精品K12Module7 Revisiongrammar学习型教学案Word格式文档下载.docx
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5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。
(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
、限制性定语从句:
从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。
e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)
2、非限制性定语从句:
从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。
形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。
e.g.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题1、that与which的区别。
1)用that而不用which的情况:
①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,…;
②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;
③先行词有only,very,any等词修饰;
④先行词既有人又有物时。
(5)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句。
e.g.Thereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingit.没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。
ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
mrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatheknows.史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。
Theytalkaboutthetheteachersandschoolsthattheyhadvisited.他们在谈论他们访问过的那些学校与老师。
2)用which而不用that的情况:
①引导非限制性定语从句;
②当先行词本身就是that时。
;
③介词+关系代词。
e.g.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很生气。
Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。
Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.你告诉他的事情就是我们想知意的。
3)as引导定语从句时的用法①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesame…as,such…as结构中。
e.g.Iwantthesameshirtasmyfriend’s.我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。
Suchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinchina.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。
②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。
通常用下列句型:
asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。
e.g.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
3)as引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;
反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。
e.g.Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected.
Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。
e.g.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn’tlikeatall.2.关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。
e.g.ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。
ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.3.定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。
e.g.ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.4.引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词+which”来代替。
e.g.october1,1949wasthedayonwhichthePeople’sRepublicofchinawasfounded.5.当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。
e.g.Thesickmanwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.6.介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;
介词在句尾,关系代词可有which,that,whom,口语中也可用who,且可省略。
e.g.Themanyouweretalkingabouthascometoschool.练习、定语从句一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句:
1.Thefanisonthedesk.youwantit.2.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtourtextbookshereyesterday.3.Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.4.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon’tstudyhard.5.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.yousawherinthepark.6.Theletterisfrommysister.Ireceivedityesterday.7.Theplaywaswonderful.wesawitlastnight.8.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoNanning.9.Theboyismybrother.Hewashereaminuteago.10.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.11.Hereisthegirl.Herbrotherworksinthisshop.12.That’sthechild.wewerelookingathisdrawingjustnow.13.Thisistheboy.Hissisterisafamoussinger.14.Iwanttotalktotheboys.Theirhomeworkhaven’tbeenhandedin.15.Isthatthewoman?
Herdaughterisinmyclass.16.Heusedtoliveinabighouse.Infrontofitgrewmanybananatrees.17.Theypassedafactory.Atthebackofthefactorytherewerericefields.18.Thesoldierrantothebuilding.onthetopofitflewaflag.19.Intheeveningtheyarrivedatahill.Atthefootofthehilltherewasatemple.20.Shecameintoabigroom.Inthemiddleofitstoodalargetable.二、根据句子意思,在第一个空白处填入介词,在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:
1.Theperson________
________IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.2.Thepencil________
________hewaswritingbroke.3.wuDong,________
________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.4.Thetwothings________
________marxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.5.Herbag,________
________sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.6.ThestoriesabouttheLongmarch,________
________thisisoneexample,arewellwritten.三、选择填空:
1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.
A.who
B.which
c.whom
D.when2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.
A.whose
B.who
D.which3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.
A.that
c.what
D.as4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?
A.when
B.where
c.which
D.who5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek.
A.which
B.that
D.as6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.
A.whom
c.who
D.when7.whereistheman____Imetthismorning?
D.who8.whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere?
B./
c.that
D.when9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.
B.whom
c.towhom
D.towho10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour.
A.withwhom
B.when
D.which11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.
A.thenurseistalkingtohim
B.whomthenurseistalking
c.thenurseistalkingto
D.whothenurseistalking12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica.
A.whichyoushowed
B.youshowedhim
c.youshowed
D.whereyoushowed13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard.
A.ofwhom
B.fromwhom
c.aboutthat
D.who14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench.
A.where
c.inwhich
D.which15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou?
c.when
D.whose