英语六级真题Word文件下载.docx

英语六级真题Word文件下载.docx

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　　Inoneexperiment,theyshowedpicturesofvariousobjectstotwenty___28___andaskedthemtofindjustoneofthose,abanana.Halfwere___29___torepeatoutloudwhattheywerelookingforandtheotherhalfkepttheirlips___30___.Thosewhotalkedtothemselvesfoundthebananaslightlyfasterthanthosewhodidn’t,theresearcherssay.Inotherexperiments,LupyanandSwignleyfoundthat___31___thenameofacommonproductwhenonthehuntforithelpedquickensomeone’space,buttalkingaboutuncommonitemsshowednoadvantageandslowedyoudown.

　　Commonresearchhaslongheldthattalkingthemselvesthroughataskhelpschildrenlearn,althoughdoingsowhenyou’ve___32___maturedisnotagreatsignof___33___Thetwoprofessorshopetorefutethatidea,___34___thatjustaswhenkidswalkthemselvesthroughaprocess,adultscanbenefitfromusinglanguagenotjusttocommunicate,butalsotohelp“augmentthinking”.

　　Ofcourse,youarestillencouragedtokeepthetalkingatlibrarytonesand,whateveryoudo,keeptheinformationyousharesimple,likeagrocery 

list.Atany___35___,there’sstillsuchathingastoomuchinformation.

　A）ApparentlyB）ArroganceC）BrillianceD）Claiming

　E）DedicatedF）FocusedG）IncurH）Instructed

I）ObscurelyJ）SealedK）spectatorsL）Trigger

　M）UtteringN）VolumeO）Volunteers

　　段落匹配

　　[A]ThelivesofchildrenfromrichandpoorAmericanfamilieslookmoredifferentthantheyhaveindecades.

　　[B]Well-offfamiliesareruledbycalendars.withchildrenenrolledinballet.soccerandafter-schoolprograms,accordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurveyThereareusuallytwoparents,whospendalotoftimereadingtochildrenandworryingabouttheiranxietylevelsandhecticschedules

　　[C]Inpoorfamilies.however.childrentendtospendtheirtimeathomeorwithextendedfamily.thesurveyfoundTheyaremorelikelytogrowupinneighborhoodsthattheirparentssayaren'

tgreatforraisingchildren.and 

theirparentsworryaboutthemgettingshot,beatenuporintroublewiththelaw

　　[D]Theclassdifferencesmchildrearingaregrowing,researcherssay-asymptomofwideninginequalitywithfar-reachingconsequencesDifferent 

upbringingssetchildrenondifferentpathsandcandeepensocioeconomicdivisions.EspeciallybecauseeducationisstronglylinkedtoearningsChildrengrowuplearningtheskillstosucceedintheirsocioeconomicstratum.butnotnecessarilyothers

　　[E]"

Earlychildhoodexperiencescanbeveryconsequentialforchildren'

slong-termsocial,emotionalandcognitivedevelopment."

saidSeanF.Reardon.professorofpovertyandinequalityineducationatStanfordUniversity-Andbecausethoseinfluenceeducationalsuccessandlaterearnings.earlychildhoodexperiencescastalifelongshadow"

Thecyclecontinues:

Poorerparentshavelesstimeandfewerresourcestoinvestintheirchildren.whichcanleavechildrenlesspreparedforschoolandwork.whichleadstolowerearnings

　　[F]Americanparentswantsimilarthingsfortheirchildren,thePewreportandpastresearchhavefound:

forthemtobehealthyandhappy,honestandethical,caringandcompassionateThereisnobestparentingstyleorphilosophy,researcherssay,andacrossincomegroups,92percentofparentssaytheyaredoingagood

　　jobatraisingtheirchildren.YettheyaredoingitquitedifferentlyMiddle-classandhigher-incomeparentsseetheirchildrenasprojectsinneedofcarefulcultivation,saysAnnetteLareau,aUniversityofPennsylvania 

sociologistwhosegoundbreakingresearchonthetopicwaspublishedinherbook"

UnequalChildhoods:

Class,RaceandFamilyLife"

Theytrytodeveloptheirskillsthroughclosesupervisionandorganizedactivities,andteachchildrentoquestionauthorityfiguresandnavigateeliteinstitutions.

　　[G]Working-classparents,meanwhile,believetheirchildrenwillnaturallythrive,andgivethemfargreaterindependenceandtimeforfreeplayTheyaretaughttobecompliantanddeferentialtoadultsTherearebenefitstobothapproachesWorking-classchildrenarehappier,moreindependent,whinelessandarecloserwithfamilymembers,MsLareaufoundHigher-incomechildrenaremorelikelytodeclareboredomandexpecttheirparentstosolvetheirproblemsYetlateron,themoreaffluentchildrenendupincollegeandenroutetothemiddleclass,whileworking-classchildrentendtostruggleChildrenfromhigher-incomefamiliesarelikelytohavetheskillstonavigatebureaucraciesandsucceedinschoolsandworkplaces,Ms.Lareausaid

　　[H]"

Doallparentswantthemostsuccessfortheirchildren?

