大学英语一级练习题Word文件下载.docx

大学英语一级练习题Word文件下载.docx

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Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswer

thequestionsontheAnswerSheet.

Forquestions26—32,mark

Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions33—35,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

EffectsofTelevision

TelevisionranksasamajorinfluenceonAmericanlife.Itaffectsthewaypeoplespendtheirtimeandwhatandhowtheylearn.TValsoaffectspolitics,theothermedia,andsports.SomeauthoritiesbelieveTVhasagreaterinfluenceonyoungpeoplethanonadults.Effectsonleisuretime

AtypicaladultspendsmoretimewatchingTVthandoinganythingelseexceptsleepingandworking.Watchingtelevisionranksasthemosttime-consumingleisureactivityamongadults.Ittakestimeawayfromotheractivities,suchasreading,conversation,socialgatherings,andexercise.Effectsonlearning

Televisioncontributesgreatlytowhathomeviewerslearn.Itbenefitspeoplebywideningtheirexperience.Ontheotherhand,TValsomaycontributetoharmfulimpressionsoftheworld.

Enrichedexperience.Nocommunicationsystemhaseverprovidedsomanypeoplewithaswidearangeofnewexperiencesastelevisionhas.Withoutleavingtheirhomes,TVviewerscanwatchgovernmentofficialsperformimportantfunctions,andseehowpeopleinfar-offlandslookandlive.Televisiontakesviewerstodeserts,jungles,andtheoceanfloor.ATVviewercanseehowafamousactorperformstheroleofHamlet,andhowtopcomediansdrawlaughter.Televisiongivesitsviewersaglimpseofreal-lifetragedy,aswhenitcoversthevictimsofwar,naturaldisasters,andpoverty.Italsocapturesmomentsofgreattriumph,suchaswhenastronautsfirstsetfootonthemoon.However,someauthoritiesquestionhowmuchspecificinformationviewersrememberfromwatchingtelevision.

Harmfulimpressions.Manysocialscientistsbelievethatpeoplearelikelytoformtwonegativeimpressionsfromwatchingalotoftelevision.Oneoftheseimpressionsisthatmanypeoplearebetteroffthantheyare.Theotheristhattheworldisanunfriendlyplace,filledwithuntrustworthypeopleandriskycircumstances.

Televisionprogramsoftenshowpeoplewholeadmoreglamorouslivesandhavemorematerialpossessionsthanmostviewers.Inaddition,TVcommercialsconstantlyurgeviewerstobuyvariousgoods.Manysociologistsbelievethatasaresult,thematerialexpectationsofTVviewersareraised,sometimestoanunrealisticlevel.OneharmfuleffectresultswhenpeoplefailtoachievethesuccesstheyseeonTVandbecomedissatisfiedorbitter.

Theviolence,crime-filledworldshownonTVmaycontributetoanimpressionofanevilworld.StudiesindicatethatpeoplewhowatchagreatdealoftelevisionaremorelikelytoholdfearfulornegativeviewsoftheworldthanthosewhowatchlessTV.However,someresearchersarguethatpeoplewhowatchalotoftelevisionalreadyholdsuchviews.Effectsonsociety

TelevisionhasbroughtaboutmajorchangesinseveralpartsofAmericansociety,includingpolitics,motionpicturesandradio,andsports.

Politics.Everyelectionyear,thousandsofpoliticalcandidatesusetelevisionintheircampaigns.Theybuycommercialtimetourgevoterstosupportthem.Theyalsoappearindebateswithothercandidatesandanswerinterviewers’questionsabouttheirviews.

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Televisionplaysitsgreatestroleinpresidentialraces.BeforeTV,presidentialcandidatestriedtomakepersonalappearancesandspeechesinasmanycitiesandstatesaspossible.Today,manycandidatesreachmorevotersthroughasingletelevisionappearancethanthroughallthein-personcampaigningtheydo.

Themostwidelyusedformofpoliticaladvertisingintelevisionisthespotannouncement.Spotannouncementsarepoliticalmessagesthatlast10to90seconds.Newsprogramsoftenteleviseonlyasentenceortwo,calledasoundbite,fromacandidate’sremarks.Thesecontrastsharplywiththelongpoliticalspeechesthataretypicaloftraditionalin-personcampaigning.

Televisiondoesmuchtopromoteinterestinpoliticsandpoliticalissues.ButpoliticaladvertisingonTValsodrawscriticism.Criticssayspotannouncementsaretooshorttoallowcandidatestodiscussissues.Instead,candidatesusethetimetopresentoversimplifiedstatements.Criticsalsoclaimthat,becausetelevisiontimeissoexpensive,TVcampaigninggivesunfairadvantagetothecandidateswiththemostmoney.

