专升本辅导8 分词Word文档格式.docx
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分词作状语
1.主语一致
a)Lookingoutofthewindow,therearelotsofpeopleinthestreet.*
b)Afterdoingmyhomework,thedogwasfed.*
2.独立主格结构
a)Itbeingsonice,wegooutforawalk.
b)Weatherpermitting,we’llbegoingfishingtomorrow.
c)Nobodyhavinganymoretosay,themeetingwasclosed.
3.固定表达方式
1).adv.+speaking:
generally/strictly/broadlyspeaking
2).分词+介词:
judgingfrom,talkingof,
a)Allowingforherinexperience,shehasdoneagoodjob.
b)Takingeverythingintoconsideration,theyoughttowinthisgame.
3).分词+that-clause
a).seeingthat,consideringthat,allowingthat
4.分词短语作状语在句中的不同意义
1)表时间,一般置于句首
a)Havingwateredthegarden,hebegantomowthelawn.
b)Readingtheletter,sheburstoutcrying.
2)表原因,位置自由
a)Notknowingwhattodonext,Iwanttoaskforyouradvice.
b)Clint,horrifiedatwhathehaddone,couldatfirstsaynothing.
3)表条件,置于句首
a)Givenmoretime,Iwouldbeabletocompleteit.
4)表让步,通常放在句首
a)HavinglivedinCanadaforthreeyears,hestillcan’tspeakEnglishwell.
b)ThoughunderstandingnoJapanese,Charleswasabletocommunicatewiththem.
5)表结果,置于句末。
否则意义不同
a)Findingthedoorlocked,Iwenthome.
b)Iwenthome,findingthedoorlocked.
6)表伴随状况、补充说明或方式,位置自由
a)Smiling,heanswered.
b)Hecamerunningbreathlessandtoldmetheresults.
c)Theoldmanenjoyedsittinginthesunlisteningtoradio.
分词的完成式
构成:
havingdone,havingbeendone
意义与用法:
主要是为了强调分词动作与谓语动作之间有很长的时间间隔,或是因为分词动作本身经历了很长时间的延续。
1.分词动作与谓语动作之间有一段间隔,
a)Havingfailedtwice,hedidn’twanttotryagain.
b)Havingbeentheremanytimes,heofferedtobeourguide.
c)Lockingthedoor,hewenthome.
2.分词动作本身要持续一段时间
a)Havingbeenhisownbossforsuchalongtime,hefoundithardtoacceptordersfromanother.
3.使用分词的完成式可以避免造成句子意思混淆不清。
a)Havingsungasong,hesatdown.---Singingasong,hesatdown.
b)Puttingdownmynewspaper,Iwalkedovertothewindowsandsawit’srainingoutside.
练习
I.用括号中动词的适当形式填空
1.Mytwo_grown___(grow)childrenhavebothfinishedcollege.
2.____(grow)childrenneedgoodnourishment.
3.The____(fall)snowwasfrozenhard.
4.The____(fall)snowflakesintheskyarebeautiful.
5.Ilovethenoiseof______(fall)rain.
6.Moretrafficwillbeabletopassonthe_____(widen)road.
7.Clintcan’tbearthesmellof_____(burn)bread.
8.Stayawayfromthe_______(burn)coal.
9.Afterjumpingintothewater,thelifeguardrescuedthe______(drown)child.
10.Themotherofthe_____(drown)childwasgrievedtodeath.
11.Dickjumpedoutofthewayofthe_______(approach)train.
12.Themanagerneedsanothercopyofthe______(sign)contract.
13.The_____(return)letterhadnostampsonit.
14.I’veheardhim____(criticize)manytimes.
15.Oneshouldalwaysbecarefulwith____(load)guns.
16.Thecomposerwasveryhappytohearhisworks____(play)bythefamousorchestra.
17.Doyouknowthegirl____(play)theviolin?
18.Today’sfarmershaveincreasedmilkproductiongreatlythrough____(improve)methodsofbreeding,feedingandmanagingdairycattle.
2.MultipleChoice(分词的逻辑主语)
19.Beforesingingtheschoolsong,____.
A.apoemwasrecitedB.recitedapoem
C.theyrecitedapoemD.theyhaverecitedapoem
20.Workinglikeatelescope,____thesizeofobjectsatgreatdistances.
A.whichmagnifiesatelephotolensB.atelephotolensmagnifies
C.atelephotolenswhichmagnifiesD.andmagnifyingatelephotolens
21.Jumpingintothewater,_____.
A.thedrowningchildwasrescuedB.thedrownedchildwasrescued
C.thelifeguardrescuedthedrowningchild
D.thelifeguardrescuedthedrownedchild
22.Afterjumpingoutofaboat,____.
