大学英语四级考试真题详细解析第三套Word文档下载推荐.docx

大学英语四级考试真题详细解析第三套Word文档下载推荐.docx

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ReadingComprehension

（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.

PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Weallknowthereexistsagreatvoid（空白）inthepubliceducationalsystemwhenitcomesto

26toSTEM（Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics）courses.Oneeducatornamed

DoriRobertsdecidedtodosomethingtochangethissystem.Doritaughthighschoolengineering

for11years.ShenoticedtherewasarealvoidinqualitySTEMeducationatall27ofthepublic

educationalsystem.Shesaid,“IstartedEngineeringForKids（EFK）afternoticingareallackof

math,scienceandengineeringprogramsto28myownkidsin.”

Shedecidedtostartanafterschoolprogramwherechildren29inSTEM-basedcompetitions.The

clubgrewquicklyandwhenitreached180membersandthekidsintheprogramwonseveralstate

30

shedecidedtodevoteallhertimetocultivatingand31it.TheglobalbusinessEFKwas

born.

DoribeganoperatingEFKoutofherVirginiahome,whichshethenexpandedto32

63

recreation

centers.Today,theEFKprogram33

over144branchesin32stateswithintheUnitedStates

andin21countries.Saleshavedoubledfrom$5millionin2014to$10millionin2015,with25

newbranchesplannedfor2016.TheEFKwebsitestates,“Ournationisnot34enoughengineers.

Ourphilosophyistoinspirekidsatayoungagetounderstandthatengineeringisagreat35.”

A）attracted

B）career

C）championships

D）degrees

E）developing

F）enroll

G）exposure

H）feasible

I）feeding

J）graduating

K）interest

L）levels

M）local

N）operates

O）participated

SectionB

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfrom

whichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraph

ismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet2.

Whyaren’tyoucuriousaboutwhathappened?

A）“YoususpendedRayRiceafterourvideo,areporterfromTMZchallengedNationalFootball

LeagueCommissionerRogerGoodelltheotherday.“Whydidn’tyouhavethecuriositytogoto

thecasino（赌场）yourself?

”Theimplicationofthequestionisthatamorecuriouscommissioner

wouldhavefoundawaytogetthetape.

B）

Theaccusationofincuriosityisonethatwehearoften,carryingthesuggestionthatthereis

somethingwrongwithnotwantingtosearchoutthetruth.Ihavebeenbotheredforalongtime

aboutthecuriouslackofcuriositysaidaDemocraticmemberoftheNewJerseylegislatureback

inJuly,referringtoaninsufficientlyinquiringattitudeonthepartofanassistanttoNewJersey

GovernorChrisChristiewhochosenottoaskhardquestionsabouttheGeorgeWashingtonBridge

trafficscandal.“Isn’tthemainstreammediatheleastbitcuriousaboutwhathappened?

”wrote

conservativewriterJenniferRubinearlierthisyear,referringtotheattackonAmericansin

Benghazi,Libya.

C）

Theimplication,ineachcase,isthatcuriosityisagoodthing,andalackofcuriosityisa

64

problem.Aresuchaccusationssimplyeffortstoscorepoliticalpointsforone’sparty?

Oristhere

somethingofparticularvalueaboutcuriosityinandofitself?

D）ThejournalistIanLeslie,inhisnewandenjoyablebookCurious：

TheDesiretoKnowand

WhyYourFutureDependsonIt,insiststhattheanswertothatlastquestionis‘Yes’.Leslieargues

thatcuriosityisamuch-overlookedhumanvirtue,crucialtooursuccess，andthatwearelosingit.

E）

Wearesuffering，hewrites，froma“serendipitydeficit.”Theword“serendipity”wascoined

byHoraceWalpoleinan1854letter,fromataleofthreeprinceswho“werealwaysmaking

discoveries,byaccident,ofthingstheywerenotinsearchof.”Leslieworriesthattheriseofthe

Internet,amongothersocialandtechnologicalchanges,hasreducedourappetiteforaimless

adventures.Nolongerhavewetheinclinationtoletourselveswanderthroughfieldsofknowledge,

readytobesurprised.Instead,weseekonlytheinformationwewant.

F）

Whyisthisaproblem?

Becausewithoutcuriositywewilllosethespiritofinnovationand

entrepreneurship.Wewillseeunimaginativegovernmentsanddyingcorporationsmakedisastrous

decisions.Wewillloseavitalpartofwhathasmadehumanityasawholesosuccessfulasa

species.