Motionpicturesandradio.Fromthe1920’sthroughthe1940’s,filmsandradiowerethechiefformsofentertainmentformillionsofAmericans.Manypeoplewenttothemoviesatleastonceaweek.Theylistenedtocomedies,dramas,andotherentertainmentprogramsontheradioalmosteverynight.TheriseofTVinthe1950’scausedasharpdropinmovieattendance.Eversince,themovieindustryhasfacedeconomicproblemsradioentertainmentchangedcompletelyafterTVbecameapartofAmericanlife.Almosteveryradioentertainmentshowwentofftheair.Recordedmusicbecamethechiefkindofradioprogramming.

Sports.Professionalsportshavelongattractedmillionsofspectatorsyearly.Butmanymoremillionsnowwatchtheeventsontelevision.Televisionnetworksandstationspayteamownershugeamountsofmoneyfortherighttotelevisegames.Thesefunds,inturn,helpownerspaythehugesalariesoftoday’sprofessionalathletes.Televisionalsohelpsincreasethepopularityofsports.Forexample,thepopularityofprofessionalfootballhassoaredlargelybecauseoftelevision.Ontheotherhand,minorleaguebaseballlostmuchofitsaudienceaftertelevisionbroughtmajorleaguegamesintothehome.Effectsonyoungpeople

Thereislittleagreementabouthowtelevisionaffectsyoungpeople.ParentshavelongbeenconcernedabouttheamountoftimeyoungpeoplespendwatchingTV.Studieshavelinkedwatchingalotoftelevisionwithpoorperformanceinschool.However,thesestudiesdonotprovethatTVviewingactuallycausesstudentstoperformpoorly.Watchingtelevisionmaysimplybeanactivitypreferredbyyoungpeoplewhodopoorlyinschool.Otherstudiessuggestthattelevisedviolenceencouragesaggressivebehavior.

26.Schoolteachersbelievetelevisionhasagreaterinfluenceonyoungpeoplethanonadults.27.Generally,adultsspendmoretimewatchingTVthandoinganythingelsesuchassleepingandworking.

28.Televisionhasprovidedpeoplewithawiderrangeofnewexperiencesthananyothercommunicationsystem.

29.AnimpressionofanevilworldoftheTVviewersmaybeattributabletotheviolent,crime-filledworldshownonTV.

30.TelevisionhasproducedmajorchangestoAmericaneducation.

31.SomecriticsbelievethattelevisiontimeissoexpensivethatTVcampaigninggivesunfairdisadvantagetothecandidateswiththemostmoney.

32.Peoplehavereachedtheagreementabouthowtelevisionaffectsyoungpeople.

33.____________________isthemostwidelyusedformofpoliticaladvertisingintelevision.

34.BeforetheriseofTVinthe1950’s,thechiefformsofentertainmentformanyAmericanswere____________________.

35.Minorleaguebaseballlost____________________aftertelevisionbroughtleaguegamesintothehome.

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SectionBReadinginDepth

（1）

Inthissection,thereisapassagewith10blanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceintheblankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitem.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Lastsummer,TransportationSecretaryElizabethDoleannouncedanewseatbelt-userule:

allthedriversandfrontpassengerswillbefinediftheydon’twearseatbeltsafterApril1989.

The36wouldn’thavebeennecessarybutforonesimplefact.Eventhoughseatbeltscould37nearlyhalfofthedeathsinfatalcaraccidents,85percentofthepopulationsimplywon’twearthem.

Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledor38injuredeachyear.A39ofonly30milesperhouristhesameasfallingfromathird-floorwindow.Wearingaseatbeltsaveslives;

it40yourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.

41,driversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto$50.Itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwillbethedriver’sresponsibilitytomakesurethatchildrenunder14donot42inthefrontunlesstheyarewearingaseatbeltofsomekind.

43,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversingyourvehicle;

oryouaremakingalocaldeliveryorcollectionusingaspecialvehicle;

orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit.Make44thesecircumstancesapplytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyourseatbelt.

Rememberyoumaybetakento45fornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.A）HoweverB）sureC）rideD）courtE）ThereforeF）environmentG）reduceH）complexI）speedJ）onlyK）seriouslyL）decideM）preventN）dangerouslyO）ruleSectionBReadinginDepth

（2）

Thereare2readingpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome

questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreach