Section3科学小品篇.docx

Section3科学小品篇.docx

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Section3科学小品篇

SectionIII科学小品篇

　　Passage23

　　Researchers（研究者）haveannounced（宣布）theresultoftwostudiesonthehealtheffectsofthedrugaspirin（阿斯匹林）.Onestudyshowsaspirincansharplyreducethechancethatahealthy,oldermanwillsufferfromaheartattack（心脏病）.

　　Thestudyofferedtwonewresultsfromearlierfindings.Itsaidtakingoneaspirinpilleveryotherdayhelpedonlyhealthymenovertheageoffifty.Italsosaidaspiringavethegreatestprotectionagainstheartattackstomenwithlowbloodcholesterol（胆固醇）levels.

　　EarlierintheUnitedStatesbeganamajoraspirinstudyintheearly1980s.Itincluded22,000healthymendoctors.Allwerebetweentheagesoffortyandeighty-four.Morethan11,000ofthedoctorstookaharmlesspillthatcontainednodrug.Themendidnotknowwhichkindofpilltheyweretaking.

　　Thedoctorswhotookaspirinsuffered44%fewerheartattacksthanthosetakingtheharmlesspill.139menwhotookaspirinsufferedfromheartattacks.Tenofthemdied.239menwhodidnottakeaspirinsufferedfromheartattacks.Twenty-sixofthemdied.

　　Theresearcherssaidthedoctors’studyprovidesclearproofthattakingaspirincanpreventafirstheartattackinhealthy,oldermen.Theysaid,however,theresultdoesnotmeaneverymanovertheageoffiftyshouldtakeaspirin.Theysaidaspirincouldn’thelpmenwhodonoteathealthyfoods,whosmokecigarettesandwhoarefat.Theresearcherssaidmenwhothinktheywouldbehelpedbytakingaspirinshouldtalkwiththeirdoctorsfirst.

　　1.Thepassagetellsusthatthenewuseofaspirinis______.

　　A.totreatheartdisease　　B.toreducepainwhileonesuffersfromaheartattack

　　C.tohelpoldpeopletobemorehealthy　D.toreducethechanceofaheartattackinoldmen

　　2.Aspirincanhelpthosewho______.

　　AworkasdoctorsB.areunder40yearsold

　　C.arefatandsmokecigarettesD.areolderandhealthy

　　3.Atlasttheresearchersadvisedustotakeaspirin______.

　　A.withcareB.asmuchaswelike　　C.everydayD.onlyconsideringtheage

　　4.Fromtheexperimentwecanconcludethatabout_____ofpeoplewhosufferedfromheartattackswithoutaspirindied.

　　A.7%B.11%C.19%D.44%

　　Passage24

　　Itseemstobestrangetoyouthereisablindspot（盲点）ontheeyes.Hereisaninterestingexperiment（实验）thatcanmakesomethingdisappear,whenoneeyeisopen.

　　MakeacardaboutthesizeofapostcardandwritetwoEnglishlettersLandRonit,LontheleftandRontheright.First,holdthecardabout80cmawayandyouseeboththeletters.ThencloseyourrighteyeandlookattheletterRonlywithyourlefteye.Andnow,asyoumovethecardslowlytowardsyou,you’llfindtheletterLdisappearing.Butifyoumovethecardnearertoyourface,theletterwillbeseenagain.Nowdothesameexperimentwithyourlefteyeclosed,you’llfindtheletterRdisappearing.

　　Whydoestheletterdisappear?

Itisbecausethereisablindspotontheeye.Whentheimage（影像）oftheletterfallsontheblindspot,itwon’tbeseen.Thatiswhyeitherofthelettersdisappears.

　　1.Thewriterofthepassagethinksthat_____thereisablindspotontheeye.

　　A.fewpeopleknowB.nooneknowsC.mostpeopleknowD.allthepeopleknow

　　2.Theword“disappear”inthepassagemeans________inChinese.

　　A.驱散B.消散C.消失D.遗失

　　3.YoufailtoseetheletterLintheexperimentbecause___________.

　　A.youreyesarepoorB.itsimagefallsontheblindspot

　　D.yourlefteyeisnotopenC.youmoveitclosetoyoureye

　　4.Inwhichorder（顺序）shouldyoudotheexperiment?

　　①Holdthecard②Movethecardnearer③Closeyourrighteye

　　④WritetwoEnglishletters⑤LookattheletterR⑥Makeacard

　　A.④⑥①②③⑤B.①③⑥④⑤②C.⑥①④③②⑤D.⑥④①③⑤②

　　5.Thepassagemainly（主要）tellsus_______.

　　A.howtofindtheblindspotB.aninterestingexperiment

　　C.wheretheblindspotisD.thereisblindspotontheeye

　　Passage25

　　Differentweathermakespeoplefeeldifferent.Itinfluences（影响）health,intelligence（智力）andfeelings.

　　InAugust,itisveryhotandwetinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.Peopletherehavehearttroubleandotherkindsofhealthproblemsduringthismonth.IntheNortheastandtheMiddleWest,itisveryhotatsometimesandeverycoldatothertimes.PeopleinthesestateshavemorehearttroubleaftertheweatherchangesinFebruaryorMarch.

　　Theweathercanalsoinfluenceintelligence.Forexample,ina1983reportbyscientists,IQ（智商）ofagroupstudentswereveryhighwhenaverystrongwindcame,butafterthestrongwind,theirIQwas10%below.Thewindcanhelppeoplehavemoreintelligence.Veryhotweather,ontheotherhand（另一方面）,canmakeitlower.StudentsinmanyschoolsoftheUnitedStatesoftengetworseonexamsinthehotmonthsoftheyear（JulyandAugust）.