G）Lesliepresentsconsiderableevidenceforthepropositionthatthesocietyasawholeis

growinglesscurious.IntheU.S.andEurope,forexample,theriseoftheInternethasledtoa

decliningconsumptionofnewsfromoutsidethereader’sborders.Butnoteverythingistobe

blamedontechnology.Thedeclineininterestinliteraryfictionisalsooneofthecausesidentified

byLeslie.Readingliteraryfiction,hesays,makesusmorecurious.

H）Moreover,inordertobecurious,“youhavetobeawareofagapinyourknowledgeinthe

firstplace.”AlthoughLeslieperhapspaintsabitbroadlyincontendingthatmostofusare

unawareofhowmuchwedon’tknow,he’ssurelyrighttopointoutthattheproblemisgrowing:

“Googlecangiveusthepowerfulillusionthatallquestionshavedefiniteanswers.”

I）

Indeed,Google，forwhichLeslieexpressesadmiration,isalsohisfrequentwhippingboy（替

罪羊）.HequotesGoogleco-founderLarryPagetotheeffectthatthe“perfectsearchengine”will

“understandexactlywhatImeanandgivemebackexactlywhatIwant.”Elsewhereinthebook,

Lesliewrites:

“Googleaimstosaveyoufromthethirstofcuriosityaltogether.”

J）

Somewhatnostalgically（怀旧地），hequotesJohnMaynardKeynes’sjustlyfamouswordsof

praisetothebookstore：

"

Oneshouldenteritvaguely,almostinadream,andallowwhatisthere

65

freelytoattractandinfluencetheeye.Towalktheroundsofthebookshops,dippinginascuriosity

dictates,shouldbeanafternoon’sentertainment.”Ifonly!

K）Citingtheworkofpsychologistsandcognitive（认知的）scientists，Lesliecriticizesthe

receivedwisdomthatacademicsuccessistheresultofacombinationofintellectualtalentand

hardwork.Curiosity,heargues,isthethirdkeyfactor—andadifficultonetopreserve.Ifnot

cultivated,itwillnotsurvive：

“Childhoodcuriosityisacollaborationbetweenchildandadult.

Thesurestwaytokillitistoleaveitalone.”

L）

Schooleducation,hewarns,isoftenconductedinawaythatmakeschildrenincurious.

Childrenofeducatedandupper-middle-classparentsturnouttobefarmorecurious,evenatearly

ages,thanchildrenofworkingclassandlowerclassfamilies.Thatlackofcuriosityproducesa

relativelackofknowledge,andthelackofknowledgeisdifficultifnotimpossibletocompensate

forlateron.

M）AlthoughLeslie’sbookisn’taboutpolitics,hedoesn’tentirelyshyawayfromtheproblem.

Politicalleaders,likeleadersofotherorganizations,shouldbecurious.Theyshouldaskquestions

atcrucialmoments.Thereareseriousconsequences,hewarns,innotwantingtoknow.

N）HepresentsasanexamplethefailureoftheGeorgeW.Bushadministrationtoprepare

properlyfortheafter-effectsoftheinvasionofIraq.AccordingtoLeslie,thosewhoridiculed

formerDefenseSecretaryDonaldRumsfeldforhis2002remarkthatwehavetobewaryofthe

“unknownunknowns”weremistaken.Rumsfeld’sidea,Lesliewrites,“wasn’tabsurd—itwas

smart.’’Headds,“Thetragedyisthathedidn’tfollowhisownadvice.”

O）AllofwhichbringsusbacktoGoodellandtheChristiecaseandBenghazi.Eachcriticinthose

examplesischarging,inadifferentway,thatsomeoneinauthorityisintentionallybeingincurious.

Ileaveittothereader’spoliticalpreferencetodecidewhich，ifany，chargesshouldstick.Butlet’s

becarefulaboutdemandingcuriosityabouttheotherside’sweaknessesandremaining

determinedlyincuriousaboutourown.Weshouldbedelightedtopursueknowledgeforitsown

sake—evenwhenwhatwefindoutissomethingwedidn’tparticularlywanttoknow.

36.Tobecurious,weneedtorealizefirstofallthattherearemanythingswedon'

tknow.

37.AccordingtoLeslie，curiosityisessentialtoone’ssuccess.

38.Weshouldfeelhappywhenwepursueknowledgeforknowledge’ssake.

39.Politicalleaders’lackofcuriositywillresultinbadconsequences.

66

40.Thereareoftenaccusationsaboutpoliticians’andthemedia’slackofcuriositytofindoutthe

truth.

41.Thelesscuriousachildis,thelessknowledgethechildmayturnouttohave.

42.Itiswidelyacceptedthatacademicaccomplishmentliesinbothintelligenceanddiligence.

43.Visitingabookshopascuriosityleadsu