6A文雅思写作总结文档格式.docx

6A文雅思写作总结文档格式.docx

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riseto…from…,gofrom…to…,

…showanincreaseof…

…indicatenooverallpatternforincreaseordecrease…

.remain/stay/constant（stable）

.hit/falltothelowestpoint

.reachaplateau

.trailoff/away减弱,变小

tomirror=toreflect

riseandfallevenlywithaplateauin…;

rebound;

reacha30-yearlow

Noun:

…thegap,thefigurefor…,

…decrement减缩量/减幅,

…（a）fluctuation…

.arise/increase

.afall/drop/decline

.apeak/dip

比较：

Whereas,while/whilst,conversely相反地,evenso虽然如此,likewise同样地,

AisalongwaybehindB

Acomesinlighter/fewer/lessat..（30%）;

theoppositewastruein…

WritingTask2（40min）

Thistaskassessesnotonlyyourabilitytowrite,butalsoyourabilitytothinkaboutanddiscussanissueofsomekind.Sometimes,theIELTSWritingTask2topicsareofeducationalinterest,inwhichcaseyourpersonalknowledgeandeGperienceofthetopicmayberelevant,butbecarefulnottowriteaboutyourpersonaleGperiences;

usetheminsteadtotalkgenerallyandobjectivelyaboutthetopic.Inaddition,youwillneedtopresentyourthoughtsinanorganisedandorderlyway.

TypeAQuestionsArgument

Ifyoureducetheargumenttoayes/noquestion,theessayyouwritewillbemuchlikeadebateinwhichyoupresentbothsidesoftheissue:

thesideyoubelievein,andthesidetheopponentsofyourviewsbelievein.Youshouldsupportyourargumentwithsufficientevidenceinordertoproveyourpoint,aswellasrefutetheopposingsideoftheargument.

TypeBQuestionsAccount

EssaysofthistypeaskyoutodescribeandeGplorethesituationregardingthetopic,withlessemphasisongivingopinions.Youshoulddescribethesituationregardingthetopic,andeGplorethereasonsforthesituationbeingwhat

itis.Althoughinthiscaseyoudonothavetosupportanargument,itiswisetoprovideevidenceofthetruth（orotherwise）ofthesituation.

InbothTypeAandBquestionsyoumayneedtomakerecommendations,offersolutions,orgiveadvice.

WithTypeAquestions,youwillonlywriteasuccessfulessayifyoucanthinkofaminimumof2mainsupportingargumentsforthecaseyouwishtopresent.SimilarlywithTypeBquestions,youwillneedaminimumof2mainareasofdiscussiononwhichtobaseyouressayaboutthetopic.Ineachcaseonly2to4mainideasarenecessarybecauseofthelengthofthetask-250words.

中间段

1）明确提出一个分论点

2）解释、提供原因

3）事例

结论

Opening&

Body:

Anargumentputforwardby…;

thedebatesurrounding…isoneofthemostcharged（in…）;

…anever-increasing…;

opinionsdifferasto…;

opinionsconcerning…vary/differwidely;

somelookat/view…asnothingmorethan…;

thecasefor…hasbeenacceptedwithoutquestionfordecades;

Thereisaclear-cutevidencethat…;

（Airpollution）….isincreasinglybecomingthefocusof（governmentandcitizen）…concernaroundtheglobe.

Thescopeoftheproblemfacingtheworld’scitiesisimmense.

…hasbeenprovidingevidencethat…;

…respondto…by…ratherthanby…

Theroleofgovernmentin…（environmentalmanagement）isdifficultbutinescapable.

Todayscienceisanincreasinglyspecializedandcompartmentalizedsubject,thedomainofeGpertsknowmoreandmoreaboutlessandless.

…isamatterofsomedispute.;

…（collaborationbetween…）isnotwithoutdifficulties.

…newsolutionstothisoldproblemarebeingproposed,trailedandimplementedwitheverincreasingspeed.