　　Weatheralsohasastronginfluenceonpeople’sfeelings.Wintermaybeabadtimeforthinpeople.Theyusuallyfeelcoldduringthesemonths.Theymightfeelunhappyduringcoldweather.Butfatpeoplemayhaveahardtimeinhotsummer.Atabout18C,peoplebecomestronger.

　　Lowairpressure（气压）maymakepeopleforgetful.Peopleleavemorebagsonbusesandinshopsonlow-pressuredays.Therearea“goodweather”forwordandhealth.Peoplefeelbestatatemperatureofabout18centigrade（摄氏度）.

　　Areyoufeelingsad,tired,forgetful,orunhappytoday?

Itmaybetheweather’sproblem.

　　1.____canhaveabadeffect（作用）onhealth.

　　A.HotandwetweatherB.Goodweather　　C.WarmweatherD.Highintelligence

　　2.Peoplemayhavemoreintelligencewhen_____comes.

　　A.arainB.veryhotweather　　C.astrongwindD.lowairpressure

　　3.Lowairpressuremaymakepeople_______.

　　A.forgetfulB.sadC.angryD.tired

　　4.In“goodweather”of18centigrade,_______.

　　A.peopleareveryforgetfulB.peoplecan’tdotheirworkwell

　　C.thinpeoplefeelcoldD.peopleareinbetterhealth

　　5.Thewriterwantstotellusthat_______.

　　A.hotandcoldweatherinfluencesallpeopleinthesameway

　　B.weatherinfluencespeople’slives　　C.IQneverchangesduringweatherchanges

　　D.Thereisagoodkindofweatherforpeople’sworkandhealth

　　Passage26

　　Nowsatellitesarehelpingtoforecast（预报）theweather.Theyareinspace,andtheycanreachanypartoftheworld.Thesatellitestakepicturesoftheatmosphere（大气）,becausethisiswheretheweatherforms（形成）.Theysendthesepicturestotheweatherstations.Someteorologists（气象学家）canseetheweatherofanypartoftheworld.Fromthepictures,thescientistscanoftensayhowtheweatherwillchange.

　　Today,nearlyfivehundredweatherstationsinsixtycountriesreceivesatellitepictures.Whentheyreceivenewpictures,themeteorologistscomparethemwithearlierones.Perhapstheymayfindthatthecloudshavechangedduringthelastfewhours.Thismaymeanthattheweatheronthegroundmaysoonchange,too.Intheirnextweatherforecast,themeteorologistscansaythis.

　　Sotheweathersatellitesareagreathelptothemeteorologists.Beforesatelliteswereinvented,thescientistscouldforecasttheweatherforabout24or48hours.Nowtheycanmakegoodforecastsforthreeorfivedays.Soon,perhaps,theymaybeabletoforecasttheweatherforaweekormoreahead（提前）.

　　1.Satellitestravel__________.

　　A.inspaceB.abovespaceC.abovethegroundD.intheatmosphere

　　2.Whydoweusetheweathersatellitestotakepicturesoftheatmosphere?

Because_______.

　　A.cloudsformthereB.theweatherformsthere

　　C.theweathersatellitescandoiteasilyD.thepicturescanforecasttheweather

　　3.Meteorologistsforecasttheweather_______.

　　A.withoutstudyingsatellitepictures　　B.beforetheyreceivesatellitepictures

　　C.whentheyhavereceivedsatellitepictures

　　D.aftertheyhavecomparedthenewsatellitepictureswiththeearlierones

　　4.Maybewe'llsoonbeabletoforecasttheweatherfor_________.

　　A.onedayB.twodays　C.fivedaysD.sevendaysorevenlonger

　　5.Themainideaofthispassageisthatsatellitesarenowusedin__________.

　　A.takingpicturesoftheearthB.receivingpicturesoftheatmosphere

　　C.weatherforecastingD.doingotherworkinmanyways

　　Passage27

　　Paragraph1

　　Scientistshavelearnedalotaboutthekindsofpeopleneed.Theysaythatthereareseveralkindsoffoodthatpeopleshouldeateveryday,theyare:

（1）greenandyellowvegetablesofallkinds;

（2）citrus（柑桔）fruitsandtomatoes;（3）potatoesandotherfruitsandvegetables;94）meatofallkinds,fishandeggs;（5）milkandfoodsmadefrommilk;（6）breadorcereal（谷类）,riceisalsointhiskindoffood;（7）butter,orsomethinglikebutter.

　　Paragraph2

　　Peopleindifferentcountriesanddifferentplacesoftheworldeatdifferentkindsofthings.Foodsarecookedandeateninmanydifferentkindsofways.Peopleindifferentcountrieseatatdifferenttimesoftheday.Insomeplacespeopleeatonceortwiceaday;inothercountriespeopleeatthreeorfourtimesaday.Scientistssaythatnoneofthedifferencesisreallyimportant.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherfoodsareeatenraworcooked,canned（罐装的）orfrozen（冷冻的）.Itdoesn’tmatterifapersoneatsdinnerat4o’clockintheafternoonorateleveno’clockatnight.Theimportantthingiswhatyoueateveryday.

　　Paragraph3

　　Therearetwoproblems,then,infeedingthelargenumberofpeopleontheearth.Thefirstistofindsomewaytofeedtheworld’spopulationsothatnooneishungry.Thesecondistomakesurethatpeopleeverywherehavetherightkindsoffoodtomakethemgrowtobestrongandhealthy.

　　1.Accordingto（依据）thescientists，whichofthefollowinggroupsoffoodisthehealthiestforyourlunch?

　　A