oracle数据库函数大全集合文档格式.docx
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oracletraning'
ra'
1,2)instringfromdual;
INSTRING
---------
9
6.LENGTH
返回字符串的长度;
selectname,length(name),addr,length(addr),sal,length(to_char(sal))fromgao.nchar_tst;
NAMELENGTH(NAME)ADDRLENGTH(ADDR)SALLENGTH(TO_CHAR(SAL))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
高乾竞3北京市海锭区69999.997
7.LOWER
返回字符串,并将所有的字符小写
selectlower('
AaBbCcDd'
)AaBbCcDdfromdual;
AABBCCDD
--------
aabbccdd
8.UPPER
返回字符串,并将所有的字符大写
selectupper('
)upperfromdual;
UPPER
9.RPAD和LPAD(粘贴字符)
RPAD在列的右边粘贴字符
LPAD在列的左边粘贴字符
selectlpad(rpad('
gao'
10,'
*'
),17,'
)fromdual;
LPAD(RPAD('
GAO'
1
-----------------
*******gao*******
不够字符则用*来填满
10.LTRIM和RTRIM
LTRIM删除左边出现的字符串
RTRIM删除右边出现的字符串
selectltrim(rtrim('
gaoqianjing'
),'
)fromdual;
LTRIM(RTRIM('
-------------
gaoqianjing
11.SUBSTR(string,start,count)
取子字符串,从start开始,取count个
selectsubstr('
13088888888'
3,8)fromdual;
SUBSTR('
08888888
12.REPLACE('
string'
s1'
s2'
)
string希望被替换的字符或变量
s1被替换的字符串
s2要替换的字符串
selectreplace('
heloveyou'
he'
i'
REPLACE('
H
----------
iloveyou
13.SOUNDEX
返回一个与给定的字符串读音相同的字符串
createtabletable1(xmvarchar(8));
insertintotable1values('
weather'
);
wether'
selectxmfromtable1wheresoundex(xm)=soundex('
XM
weather
wether
14.TRIM('
s'
from'
LEADING剪掉前面的字符
TRAILING剪掉后面的字符
如果不指定,默认为空格符
15.ABS
返回指定值的绝对值
selectabs(100),abs(-100)fromdual;
ABS(100)ABS(-100)
------------------
100100
16.ACOS
给出反余弦的值
selectacos(-1)fromdual;
ACOS(-1)
3.1415927
17.ASIN
给出反正弦的值
selectasin(0.5)fromdual;
ASIN(0.5)
.52359878
18.ATAN
返回一个数字的反正切值
selectatan
(1)fromdual;
ATAN
(1)
.78539816
19.CEIL
返回大于或等于给出数字的最小整数
selectceil(3.1415927)fromdual;
CEIL(3.1415927)
---------------
4
20.COS
返回一个给定数字的余弦
selectcos(-3.1415927)fromdual;
COS(-3.1415927)
-1
21.COSH
返回一个数字反余弦值
selectcosh(20)fromdual;
COSH(20)
242582598
22.EXP
返回一个数字e的n次方根
selectexp
(2),exp
(1)fromdual;
EXP
(2)EXP
(1)
7.38905612.7182818
23.FLOOR
对给定的数字取整数
selectfloor(2345.67)fromdual;
FLOOR(2345.67)
--------------
2345
24.LN
返回一个数字的对数值
selectln
(1),ln
(2),ln(2.7182818)fromdual;
LN
(1)LN
(2)LN(2.7182818)
-------------------------------
0.69314718.99999999
25.LOG(n1,n2)
返回一个以n1为底n2的对数
selectlog(2,1),log(2,4)fromdual;
LOG(2,1)LOG(2,4)
02
26.MOD(n1,n2)
返回一个n1除以n2的余数
selectmod(10,3),mod(3,3),mod(2,3)fromdual;
MOD(10,3)MOD(3,3)MOD(2,3)
---------------------------
102
27.POWER
返回n1的n2次方根
selectpower(2,10),power(3,3)fromdual;
