北京丰台区高考英语完形填空和阅理阅理选练及答案5Word文档格式.docx

北京丰台区高考英语完形填空和阅理阅理选练及答案5Word文档格式.docx

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3）Let’snotkillourselvesforclimatechange

Mitigating（减轻）climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffossil-fuel（化石燃烧）electricityisforbiddenbywell-meaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimatechangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanose-bleedbyputtingatourniquet（止血带）aroundournecks.

1.WhatisthethemeofRidley’smostrecentbook?

A.Weaknessofhumannature.B.Concernaboutclimatechange.

C.Importanceofpracticalthinking.D.Optimismabouthumanprogress.

2.HowdoesRidleylookatshopping?

A.Itencouragesthecreationofthings.B.Itresultsinshortageofgoods.

C.Itdemandsmorefossilfuels.D.Itcausesapovertyproblem.

3.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat　　　.　

A.oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandles

B.shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife

C.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles

D.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods

4.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimply?

A.Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.

B.Overreactiontoclimatechangemaybedangerous.

C.People’shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.

D.Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.

【参考答案】1-4DADB　　

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

（2013·

太原市二模，C）

Facebookhasbeentrickingpeopleintousingitssocalled“fun,freeservice”.Users,however,areactuallypayinganunconscioushighprice—theleakoftheirpersonalinformation.Facebookthenattemptstomakemoneybysellingtheirdatatoadvertisersthatwanttosendtargetedmessages.

MostFacebookusersdon'

trealizethisishappening.Eveniftheyknowwhatthecompanyisupto,theystillhavenoideawhatthey'

repayingforFacebookbecausepeopledon'

treallyknowwhattheirpersonaldataisworth.

Thebiggestproblemisthatthecompanykeepschangingtherules.Earlyon,youcouldkeepeverythingprivate.ThatwasthegreatthingaboutFacebook—youcouldcreateyourownlittleprivatenetwork.Lastyear,thecompanychangeditsprivacyrulessothatmanythings—yourcity,yourphoto,yourfriends'

names—weresettobesharedwitheveryoneontheInternet.

AccordingtoFacebook'

svicepresidentElliotSchrage,thecompanyissimplymakingchangestoimproveitsservice,andifpeopledon'

tshareinformation,theyhavea“lesssatisfyingexperience”．

SomecriticsthinkthisismoreaboutFacebooklookingtomakemoremoney.Itsoriginalbusinessmodel,whichinvolvedsellingadsandputtingthematthesideofthepages,wasatotalfailure.Whowantstolookatadswhenthey'

reonlineconnectingwiththeirfriends?

TheprivacyissuehasalreadylandedFacebookinhotwaterinWashington.InApril,SenatorCharlesSehumercalledonFacebooktochangeitsprivacypolicy.HealsourgedtheFederalTradeCommissiontosetguidelinesforsocialnetworkingsites.

WhateverFacebookhasdonesofartoinvadeourprivacy,it'

sonlythebeginning,andthatiswhyI'

mconsideringclosingmyaccount.Facebookisahandysite,butI'

mupsetbytheideathatmyinformationisinthehandsofpeopleIdon'

ttrust.That'

stoohighapricetopay.

文章大意：

本文是一篇议论文。

Facebook是一个世界上很受欢迎的免费社交网站，然而其用户的个人信息却在不知不觉中被运营商出卖并滥用。

本文对此进行了讨论。

12．Accordingtothepassage,themajorityofFacebookusersareunconsciousthatFacebook________.

A．makesbigfinancialgainbysellingtheirpersonaldata

B．makesitsfreeservicepossiblebysellingadspace

C．profitsbysendingtargetedmessages

D．profitsbyofferingpersonalinformationtoitsusers

答案：

A　细节理解题。

根据文章第一段第二、三句“Users,however,areactuallypayinganunconscioushighprice—theleakoftheirpersonalinformation.Facebookthenattemptstomakemoneybysellingtheirdatatoadvertisers...”可知，A项正确。

13．Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A．Facebookrulechangesareindeedmeantforthegoodofusers.

B．Withitstrickexposed,Facebookwillseeitsusersreducedsharply.

C．TheoriginalbusinessmodeldidnotbringFacebookthedesiredbenefits.

D．FewFacebookuserscareabouttheleakoftheirpersonalinformation.