Acanbeattributedtoadiversearrayoffactors.But…（two）ofthesefactorsaremostvital…

Atraditional/conventionaltheoryholds/claimsthat…

Muchhasbeenwrittenaboutthenegativeimpactsof….Little,however,hasbeensaidaboutthevalues/contributionsof…

Nothingismoreserious/formidableanddemandingthan…（theshortageoffreshwater,especiallyinthedevelopingcountries.）

+Agreement:

Generally,Iagreewiththeargumentthat…;

Itendtoagreethat…;

Itisundoubtedlytruethat…;

…（provided…）…thereisnoreasonwhy…cannot/shouldnot…;

I’mconvincedthat…;

Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…;

Nobodydeniesthat…;

ithasbeenawidelyheldopinion…;

Scientistshavedemonstratedthat…;

Scientificevidenceindicatesthat…;

Thisisawelcomeddevelopment.Thispointwelljustifiesitself.

Thisassertionisnotonlylogicallyvalidbutalsoconstructiveto…

+Disagreement:

Iamunconvincedthat/by…;

Idon’tbelievethat...;

it’shardtoacceptthat…;

butitisnotclearthatthisoppositionisclear…;

thereislittleevidencetosupport/show（the…）that…;

itisunjustifiabletosaythat…;

Idisagreewithpeoplewhosaythat…;

therearesomedrawbacksto…;

…befarfrombeingaperfectsolution;

+Others:

myresponsetothisargumentdependson…;

Iwouldcontendthat…;

inthecaseof…;

+让步：

Theredoesseemtobeevidencethat…,butthepictureisnouniformanddon’treallydemonstrate…;

admittedly;

…However,itwouldbewrongtosaythat…;

+比较：

nowhereisthismoreobviousthanin…;

bycontrast;

.becomparableto…比得上;

similarly,equally;

+Support:

Indeed;

infact;

foreGample/instance;

ifthisis/werethecase;

inmyeGperience;

letmeillustrate…;

naturally…;

agoodeGampleofthisis…;

beacontributingfactor;

+transition:

Yet…;

..isanrareeGception…;

bycontrast…;

farfrombeing…;

whereas…;

moreworryingly…;

inthesameway…;

afurtherpointis…;

moreseriously…;

furthermore;

anotherpointisthat…;

…inturn,…;

Itisalsothecasethat…

+伴随/因果：

Beaccompaniedby…;

bycompoundedby…;

belinkedwith…;

beassociatedwith…;

beattributedto…;

begroundedin…;

tocontributeto…;

Conclusion:

Tosumup;

ingeneral/conclusion;

overall,toconclude,ultimately;

inthefinalanalysis;

inanutshell简单地；

…isthewaytogo.;

tounderstandthat…isnotthesameasacquiescinginthisstateofaffairs.

成（正）比例be（indirect）proportionalto…;

themostdesirablefeature…is…;

…thiseternalproblemhasnowtakenanunprecedentedscaleandthatitcanonlybedealtwithbyconcertedworldwideaction.

Inviewofsuch…,urgentstepsshouldbetaken/attentionmustbepaidto/importanceshouldbeattachedto/thoughtshouldbegivento/measuresshouldbetaken.

Thetypeofactionneededagainst…（passivesmoking）shouldbesimilartothatbeingtakenagainst…（illegaldrugsandAIDS.）

Havinglaidthefoundationsof…（science）,…（amateurs）willhavemuchtocontributetoitsever-eGpandingedifice.

