交际英语1031okWord文档格式.docx
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B.利他原则
在日常交际中,英语国家人民形成了一种习俗,即要尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便,对别人遇到的好事/成功要表示高兴,坏事要表示难过/惋惜,因此在交际用语中也要体现出来这种倾向,例如:
—IamgoingtotheCityHall,canyoutellmehowtogetthere,madam?
A.No,youdon’tknow
B.Idon’tknow.
C.Yes,youwill.
D.Sorry,Iamnewheretoo.Butyoucanaskthepolicemanoverthere.
此题第一说话人在向对方询问道路,按照利他原则,应尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便。
所以选D,首先表示歉意,自己也不知道,同时给出一些有帮助的建议。
C.文化遵从原则
在选择交际用语时,大家要有跨文化视角,也就是说,要克服本民族的习惯思维和应答模式,要使用得体的、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。
—Mary,yourdressisreallybeautiful.HowisJohn?
—.
A.ThankyouverymuchB.No,no,Johnisnotbad
C.Thankyou.HeisfineD.Don’tsaythat.It’sugly.Johnisgood
按照英美国家的文化,当受到他人的赞扬时,应该真诚地表示感谢,这也是对说话人的尊重。
如果一味谦虚说“不、没有、还差得远”等,反而就不礼貌了,这与中国人的习惯和思维不太一样,所以选C。
二、排除法
交际用语部分试题的选项中,错误选项不但错得比较明显,而且有一定规律可循,这为我们在解题时使用排除法提供了机会。
错项的类型大体有:
A.选项明显违反上述三原则;
B.选项本身语法错误;
C.选项议题与谈话主题无关;
D.选项虽然与谈话主题有关,但不能提供发问者要求的信息、态度或观点。
1)—Mary,areyouandyourhusbandbusythisweekend?
A.thisweekendwemaygotocinemaB.No,we’renot
C.Oh,it’snoneofyourbusinessD.Welcometoourparty
Mary的问题包含了“忙不忙”的询问,她可能想邀请对方作点什么。
选项A属于上述D的情况,虽然与提问句的主题有关,但并未直接提供“忙”还是“不忙”的信息;
C回答很不客气,显然违反礼貌原则;
D与谈话主题无关,最后只剩下B是答案。
2)—Youarenotthemanagerhere,areyou?
A.Yes,I’mnotB.No,IamC.Yes,IamD.No,notatall
选项A,B都属于本身语法错误,不看发问句也可以排除。
D语法无错,但不能提供发问句要求的信息,属错项,答案是C。
叁、分类题目
第一讲自我介绍
●---I’mDavidChen.Nice/Pleasedtomeetyou.
---Nice/Pleasedtomeetyou.
1.-Hello,I'
mDavidChen.Nicetomeetyou.
-_______
A:
Areyou?
B:
Nicetomeetyoutoo.C:
Yes.D:
Verynice.
答案:
B
2.---Letmeintroducemyself.I'
msteward.
---_________
Whatapleasure.B:
Pleasedtomeetyou.C:
Idon'
tknow.D:
Thanksalot.
●---I’mCharlesGreen,butcallmeCharles.
3.---Hello,I'
mHarryPotter.
---Hello,mynameisCharlesGreen,but______.
callmyCharlesB:
callmeatCharlesC:
callmeCharlesD:
callCharlesme
C
●第一次见面,询问如何称呼对方。
4.-_______
-PleasecallmeMary.That'
smyfirstname.
HowcanInameyou?
B:
HowshallIaddressyou?
C:
Whatisitcalled?
D:
AreyouMary?
第二讲问候
(一)第一次见面,彼此自我介绍之后的问候。
●---Howdoyoudo?
(Gladtomeetyou.或Nicetoknowyou.)
---Howdoyoudo?
(Gladtomeetyou,too.或Nicetoknowyou,too.)
5.---Howdoyoudo?
---_________
Fine,thankyou.B:
Howdoyoudo?
C:
Nottoobad.D:
Verywell.