Absolutely,"

shesaid"

Dosomestrategiesgivechildrenmoreadvantagesthanothersininstitutions?

ProbablytheydoWillparentsbedamagingchildreniftheyhaveonefewerorganizedactivity?

No,Ireallydoubtit"

　　[I]Socialscientistssaythedifferencesariseinpartbecauselow-incomeparentshavelessmoneytospendonmusicclassorpreschool,andlessflexibleschedulestotakechildrentomuseumsorattendschooleventsExtracurricularactivitiesepitomizethedifferencesinchildrearinginthePewsurvey,whichwasofanationallyrepresentativesampleofl,807parentsOffamiliesearningmorethan$75,000ayear,84percentsaytheirchildrenhaveparticipatedinorganizedsportsoverthepastyear,64percenthavedonevolunteerworkand62percenthavetakenlessonsinmusic,danceorartOffamiliesearninglessthan$30,000,59percentofchildrenhavedonesports,37percenthavevolunteeredand41percenthavetakenartsclasses

　　[J]Especiallyinaffluentfamilies,childrenstartyoungNearlyhalfofhigh-earning,college-graduate

　　parentsenrolledtheirchildreninartsclassesbeforetheywere5,comparedwithone-fifthoflow-income,

　　less-educatedparents.Nonetheless,20percentofwell-offparentssaytheirchildren'

sschedulesaretoo

　　hectic,comparedwith8percentofpoorerparents.

　　[K]Anotherexampleisreadingaloud,whichstudieshaveshowngiveschildrenbiggervocabulariesandbetterreadingcomprehensioninschoolSeventy-onepercentofparentswithacollegedegreesaytheydoiteveryday,comparedwith33percentofthosewithahighschooldiplomaorless,PewfoundWhiteparentsaremorelikelythanotherstoreadtotheirchildrendaily,asaremarriedparentsMostaffluentparentsenrolltheirchildreninpreschoolordaycare,whilelow-incomeparentsaremorelikelytodependonfamilymembersDisciplinetechniquesvarybyeducationlevel:

8percentofthosewithapostgraduatedegreesaytheyoftenspanktheirchildren,comparedwith22percentofthosewithahighschooldegreeorless

　　[L]Thesurveyalsoprobedattitudesandanxieties.Interestingly,parents'

attitudestowardeducationdonotseemtoreflecttheirowneducationalbackgroundasmuchasabeliefintheimportanceofeducationforupwardmobilityMostAmericanparentssaytheyarenotconcernedabouttheirchildren'

sgradesaslongastheyworkhardBut50percentofpoorparentssayitisextremelyimportanttothemthattheirchildrenearnacollegedegree,comparedwith39percentofwealthierparents

　　[M]Less-educatedparents,andpoorerandblackandLatinoparentsaremorelikelytobelievethatthereisnosuchthingastoomuchinvolvementinachild'

seducationParentswhoarewhite,wealthyorcollege-educatedsaytoomuchinvolvementcanbebadParentalanxietiesreflecttheircircumstancesHigh-earningparentsaremuchmorelikelytosaytheyliveinagoodneighborhoodforraisingchildrenWhilebullyingisparents:

greatestconcernoverall,nearlyhalfoflow-incomeparentsworrytheirchildwillgetshot,comparedwithone-fifthofhigh-incomeparentsTheyaremoreworriedabouttheirchildrenbeingdepressedoranxious

　　[N]InthePewsurvey,middle-classfamiliesearningbetween$30,000and$75,000ayearfellrightbetweenworking-classandhigh-earningparentsonissueslikethequalityoftheirneighborhoodforraisingchildren,participationinextracurricularactivitiesandinvolvementintheirchildren'

seducation

　　[O]ChildrenwerenotalwaysraisedsodifferentlyTheachievementgapbetweenchildrenfromhigh-andlow-incomefamiliesis30percentt040percentlargeramongchildrenbornin2001thanthoseborn25yearsearlier,accordingtoMrReardon'

sresearchPeopleusedtolivenearpeopleofdifferentincomelevels;

neighborhoodsarenowmoresegregatedbyincomeMorethanaquarterofchildrenliveinsingle-parenthouseholds-ahistorichigh,accordingtoPew-andthesechildrenarethreetimesaslikelytoliveinpovertyasthosewholivewithmarriedparentsMeanwhile,growingincomeinequalityhascoincidedwiththeincreasingimportanceofacollegedegreeforearningamiddle-classwage

　　[P]YettherearerecentsignsthatthegapcouldbestartingtoshrinkInthepastdecade,evenasincomeinequalityhasgrown,someofthesocioeconomicdifferencesinparenting,likereadingtochildrenandgoingtolibraries,havenarrowed

　36.Working-classparentsteachtheirchildrentobeobedientandshow 

respecttoadults.

37.Americanparents,whetherrichorpoor,havesimilarexpectationsof 

theirchildren