ENGLISHCHINESEWord文档下载推荐.docx

ENGLISHCHINESEWord文档下载推荐.docx

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共5题，考试时间为15分钟。

在一篇长度约300词左右题材熟悉难度适中的短文中有5个划线的句子，要求考生，将这5个句子译成中文。

英译中部分主要测试英语的理解和表达能力。

PracticeOne

TranslationfromEnglishintoChinese

Directions:

Inthispartthereisapassagewith5underlinedsections,numbered1to5.Afterreadingthepassagecarefully,translatetheunderlinedsectionsintoChinese.

（1）WhenIwasaboyIwasalwaystold,“Peter,themoreyouknow,thefurtheryougo.”SoIstayedinschooluntilIgraduatedfromcollegeandthenwentforthintotheworld,holdingfirmlytheideaandmynewteachingcertificate.Duringthefirstyearofteaching,Iwasupsettofindthatanumberofteachers,schoolprincipalsandsuperintendents（主管）appearedtobeunawareoftheirprofessionalresponsibilitiesandincompetent（无能的）incarryingouttheirduties.

（2）Forinstance,myprincipal’smainconcernswerethatclassroomsshouldbequietandthatnooneshouldsteponorneartheflowerbeds.Thesuperintendent’smainconcernswerethatallofficialformsshouldbesubmittedontime.Thechildren’seducationappearedfarthestfromtheirmind.

AtfirstIthoughtthiswasaspecialweaknessofthelocalschoolssysteminwhichIstartedtoworkasateacher.SoIappliedforcertificationinanotherstate.（3）Ifilledouttheforms,enclosedtherequireddocumentsandsentthemoff.Severalweekslater,backmyapplicationandallthedocuments!

No,（4）therewasnothingwrongwithmyforms;

theywereallcorrectlyfilledout;

anofficialdepartmentalstampshowedthattheyhadbeenreceivedingoodorder.Butanaccompanyinglettersaid,“ThenewregulationsrequirethatsuchformscannotbeacceptedbytheDepartmentofEducationunlesstheyhavebeenregisteredatthePostOfficetoensuresafedelivery.”Willyoupleasere-mailtheformstotheDepartment,makingsuretoregisterthemthistime?

Ibegantosuspectthatthelocalschoolsystemdidnothaveamonopoly（垄断）onincompetence.

（5）AsIgrewolder,Isawthateveryorganizationcontainedanumberofpersonswhocouldnotdotheirjobs.

PracticeTwo

Someyearsago,industrieshadmorefreedomthantheyhavenow,andtheydidnotneedtobeascarefulastheymusttoday.

（1）Theydidnotneedtoworryalotaboutthesafetyofthenewproductthattheydeveloped.Theydidnothavetopaymuchattentiontothehearthandsafetyofthepeoplewhoworkedforthem.Newproductswereoftendangerousforthepeoplewhousedthem.

（2）Conditionsintheworkplaceoftenhadverybadeffectsonthehealthoftheworkers.

Ofcoursesometimestherewererealdisasterswhichattractedtheattentionofgovernmentsandwhichshowedtheneedforchanges.Also,scientistswhoweredoingresearchonthehealthofworkerssometimesproducedinformationwhichgovernmentscouldnotignore.Atsuchtimes,therewereinquiries（调查）intothecausesofthedisasterortheproblems.Newsafetyruleswereoftenintroducedasaresultoftheseinquiries;

（3）however,thenewrulescametoolatetoprotectthepeoplewhodiedorwhobecameseriouslyill.

Today,manygovernmentshavespecialdepartmentswhichprotectconsumersandworkers.（4）IntheU.S.,forexample,thereisadepartmentwhichtestsnewairplanesandgiveswarningsaboutpossibleproblems.Italsomakesrulesthataircraftmanufacturersmustfollow.Antherdepartmentcontrolsthefoodsanddrugsthatcompaniessell.Athirddepartmentlooksattheplaceswherepeoplework,andthenreportsanycompaniesthatarebreakinglawswhichprotectthehealthandsafetyofworkers.Ofcourse,newgovernmentdepartmentsandnewlawscannotpreventeveryaccidentorillness,buttheyarehavingsomegoodresults.Ourworkplacesaresaferandcleanerthanbefore.Theplanesandcarswhichweusefortravelarebetter.（5）Manufacturersarethinkingmoreaboutthesafetyandhealthofthepeoplewhobuyandusetheirproducts.

PracticeThree

Manychangesaretakingplacein“foodstyles”intheUnitedStates.TheUnitedStatesistraditionallyfamousforitsunchangingdietofmeatandpotatoes,butnowwehaveagreatvarietyoffoodtochoosefrom:

variousethnic（民族）food,healthfood,andfastfood,inadditiontothetraditionalhome-cookedmeal.EthnicrestaurantsandsupermarketsarecommonplaceintheUnitedSates.