6.---Howdoyoudo?
Verywell.B:
C:
I'
madoctor.D:
Nicetohaveknownyou.
7.---Howdoyoudo?
Gladtomeetyou.
Fine.Howareyou?
B:
Gladtomeetyou,too.
Howareyou?
Thankyou!
D:
Nice.Howareyou?
●---Gladtoseeyou.或I’mgladtoseeyou.
---Gladtoseeyou.或Me,too.
8.--Hi,I'
mgladtoseeyou.
--____________.
ThankyouB:
Me,tooC:
MynameisMaryD:
mgladtohearthat
●经第三方介绍以后的彼此问候
---Thisismyfriend,Ann.
---Nicetomeetyou.或Gladtomeetyou.
9.--Hi!
Jim.ThisismybrotherPeter.--_________
A:
B:
Fine,thankyou.C:
Nicetomeetyou.D:
Youareverykind.
C
10.-Paul,thisismyfriend,Ann.-_________
Verywell,thankyou.B:
Howdoyouliketheparty?
Gladtomeetyou,Jack.D:
Gladtomeetyou,Ann.
D
(二)熟人之间的问候
●---Howareyou?
或Howareyoudoing?
---Fine,thankyou.或I’mfine.Thankyou.(Andyou?
)或Notsobad.(Andyou?
)
11.---Howareyou,Bob?
---_______,Ted.
mfine.Thankyou.C:
D:
Nicetomeetyou.
12.---Hello,howareyou?
---_________
Hello,howareyou?
Fine,thankyou.D:
That'
sOK.
13.---Goodmorning,John.Howareyoudoing?
(=Howareyou?
)
mpleased.B:
Goodnight.C:
Notsobad.Andyou?
14.-Nicetoseeyouagain,Mr.Smith.Howareyou?
-_________
Imissyou.B:
Fine.Thankyou.Andyou?
AreyouOK?
Thisway,please.
●---How’syourfamily?
---Nottoobad.
15.---How'
syourfamily?
Thanksallthesame.B:
Thanksforcalling.
Don'
tmentionit.
●---Howisyourmother?
或How’syourmotherdoing?
--Nottoobad.或Sheisverywell.
16.---How'
syourmotherdoing?
Sheisverykind.B:
Sheisverywell.
Sheisnotveryold.D:
Sheisdoingshoppingnow.
●---Howiseverythingwithyou?
---Nottoobad.
17.---Hi,Tom,how'
severythingwithyou?
---___________,andhowareyou?
tmentionitB:
Hm,nottoobadC:
ThanksD:
Prettyfast
●---Howareyoufeeling?
---Muchbetter.Thanksforcomingtoseeme.
18.---Howareyoufeeling?
---Muchbetter.______.
ThanksforcomingtoseemeB:
Youlookgreat
YouaresokindD:
tmentionit
A
●---What’sup?
---Notmuch.
19.---Hey,Tom,what'
sup?
---__________
Yes,definitely!
B:
Oh,notmuch.
Whatishappeninginyourlife?
Youarelucky.
“what'
”的意思是“(你)怎么了?
”或“出了什么事?
”;
如果回答是“notmuch”,其意思是“没什么大不了的”。
20.-Ted:
Hi,Christine.______________.
-Christine:
Hi,Ted.Ijustboughtanewcampingtent.Ican’twaittouseit.
A.What’son?
B.What’sup?
C.What’swrong?
D.What’sright?
答案:
第三讲告别与应答
●---Good-bye.或Good-byefornow.
---Seeyou.
21.---Good-byefornow.---_________
Thesametoyou.B:
sOK.C:
Seeyou.D:
Longtimenosee.
●---Ihavetosaygoodbye.---Seeyoutomorrow.
22.-It’slate.Ihavetosaygoodbye.
-______
A.Whydoyouwanttogonow?
B.I’dliketosaygoodbye,too.
C.That’sallright.D.Hopeyouhadagoodtime.Seeyoutomorrow.
