Lisa美语笔记整理教学内容Word文档下载推荐.docx

Lisa美语笔记整理教学内容Word文档下载推荐.docx

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摩擦音：

/f//v//θ//ð

//s//z//∫//ʒ//r//h/

破擦音：

/ts//dz//tr//dr//t∫//dʒ/

鼻音：

/m//n//ŋ/

边音：

/l/

半元音：

/w//j/

1.元音音素

//ɑ//ə/（/ʌ/）/ɔ//ʊ//u//ɚ//ɝ/

pleaseseemeatbelieve

thisdifficultifdinner

bedmendressfriend

applemanstandangry

hottopicofficemodern

butgunjumplove

alwaystallboughtthought

bookfootpullpushtook

moonshoesroomblue

firstThursdaygirlwork

lategatebaseballstayOK

godroveslowmoment

timewildninedining

nowhousegroundannounce

enjoynoiseboysannoying

2.中性/松元音/ɪ//ɛ//ə//ʊ/紧元音/i//æ

//ɑ//u//ɔ/

fool-fullhot-hutsteel-stillbag-beg

3./i/与/ɪ/

/i/

嘴唇向两边收紧，扁唇；

舌头在口腔里向后收紧

seecheesepleasebeatbelievedeceive

/ɪ/

嘴唇放松；

舌头位于正常位置，放松

ifdifferentthisthingsystemgym

feet-fitleave-livesleep-slipthese-thisfeel-fillsteel-stilleat-itbeach-bitchsheet-shit

注意：

主要区别不是长短而是紧松。

被强调时，松元音也可变长

Wow,yourhouseisbig!

4./a/与/ə/

/a/

上下张大嘴，把舌头贴在口腔底部，舌尖触碰下齿

hotfatherarmywatch

/ə/

upfunbutnumbercousincountrylovesonotherdone

/a/发音通常较长，特别是重读的名词和形容词

That’simpossible.

Ilovemynewjob.

shot-shutDon-donelock-luckcop-cup

not-nutrobber-rubber

5./u/与/ʊ/

/u/

双唇收圆，小圆唇

foodmoonbluetrue

/ʊ/

双唇稍撅

looktookshookwouldcouldshouldpushpull

fool-fullLuke-lookpool-pull

6./æ

嘴角向两边拉开；

上下齿高度为食指中指指尖叠加高度；

舌头下贴，向后收紧。

英美发音不同：

classmathmathclass

发音通常较长，特别是名词和动词

appleangrymanfatdanceclassdanceclass

LosAngelesCaliforniarandomanswer

7./ɔ/

上下张口，口型呈椭圆形，像鸡蛋，略撅嘴。

英美发音不同

calltallfallsmallalwaysautomobileAugustaudienceapplaudsawlawawful

HepausedinthehalltotalkwithPaul.

Theauthortalkedtothesmallaudience.

Weallthoughtyouboughtitatthemall.

It’sawfulthathealwaysbreaksthelaw!

He’sexhaustedbecausehe’sbeenwalkingalldaylong.

8./o/

滑动

postmomentgoflowslowshowroadboatsoap

No,Idon’t.

Don’tgo.

soslowalmostover

9./ɚ//ɝ/一短，一长

发音方式/ə/+/r/

herteachergrammarlearnheardbirdfirstgirlworkworrywordnursehurt

workearlylearnthewordsearlybirdperfectworld

10.单词重音

重读音节内的元音要读得重而长

bananaCanadabiologyphotography

句子中的重读：

确定重读单词，重读音节内的元音要读得重而长

Iloveit.

Ihavetocallhim.

You’rereallytall.

It’shot.

Let’sgotothepark.

Igotajobatthehospital.

11.单词非重读音节的弱化

symbollocalrecord

句子中的弱读

Let’smeetattwoo’clock.

I’dliketotalktothepilot.

Let’smeetforbreakfast.

I’dlovetogoforawalk.