（1）BecausetheUnitedStatesisacountryofimmigrants（移民）,thereisanimmensevarietyoffoodstylesandanylargeAmericancityisfilledwithrestaurantsservinginternationalcooking.Manycitiesevenhaveethnicsections:

Chinatown,LittleItaly,orGermantown.Withthisvastethnicchoice,wecanenjoyfoodfromallovertheworld.

（2）Thisisapleasantthoughtforthosewhocomeheretotravelortowork;

theycanusuallyfindtheirnativespecialties.Becausesectionsofthecities,thereareregions,whicharewellknownforcertainfoodbecauseofthepeoplewhosettledthere.Forexample,southernCaliforniahasmanyMexicanrestaurants.

（3）Healthfoodgainedpopularitywhenpeoplebegantothinkmoreseriouslyaboutthepossibleeffectoffoodontheirhealth.Theveryterm“healthfood”isironicbecauseitimpliesthatthereisalso“unhealthy”food.（4）Healthfoodincludesnaturalfoodwithlittleprogressing,thatis,therearenochemicalstohelpitlastlongerortomakeittasteorlookbetter.Mosthealthfoodenthusiastsarevegetarians:

theyeatnomeat;

theyprefertogettheirproteinsfromothersources,suchasbeans,cheeseandeggs.

（5）Fast-foodrestaurantsarenowexpandingrapidlyallovertheUnitedSates,wherespeedisaveryimportantfactor.Peopleusuallyhaveashortlunchbreakortheyjustdonotwanttowastetheirtimeeating.Fast-foodrestaurantsareplaceswhichtakecareofhundredsofpeopleinashorttime.Thereisusuallyverylittlewaiting,andthefoodisalwayscheap.Someexamplesareburgerandpizzaplaces.

PracticeFour

（1）Inmanybusinesses,computershavelargelyreplacedpaperwork,becausetheyarefast,flexible,anddonotmakemistakes.Asonebankersaid,“Unlikehumans,computersneverhaveabadday.”Andtheyarehonest.Manybanksadvertisethattheirtransaction（交易）are“untouchedbyhumanhands”andthereforesafefromhumantemptation.Obviously,computershavenoreasontostealmoney.Buttheyalsohavenoconscience,andthegrowingnumberofcomputercrimesshowstheycanbeusedtosteal.

Computercriminalsdon’tuseguns.

（2）Andeveniftheyarecaught,itishardtopunishthembecausetherearenowitnessandoftennoevidence.Acomputercannotrememberwhousedit:

itsimplydoeswhatitistold.TheheadtellerataSaltLakeCitybankusedacomputertostealmorethanoneandahalfmilliondollarsinjustfouryears.Noonenoticedthistheftbecauseshemovedthemoneyfromoneaccounttoanother.（3）Eachtimeacustomershehadrobbedquestionedthebalanceinhisaccount,thetellerclaimedacomputererror,thenreplacedthemissingmoneyfromsomeoneelse’saccount.Thispersonwascaughtonlybecauseshewasadruguser.Whenthepolicebrokeupanillegaldrugoperation,hernamewasintherecords.

Someemployeesusethecomputer’spowertotakerevenge（报复）onemployerstheyconsiderunfair.（4）Recently,alargecompanyfiredanemployeeforreasonsthatinvolvedhispersonalratherthanhisprofessionallife.Hewasitscomputer-tapelibrarian.Inhislastfortydaysthathewasallowedtoworkforthecompany,heerasedallthecompany’scomputerizedrecords.

Mostcomputercriminalshavebeenminoremployees.Nowpolicewonderifthisis“thetipoftheiceberg.”Asoneofficialsays,“Ihavethefeelingthatthereismorecrimeouttherethanwearecatching.Whatweareseeingnowinallsopoorlydone.（5）Iwonderwhattherealexpertsaredoing---theoneswhoreallyknowhowacomputerworks.”

PracticeFive

Americans’interestinspectatorsportsseemsexcessiveandevenobsessivetomanyforeignvisitors.

（1）NotallAmericansareinterestedinsports,ofcourse,butmanyare.Andsomeseeminterestedinlittleelse.Televisionnetworksspendmillionsofdollarsarrangingtelecastsportsevents,andareconstantlysearchingfornewways（forexample,usingcomputergraphicsandhiringglamorousannouncersandcommentators）tomaketheircoveragemoreappealing.Publicationsaboutsportssellwidely.IntheUnitedStates,professionalathletescanbecomenationalheroes.

（2）Somesportsstarshavebecomemorewidelyrecognizedthananynationalleaderotherthanthepresident.Someofthemearnannualsalariesinthemillionsofdollars.

（3）NowhereelseintheworldaresportsassociatedwithcollegeanduniversitiesinthewaytheyareintheStates.Collegesports,especiallyfootball,areconductedinanatmosphereofintenseexcitement.Gamesbetweenteamsclassifiedas“majorfootballpowers”attractnationwidetelevisionaudiencesthatnumberinthemillions.Thereisawholeindustrybuiltonthemanufactureandsaleofbadges,pennants,T-shirts,blanket,hats,an