●其他告别与应答方法
23.-W:
I'
vecometosaygoodbye.I'
mflyinghomeonSundayafternoon.
-M:
Well,_______
A.willyourparentsmeetyouattheairport?
B.helpyourself.
C.haveasafetripandremembermetoyourparents.D.I’mlongingtoseeyou.
24.---Marilyn,I'
mafraidIhavetobeleavingnow.
---____________
Thatsoundswonderful.B:
Oh,soearly?
Notatall.D:
Goodluck!
25.-Well,it’sgettinglate.Imustbegoing.Thankyouagainforinvitingmetotheparty.
-__________.
A.Oh,it’ssolateB.Thankyouforcoming
C.Oh,sosoon?
D.Ireallyhadahappytime
26.-Guest:
Oh,it’steno’clock.I’dbettergonow.
-Host:
______
A.OK.Pleasewalkslowly.
B.Whydoyouwanttogonow?
Don’tyouwanttostay?
C.Won’tyoustayforanothercupofcoffee?
D.Yeah,it’sreallylate.Whynotimmediately?
27.-SpeakerA:
Well,it’sgettinglate.Maybewecouldgettogethersometime.
-SpeakerB:
_______
A.Soundsgood.I’llgiveyouacallB.Takeiteasy
C.NicetoseeyoubackD.Yes,I’veenjoyedit
第四讲打电话
●---Could/MayIspeak(talk)toJohn?
---Speaking.或Speaking,please.或Yes,thisisJohnspeaking.或Who’sspeaking?
或Sorry,heisbuysatthemoment.
28.---CouldIspeaktoDonWatkins,please?
---________
mlistening.B:
Oh,howareyou?
Speaking,please.D:
mDon.
29.—CouldIspeaktoJohnHarris,please?
—_____________.
A.Oh,howareyouB.I’mJohnC.I’mlisteningD.Speaking
30.-MayIspeaktoDr.Brown?
A:
Yes,heisnotinatthemoment.B:
No,youcan'
t.
Yes,thisisBrownspeaking.D:
Sorry,speaking.
31.---Goodmorning,mayIspeaktoMark,please?
Who'
sthere?
B:
sspeaking?
(“讲话者是谁呀?
”)
Whoareyou?
D:
WhowantstospeaktoMark?
32.---Hello,mayItalktothedirectornow?
---_________.
Sorry,heisbusyatthemomentB:
t
Sorry,youcan'
tD:
tknow
33.-MayIspeaktoMr.White?
-I'
mafraidheisn'
tin.Thisishissecretaryspeaking.CanIhelpyou?
Oh,what'
sapity!
B:
Thanks,wouldyoupleasetakeamessageforme?
tthinkso.
D:
Well,Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.
●---Who’sthatspeaking?
---ThisisTomspeaking.
34.---Who'
sthatspeaking?
(讲话者是谁呀?
,相当于“您是哪位啊?
---ThisisTom______.(讲话者是汤姆。
speaksB:
spokenC:
speakingD:
saying
●---Hello!
IsMarythere?
或IsthatMaryspeaking?
---Speaking.或Yes,Maryspeaking.或Yes,ThisisMaryspeaking.或Holdon.I’llgether.
35.---IsMarythere?
Speaking.B:
mnotMary.C:
Maryiswelltoday.
A(“speaking”的意思是“讲话者就是Mary”。
36.-IsthatMr.RobertLee?
-_____________.
A.Yes,LeespeakingB.Hello,whatdoyouwant
C.Sorry,speakingD.Idon’tknow
37.--Hello!
IsthatMrWangspeaking?
--_________
Yes.ThisisMrWangspeaking.B:
Yes.CanIspeaktoMrWang?
Sorry,you'
dbetteraskMrWang.D:
No,Ican'
tspeak.
38.---Hi,isMarythere,please?
---_____
Holdon.I'
llgether.B:
No,sheisn'
there.
Yes,sheliveshere.D:
Yes,whatdoyouwant?
●---Hello,I’dliketospeaktoMark,please