12.辅音

/p//b//t//d//k//g//f//v//θ//ð

/m//n//ŋ//l//w//j/

13.发准每一个音

句子中单词的每个辅音都要发音到位。

因此，我们在讲英语时要注意自己的口型

probablyingeneralseventwelve

数字练习：

1-20

14.清辅音与浊辅音

//s//z//∫//ʒ/

/tr//dr//t∫//dʒ//ts//dz/

清辅音前的元音发音较短，浊辅音前的元音发音较长

ice-eyesback-bagsafe-savepick-pig

lock-loglight-liedleaf-leavecup-cub

15./θ//ð

舌尖位于两齿间，轻触上齿，气流由舌尖和上齿间流出

bathbothmathThankyou.Thursdaythirstyanythinghealthy

fathermothertherethissoothe

16./l/

尾音/l/：

释放舌头，让舌尖触碰上齿后面并停留，气流由舌头两侧流，softerandlonger，要能听出清晰的音

callBillschoolwallfeelillfeelillawfulfilmawfulfilm

littleanimallittleanimal

I’llcallyoutotellyouaboutthefilm.

Ifeelterribleaboutthepoliticalscandal,

IthinkI’llbeabletohandleitbymyself.

You’lldowellatschool.

17./r/

舌头卷曲，不接触口腔，向后面拉

英式英语元音因素后的/r/通常不发出来

hearlearnteacherGermanRobertParkerfirstpersoncomputerpictureovertherepark

18./w/

卷起嘴唇，肺部有大量的气流流出，声带振动

waitwelcomealways

quickquietquestionrequirequalityliquid

19./v/

上齿轻触上唇，浊辅音

veryvotefiveelevensevenvillagevisitvacationNovember

vow-wowvet-wetvine-winevest-west

20./s//z/

hasiswasbecausethesethosepleasealways

booksbagsboys

laughsfeelsplays

名词复数及动词第三人称单数/s/&

/z/读法

清辅音后读/s/

浊辅音或元音后读/z/

21.停顿辅音与连续辅音

停顿辅音

爆破音/p//b//t//d//k//g/

连续辅音

/s//z//f//v//θ//ð

//∫//ʒ//ŋ/

音节后的/m//n//l/

①爆破音后接辅音时失去爆破

②爆破音在句尾时失去爆破

不释放的/t/：

位于句尾，或后接可连读外的辅音

No,it’snot.

I’mnotthathot.

You’requiteright.

Ican’tdoit.

Iwantthatbluehat.

Robert,youmightberight.

It’snotthatdifferent.

Whatdidyoueatlastnight?

Ican’twaitforthatflight.

22.当/t/处于两元音之间，听起来像轻而快的/d/，弹跳/d/

bettercityabilitywaterlittleautoautomaticmetaldata

Yes,itis.

Igotupateleveno’clock.

Doyouwanttogetinorgetout?

Iboughtitatacomputerstore.

Whatanicedayitis!

23.同一音节内，当/t/后面跟着/n/时发出en声：

发/t/时，把舌头保持在上齿龈，然后直接发/n/，让气流由鼻腔流出，发出en声

writtenmountaincertaincurtain

Iamcertainthat’sthetallestmountain.

Mycottonshirthasbuttons.

Ihaveforgottenwhenthebookwaswritten.

MartinwasborninGreatBritain.

24./ŋ/

thinkingworkingpractisinginterestingthing

/ŋ/的连读

Whatareyouthinkingof?

Whatareyoutalkingabout?

bringingsinginghanger

25./tr//dr/

短轻/t∫//dʒ/后接/r/

trytraveltraditionintroducecontrol

drydramadropdrasticaddresshundredSandra

26./t∫//dʒ/

t+u=/t∫/

d+u=/dʒ/

actuallystatuenaturepicture

graduateeducatescheduleindividual

连读中的同化

/t/+/j/=/t∫/Whycan’tyoudoit?

/d/+/j/=/dʒ/Didyoudoit?

Wouldyouliketoseetheschedule?

Aren’tyougraduatinginthespring?

Can’tyouseethestatue?

Didyougetacollegeeducation?

27.动词过去式读法

动词以/t//d/结尾，ed读/id/

waitedneededpaintedcompletedattendedcountedinvited

动词以除了/t/的清辅音结尾，ed读/t/

stoppedworkedparkedcookedpassedlaughedpushedwatched

动词以除了/d/的浊辅音或元音结尾,ed读/d/

robbedlovedrealizedusedcalledplayed

28.节奏和语调

重读与弱读构成了节奏

29.音节重读

音节的概念

重读音节的元音发音更响亮更长（louder,longerandhigherinpitch）

seatsciencesuccessaudiovisualurban

decadecolleaguefemaleJapanIranlocatedonatedetailparenthesisnecessary[ˈnɛsəˌsɛri]necessity