POWER(2,10)POWER(3,3)
---------------------
102427
28.ROUND和TRUNC
按照指定的精度进行舍入
selectround(55.5),round(-55.4),trunc(55.5),trunc(-55.5)fromdual;
ROUND(55.5)ROUND(-55.4)TRUNC(55.5)TRUNC(-55.5)
----------------------------------------------
56-5555-55
29.SIGN
取数字n的符号,大于0返回1,小于0返回-1,等于0返回0
selectsign(123),sign(-100),sign(0)fromdual;
SIGN(123)SIGN(-100)SIGN(0)
----------------------------
1-10
30.SIN
返回一个数字的正弦值
selectsin(1.57079)fromdual;
SIN(1.57079)
------------
1
31.SIGH
返回双曲正弦的值
selectsin(20),sinh(20)fromdual;
SIN(20)SINH(20)
.91294525242582598
32.SQRT
返回数字n的根
selectsqrt(64),sqrt(10)fromdual;
SQRT(64)SQRT(10)
83.1622777
33.TAN
返回数字的正切值
selecttan(20),tan(10)fromdual;
TAN(20)TAN(10)
2.2371609.64836083
34.TANH
返回数字n的双曲正切值
selecttanh(20),tan(20)fromdual;
TANH(20)TAN(20)
12.2371609
35.TRUNC
按照指定的精度截取一个数
selecttrunc(124.1666,-2)trunc1,trunc(124.16666,2)fromdual;
TRUNC1TRUNC(124.16666,2)
---------------------------
100124.16
36.ADD_MONTHS
增加或减去月份
selectto_char(add_months(to_date('
199912'
yyyymm'
),2),'
TO_CHA
------
200002
),-2),'
199910
37.LAST_DAY
返回日期的最后一天
selectto_char(sysdate,'
yyyy.mm.dd'
),to_char((sysdate)+1,'
TO_CHAR(SYTO_CHAR((S
--------------------
2004.05.092004.05.10
selectlast_day(sysdate)fromdual;
LAST_DAY(S
31-5月-04
38.MONTHS_BETWEEN(date2,date1)
给出date2-date1的月份
selectmonths_between('
19-12月-1999'
19-3月-1999'
)mon_betweenfromdual;
MON_BETWEEN
-----------
selectmonths_between(to_date('
2000.05.20'
),to_date('
2005.05.20'
))mon_betwfromdual;
MON_BETW
-60
39.NEW_TIME(date,'
this'
that'
给出在this时区=other时区的日期和时间
yyyy.mm.ddhh24:
mi:
ss'
)bj_time,to_char(new_time
2(sysdate,'
PDT'
GMT'
)los_anglesfromdual;
BJ_TIMELOS_ANGLES
--------------------------------------
2004.05.0911:
05:
322004.05.0918:
32
40.NEXT_DAY(date,'
day'
给出日期date和星期x之后计算下一个星期的日期
selectnext_day('
18-5月-2001'
星期五'
)next_dayfromdual;
NEXT_DAY
25-5月-01
41.SYSDATE
用来得到系统的当前日期
dd-mm-yyyyday'
TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'
09-05-2004星期日
trunc(date,fmt)按照给出的要求将日期截断,如果fmt='
mi'
表示保留分,截断秒
selectto_char(trunc(sysdate,'
hh'
)hh,
2to_char(trunc(sysdate,'
)hhmmfromdual;
HHHHMM
00:
002004.05.0911:
17:
00
42.CHARTOROWID
将字符数据类型转换为ROWID类型
selectrowid,rowidtochar(rowid),enamefromscott.emp;
ROWIDROWIDTOCHAR(ROWID)ENAME
----------------------------------------------
AAAAfKAACAAAAEqAAAAAAAfKAACAAAAEqAAASMITH
AAAAfKAACAAAAEqAABAAAAfKAACAAAAEqAABALLEN