C　推理判断题。

根据文章第五段第二句“Itsoriginalbusinessmodel,whichinvolvedsellingadsandputtingthematthesideofthepages,wasatotalfailure.”可推知，C项正确。

14．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?

A．ThewriterandSenatorSchumerdisagreesharplyonthisissue.

B．Facebook'

sprivacypolicyhasthesupportofthegovernment.

C．SocialnetworkingsiteslikeFacebookareunderstrictstatecontrol.

D．SenatorSchumerisnotsatisfiedwithFacebook'

sprivacypolicy.

D　推理判断题。

根据文章第六段第一句“TheprivacyissuehasalreadylandedFacebookinhotwaterinWashington.”和倒数第二段中SenatorCharlesSchumer的呼吁可推知，D项正确。

15．WhydoestheauthorplantoclosehisFacebookaccount?

A．ToescapeFacebook'

smembershipfee.

B．Toavoidhispersonaldatabeingabused.

C．Toprotectthesafetyofhisbankaccount.

D．TosupportSenatorSchumer'

scall.

B　细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段倒数第二句“...butI'

ttrust”可推知，B项正确。

长沙市二模，B）

Thesedays,thereareveryfewwildanimalsleftintheUK.Thewolveshavegone.Thebearshavebeenhuntedtoextinction.Fortunately,thereareafewbadgers（獾）—Oh,well,actually,notforlongastheBritishgovernmenthasjustdecidedtokillthemtoo!

Butwhy?

Badgersarefascinatingcreatures.Theblackandwhitemammalsliveundergroundin“setts”，whichtheydigoutoftheearth.Theyareextremelybrave,fightingofflargeranimalssuchasbearsandwolves.Theproblemisthatsomebadgerscarry“BovineTuberculosis”（BTB）,aninfectiousdiseasecausedbythebacteriumMycobacteriumBovis（M.Bovis）whichcancauseTBinsomeotheranimals,includingcattle.

Forfarmers,thisisaseriousissue.In1998intheUK,almost6000cowswerekilledtocontrolthedisease.Andin2010,morethan30000animalsweredestroyed.It'

sexpensivetoo.BovineTBcoststheUKabout￡100millionperyear.Andsomebelievethatthediseasecouldendupcostingtheeconomy￡9billionoverthenext40yearsifnothingisdoneaboutit.

Expertssaythatbadgersareresponsibleforabout50%oftheinfectedcattle.So,aftermuchdebate,thegovernmenthasagreedtoabadgercull（杀戮）.Thiswillmeanabout30000oftheinnocentcreatureswillbewipedouttofightthedisease.EnvironmentSecretaryCarolineSpelmanadmittedthattherewas“greatstrengthoffeeling”aboutit,butsaid,“Ibelievethisistherightwayforward.”

Ofcourse,manyareagainstthemeasure,includingconservationistsandanimalrightsactivists.Theyclaimthatkillingthebadgersincontrolledzoneswouldn'

tworkbecausebadgersfromneighboringareaswouldsimplymoveintotheemptysettsandbecomeinfectedtoo.Furthermore,theybelievethatthewaycattleareraisedintensively,andtransportedaroundtolotsofdifferentfarmsduringtheirlivesisprobablythebiggestcauseofthespreadofthedisease.

Mostordinarypeopleareagainstthemeasuretoo.Asurveysuggestsabouttwothirdsareagainstkillingthebadgers,withmajoritiesagainstkillingthemregardlessofage,regionandgender.Oneofthealternativestothecullinvolvesusingvaccine（疫苗）onbadgers.However,thiscostsanaverageof￡2250peryearpersquarekilometer.Trappingandshootingbadgerscosts￡2500peryear,butshootingfreerunningbadgersonlycostsabout￡200peryear（persquarekilometer）．

So,withthatinmind,it'

seasytoseehowthegovernmentarrivedattheirdecision.Moneytalks!

本文是一篇新闻报道。

在英国，一些獾身上携带TB病菌，这种病菌会传播给牲畜，从而给农民带来巨大的损失。

政府不顾多数人的反对，决定采取行动来杀掉獾，因为对他们来说，这样做的代价相对来说较低。

16．Whydoesthegovernmentwanttokillthebadgers?

A．Becausethereisnootherchoicetocutthespreadofthedisease.

B．BecausebadgerscarryTB,adiseasewhichcaninfectotheranimals.

C．Becausetheyalmostwiped