30.双音节词读音规则

90%的名词，前一个音节重读

officeproblemwindowpaperbuildingmotherfather

60%-70%的动词，后一个音节重读

applyagreecreaterelaxcomplainenjoy

同一个单词名词和动词的不同读法

recordobjectprogressinsultconflictpresentinsertrecall

31.”ate”组合的单词

动词读/et/名词或形容词读/ət/

graduateestimatearticulate

动词/et/

negotiateabbreviatecalculatenominatedonate

形容词或名词/ət/

delicatechocolateaccurateaffectionateintimate

32.后缀的重读规则

-ese重读后缀

ChineseJapanesePortuguese

-eer重读后缀

pioneervolunteerengineer

-ique重读后缀

antiqueboutiquecritiquetechnique

-ic重读后缀前的音节

realisticelasticelectricstrategicoptimisticterrificpacific

从名词到形容重读的变化

origin-originalindustry-industrialmemory-memorialfinance-financial

president-presidential

33.非重读音节：

轻而短

madamproblemsymptomalbum

o’clockdoctorphotography

atomAdam

读音相同的不同单词

lesson-lessenprofit-prophetseller-cellar

caller-collar两读音不同

economymemorycontrolcontaindevelopEuropeinformationcommercial

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

34.句子中单词重读的依据

重读单词的重读音节要louder,longerandhigherinpitch

实词重读，虚词（功能词）弱读

Iwillbedrivingtothemarkettobuysomethingtoeat.

实词+实词后一词通常重读

Igotanewjob.

Domeafavor.

Seeyoulater.

Let’sgoforawalk.

Didyoudoyourhomework?

谓语+宾语宾语为代词，谓语要重读

Didyougetit?

——Didyougetthejob?

Didyouseeit?

——Didyouseethefilm?

Whostoleit?

——Whostolemymoney?

Whostolethemoneyfromme?

Iwaswashingthedishesforher.

He’sfixingthecarforthem.

Ijustgotanewjob.Iamsoexcitedaboutit.Icouldn’tfindoneforalongtime.

I’mworkingatthestore.I’msellingwomen’sshoes.Istartedworkingtherelastweek.

Onthefirstday,Iwasreallynervous.Therewassomuchtolearn.

35.长句子朗读

根据语速，划分信息单位（意群，虚拟分组）；

确定信息单位中的焦点词（关键词），焦点词通常在信息单位的后面部分；

停顿多数发生在信息单位间，和出现焦点词的时候

Iwasdrivingtothemarkettogetsomethingtoeat,becauseIwasveryhungry.

Iwaswatchingamoviewithmyfriendswhensuddenlyitstartedtorain.

IwassotiredthatIcouldn’twaittogethome.

IfIforgettopaymybill,pleaseremindmeaboutit.

Hewantstoknowifyouneedanythingfromthesupermarket.

DidyouknowitwassnowinginallpartsoftheEastCoast?

Whenweclimbedtothetopofthemountainwecouldseetheocean.

36.形容词+名词：

重读名词

It’sahotday.

Youdidagoodjob.

Ihaveblondhair.

I’mwearingablackjacket.

I’mwearingablackblouseandablackjacket.

Ihavebrowneyes.

Ihadanicejob.

Ihaveanolderbrother.

IwenttoapartyandIhadagoodtime.

Thatwasfast.

Thatwasafastflight.

Ihavefive.

Ihavefivedollars.

It’sold.

It’sanolderfilm.

He’syounger.

He’smyyoungerbrother.（younger：

作形容词时，与作比较级时的读法不同）

Thatwasgreat.

Ihadagreattime.

Ihaveanolderbrotherandayoungersister.

Shehasbrownhairandblueeyes.

Thatoldladyhasalittledog.

Mynewcarhasfourdoors.

Ireadagoodbookduringthelongflight.

双形容词+名词：

重读前一形容词和名词

bigblackdog

angryoldman

longhotshower

现在分词作定语，与动名词不同。

现在分词不重读，动名词则须重读，如：

asleeping‘child现在分词不重读

a‘sleepingcar动名词须重读

如何区分现在分词与动名词：

现在分词表示其所修饰的名词的动作，也可以说现在分词与其所修饰的名词在逻辑上具有主谓关系。

动名词则表示其所修饰的名词的性质或用途，二者在逻辑上无主谓关系。

以以上两个短语为例，现在分词sleeping即表示其所修饰的名词c