AAAAfKAACAAAAEqAACAAAAfKAACAAAAEqAACWARD
AAAAfKAACAAAAEqAADAAAAfKAACAAAAEqAADJONES
43.CONVERT(c,dset,sset)
将源字符串sset从一个语言字符集转换到另一个目的dset字符集
selectconvert('
strutz'
we8hp'
f7dec'
)"
conversion"
fromdual;
conver
strutz
44.HEXTORAW
将一个十六进制构成的字符串转换为二进制
45.RAWTOHEXT
将一个二进制构成的字符串转换为十六进制
46.ROWIDTOCHAR
将ROWID数据类型转换为字符类型
47.TO_CHAR(date,'
format'
yyyy/mm/ddhh24:
YY
-------------------
2004/05/0921:
14:
41
48.TO_DATE(string,'
将字符串转化为ORACLE中的一个日期
49.TO_MULTI_BYTE
将字符串中的单字节字符转化为多字节字符
selectto_multi_byte('
高'
TO
--
高
50.TO_NUMBER
将给出的字符转换为数字
selectto_number('
1999'
)yearfromdual;
YEAR
1999
51.BFILENAME(dir,file)
指定一个外部二进制文件
insertintofile_tb1values(bfilename('
lob_dir1'
image1.gif'
));
52.CONVERT('
x'
desc'
source'
将x字段或变量的源source转换为desc
selectsid,serial#,username,decode(command,
20,'
none'
32,'
insert'
43,
5'
select'
66,'
update'
77,'
delete'
88,'
drop'
9'
other'
)cmdfromv$sessionwheretype!
='
background'
;
SIDSERIAL#USERNAMECMD
------------------------------------------------------
11none
21none
31none
41none
51none
61none
71275none
81275none
920GAOselect
1040GAOnone
53.DUMP(s,fmt,start,length)
DUMP函数以fmt指定的内部数字格式返回一个VARCHAR2类型的值
colglobal_namefora30
coldump_stringfora50
setlin200
selectglobal_name,dump(global_name,1017,8,5)dump_stringfromglobal_name;
GLOBAL_NAMEDUMP_STRING
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE.WORLDTyp=1Len=12CharacterSet=ZHS16GBK:
W,O,R,L,D
54.EMPTY_BLOB()和EMPTY_CLOB()
这两个函数都是用来对大数据类型字段进行初始化操作的函数
55.GREATEST
返回一组表达式中的最大值,即比较字符的编码大小.
selectgreatest('
AA'
AB'
AC'
GR
AC
啊'
安'
天'
天
56.LEAST
返回一组表达式中的最小值
selectleast('
LE
啊
57.UID
返回标识当前用户的唯一整数
showuser
USER为"
GAO"
selectusername,user_idfromdba_userswhereuser_id=uid;
USERNAMEUSER_ID
---------------------------------------
GAO25
58.USER
返回当前用户的名字
selectuserfromdual;
USER
------------------------------
GAO
59.USEREVN
返回当前用户环境的信息,opt可以是:
ENTRYID,SESSIONID,TERMINAL,ISDBA,LABLE,LANGUAGE,CLIENT_INFO,LANG,VSIZE
ISDBA查看当前用户是否是DBA如果是则返回true
selectuserenv('
isdba'
USEREN
FALSE
TRUE
SESSION
返回会话标志
sessionid'
USERENV('
SESSIONID'
--------------------
152
ENTRYID
返回会话人口标志
entryid'
ENTRYID'
------------------
0
INSTANCE
返回当前INSTANCE的标志
instance'
INSTANCE'
LANGUAGE
返回当前环境变量
language'
LANGUAGE'
----------------------------------------------------
SIMPLIFIEDCHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK
LANG
返回当前环境的语言的缩写
lang'
LANG'
ZHS
TERMINAL
返回用户的终端或机器的标志
terminal'
)fromdua