiltinadecade,long-distancerevenueperminutehashalvedduringthatperiod.Nowothertechnologiesarecuttingthecostofthe“localloop”—theconnectionbetweenthenearestexchangeandthesubscriber’shome.Theconnectionisusuallymadewithatwistedpairofcopperwires,atechnologyunchangedforalmost120years.Asaruleofthumb,localdistributionaccountsfor80%ofanet-work’scosts.PeterHuber,atelecomsspecialistbasedinWashington,DC,reckonsthatitcostsaround$1,200~$2,000toconnectanewcustomerwithcopper.
Twolessexpensiveandmoreflexiblealternativestocopperhavenowbecomeavailable.Oneistoruntelephoneservicesoverthesamesystemascabletelevision.Abreakthroughinlaserdesigninthelate1980’smadeitpossibletosendanaloguetelevisionpicturesalongopticalfibers.Sincethencablesystems,liketelephonesystems,haveincreasinglyacquiredbackbonesofopticalfiber.Addingtelephonytoanexistingcablesystemusuallycostsmuchlessthanextendingthecopper-wirenetwork.
Thetroubleisthatacable-televisionsystem,likeatelephonenetwork,involveshighfixedcostsandpasseshomesthatdonotwantit,aswellashomesthatdo;
Sobuildingonefromscratch(asinBritain)isexpensive.Theseproblemsareavoidedbytheothertechnologicalbreakthrough:
theuseofwirelesstransmission.Itsextraordinaryflexibilityandlowcostwillallowthedevelopmentofanewkindofnetworkornetworks—competingdirectlywithfixedwires.“Wirelessistheanswertothelocalmonopoly,”saysRobertPepper,headoftheofficeofplansandpolicyattheFederalCommunicationsCommission(FCC)intheUnitedStates.
“Iflocaltelecomsweretorebuildfromscratchtoday,theywoulddosomostlywithradio,atacostofabout$800persubscriber,”saysPeterHuber,MichaelKelloggandJohnThornein”TheGeodesicNetworkII,”a1993reviewofcompetitionintheindustryintheUnitedStates.Mobiletelephoneswillincreasinglycompetehead-onwithfixedsystems.Butthemostimportantinnovationislikelytobeadigitalwirelesslinkedtoasmallfixedradioantennainthehome,whichcanmakeextraordinarilyefficientuseoftheradiospectrum;
unlikeamobilephone,theantennaisalwaystunedpreciselytothecorrectbasestation.
SuchsystemsofwirelesslocalaccessarenowbeingdevelopedbyseveralcompaniesincludingHughesintheUnitedStatesandIonicainBritain,butarenotyetincommercialuseinOECDcountries.Nevertheless,calculationsbyanalysts,aBritishconsultancy,bearouttheenthusiasmofMr.Huberandhiscolleaguesforfixedwirelessaccessaspotentiallytheleastexpensivewaytomakethefinallinktothehome.
6.AccordingtoPara.2,whichofthefollowingistrue?
[A]Fibernetworkshavebeendramaticallyreduced.
[B]Localcallsaremoreexpensivethanlongdistancecalls.
[C]Fibernetworkshavebroughtaboutareductionincostsforlong-distancecalls.
[D]Itisnotsocostlytoconnectanewcustomerwithcopper.
7.Oneadvantageofthewirelesstransmissionoverfixedwiresisthatit
[A]enablessubscriberstoreceiveclearerdigitalsignals.
[B]allowsonecompanytomonopolizelocaltransmission.
[C]permitsmorecompetitorstosetupnewphonebusinesses.
[D]makesdigitaltransmissionpossible.
8.Thetwotechnologicalbreakthroughsintelecommunicationmentionedare
[A]copperwirenetwork&
cabletelevisionsystem.
[B]cable-televisionsystem&
wirelesstransmission.
[C]wirelesstransmission&
copperwirenetwork.
[D]fixedwires&
radionetwork.
9.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat
[A]wirelesstelecommunicationholdsgreatprospectforthefuture.
[B]copperwirenetworkwillnotbereplacedbyothertypesofnetworks.
[C]bothcabletelevisionsystems&
radionetworkswillbethegoalpeopletrytoreach.
[D]fixedwirelessaccessissimilartomobilephones.
10.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
[A]ImpactofNewTechnologyonTelecommunications.
[B]GreatChangesinTelecommunications.
[C]CopperWireNetworkvsCableTelevisionSystem.
[D]ReductioninCostofLong-distanceCalls.
Formostofus,theworkisthecentral,dominatingfactoroflife.Wespendmorethanhalfourconscioushoursatwork,travelingtoandfromwork.Whatwedotherelargelydeterminesourstandardoflivingandtoaconsiderableextentthestatusweareaccordedbyourfellowcitizensaswell.Itissometimessaidthatbecauseleisurehasbecomemoreimportanttheindignitiesandinjusticesofworkcanbepushedintoacorner,thatbecausemostworkisprettyintolerable,thepeoplewhodoitshouldcompensateforitsboredom,frustrationsandhumiliationsbyconcentratingtheirhopesontheotherpartsoftheirlives.Irejectthatasacounselofdespair.Fortheforeseeablefuturethematerialandpsychologicalrewardswhichworkcanprovide,andtheconditionsinwhichworkisdone,willcontinuetoplayavitalpartindeterminingthesatisfactionthatlifecanoffer.Yetonlyasmallminoritycancontrolthepaceatwhichtheyworkortheconditionsinwhichtheir