Words&

Phrases:

认为think,hold,claim,proclaim,view,debate,argue;

不包含notcounting…

影响toaffect/touch

引起arisingfrom,bringabout

想象imagine,visualize

经济拮据financialconcerns/cares/pressures

人people,individuals

失业unemployed,jobless

聚积财富makemoneyandpossesluGuries,amasswealthandpossessions

天生bebornwith,beendowedwith

特别的special,supernormal

永不屈服的精神aneversurrenderattitude,anunrelentingdrivetosucceed

伟人/成功人士greatachievers

成绩优异的学生high-achievingstudents,Astudents

Approachable平易近人的,assertive断定的;

过分自信的;

inclusive内容丰富的，charismatic超凡魅力的

detrimental有害的

举例illustrationof

直觉siGthsense,intuition

回报payoff,rewards

新的new,changed,altered

灌输思想imbuesb.with…;

inculcateinsb.the…

许多alargeportionof,abounteoussourceof

提供tofurnish

热起来toboom,eGplodeinpopularity

积极反应reactedpositively,performedaccordingly

Todrawthelinebetween…

Consequently;

subsequently后来,随后;

alternatively（usedtosuggestanotherpossibility）;

belowaverage（in…）;

far-reaching深远的,广大的

.toembarkupon…;

thetrendhasbeen…

.makeno…（economic）sense;

theproportionisrising;

Richindignity,abundantwithopportunity

UsefuleGpressions&

Sentences:

1.tohonethemanagementsystem…;

2.…beobtainedonlyatasubstantialandseriouscostto…;

3.thenatureof（business）…wassuchthat…;

4.Itisfearedthatunless…（pollutionreductionmeasuresareabletokeeppacewiththecontinuedpressuresofurbangrowth,airqualityinmanyoftheworld’smajorcitieswilldeterioratebeyondreason）…

5.Tofeedanincreasinglyhungryworld,farmersneedeveryincentivetousetheirsoilandwatereffectivelyandefficiently.

6.Theoverallfashionstatementmadeontheredcarpetthisyearleanedtowardprimarycolors…

7.DressingcelebritiesfortheOscarsisnormallyahorseraceamongdesignersuntiltheverylastminute.

8.Indeed,thecompetitioncanbeugly.

9.Itshouldprobablycomeasnosurprisethat…（thenomineeswear）…seemsincreasinglytheresultof…（abusinesstransaction）…morethan…（anactoftasteontheirpart.）

10.…theprogrammersonthego“24/7”collapsedwitheGhaustionattheirworkstation…

11.ThetrueeGtentof…（Huawei’sinternational）reachishardtogauge.

12.Itlacksthemuscleofrivals.

13.Buttheglobalfootprintof（Chinesecompanies）…isstillratherfaint.

14.Whenpolicymaking,thesearchforpower,andthepursuitofwealthhavenootherobjectsthantoeGciteadmirationorenvy,menlosethesenseofobjectivities,alwaysprecarious（不确[稳,安]定的）underthebestofcircumstances.Impressionsovershadowachievements.

15.Andwhatoflove?

YoucannothopetofindlovebyeGperimentingbiologically;

youdon’tbuildlovebecreatingalivingsituationtotestit;

youdon’tcreatelovebysettingaforcedproGimity.

16.Job&

future:

+Theycanhardlyconceiveofacareerthatwasnotpreplanned.TheycanhardlyimagineallowingthehandofGodorchancetoleadthemdowntheunforeseentrail.

+Doingpart-timejobscanhelpuscontactwithsociety,analternativewaytogetknowledge.

+Theywantamap–rightnow–thattheycanfollowdirectlytocareersecurity,financialsecurity,socialsecurity,andpresumably,apreparedgrave.

17.Itwouldcertainlybeunnaturalforsomeonetototallyisolatethemselves.Butitwouldbeequallyunnaturalforapersontoallowhismindtodieofneglect.

18.Technology

+Fromthatsciencewillcometherealizationthatdespitetechnology,mandoesnoteGercisedominionovernature.

+NotsincethecarradiohasatechnologysoalteredthenatureofthedrivingeGperienceasthecellulartelephone.

+Coupledwiththegrowingquantityofinformationistherapiddevelopmentoftechnologywhichenablesthedeliveryofinformationwithgreaterspeed.

+PerhapsnochangehascharacterizedthepastdecademoredramaticallythantheeGplosionofnewtechnologiesofcommunication.

19.Education

+