A.thesharkbitesthemanB.thesharkbittheman
C.themanwasbittenbyasharkD.themanisbittenbyashark
23.______,thedogwasfed.
A.AfterdoingmyhomeworkB.Tohavedonemyhomework
C.AfterIdidmyhomeworkD.Myhomeworkwasdone
24.____,wewentswimming.
A.BeingahotdayB.Duetoahotday
C.ItwasahotdayD.Thedaybeinghot
25._____,allthequarrelscametoanend.
A.ThelostmoneywasfoundB.Findingthelostmoney
C.BecausethelostmoneyfoundD.Withthelostmoneyfound
26._____JamesBland,“CarryMeBacktoOldVirgininy”wasadoptedasthestatesongofVirginiain1940.
A.WaswrittenbyB.WritingbyC.HewrotetheD.Writtenby
27.Playingthetrumpetwithdazzlingoriginality,_____dominatedjazzfor20years.
A.LouisArmstrongB.theinfluenceofLouisArmstrong
C.themusicofLouisArmstrongD.LouisArmstrong’stalent
28.____inarecentsciencecompetition,thethreestudentswereawardedscholarshipstotaling$21,000.
A.TobejudgedthebestB.Havingjudgedthebest
C.JudgedthebestD.Judgingthebest
29._____tosteel,chromiumincreasesthemetal’shardness.
A.AddedB.InadditionC.AddingD.Adds
30.Bobwaslyingonthebeach,hishands_____underhishead.
A.werecrossingB.werecrossedC.crossingD.crossed
31.Manystrangenewmeansoftransporthavebeendevelopedinourcentury,thestrangestofthem____perhapsthehovercraft.
A.isB.beingC.willD.hasbeen
32.Nooneelse____willingtogo,heofferedtotakethemessage.
A.wasB.hadbeenC.wereD.being
33._____,amanwhoexpresseshimselfeffectivelyissuretosucceedmorerapidlythanamanwhosecommandoflanguageispoor.
A.OtherthingsbeingequalB.Wereotherthingsequal
C.TobeequaltootherthingsD.Otherthingstobeequal
34.Maggieranbacktothekitchen,eggs_____carefullyinherhands.
A.tobeheldB.heldC.wereheldD.holding
35.Agricultureisthecountry’schiefsourceofwealth,wheat____byfarthebiggestcerealcrop.
A.isB.beingC.hasbeenD.tobe
36.Allthings____,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.
A.consideredB.beconsideredC.consideredD.havingconsidered
III.分词的完成式)
37.Anewtechnique____,theyieldsaswholeincreasedby20percent.
A.workingoutB.havingbeenworkedout
C.havingworkedoutD.tohavebeenworkedout
38._____thateverythingwasinplace,helockeduptheshopandwenthome.
A.CheckingB.HavingcheckedC.BeingcheckedD.Havingbeenchecked
39.Thedyingsoldierhadthemessage____straighttothecommander.
A.sentB.tobesentC.besentD.beingsent
40.____theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedgeoftheearth.
A.HavingbelievedB.BelievingC.BelievedD.Beingbelieved
41.____manytimesinarow,theopponentdecidedtogiveupfighting.
A.HavingdefeatedB.Havingbeendefeated
C.ForhavingbeendefeatedD.Ashavingbeendefeated
42.Withproduction____upsteadily,thefactoryneedsanever-increasingsupplyofrawmaterials.
A.havinggoneB.goingC.togoD.havingbeengoing
43.ThesupermarketisverycrowdedonSundays,withpeople______.
A.goinginandoutB.togoinandout
C.goneinandoutD.havinggoneinandout
44.Thefog_____dense,alltheplanesweresuspended.
A.isB.wasC.beingD.havingbeen
45.Thedecision_____,whatistobedonenowishowtocarryitout.
A.beenmadeB.beingmadeC.havingbeenmadeD.beingmaking
46.Thereseemedlittlehopethattheexplorer,____inthetropicalforest,wouldfindhiswaythroughit.
A.tobedesertedB.havingdesertedC.tohavebeendeserted
D.havingbeendeserted
47.Thedestructivefire_____,thefirefightersrecommendedtheoccupants’gettinganalarmdevice.
A.havingbeenputoutB.beingputout
C.hadbeenputoutD.wasputout
IV.分词作补语
48.Youwillseethisproduct____whereveryougo.
A.tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.advertiseD.advertising
49.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme____ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.
A.tobeinformedB.oninforming
C.informedD.informing
50.CornoriginatedintheNewWorldandthuswasnotknowninEuropeuntilColumbusfoundit____inCuba.
A.beingcultivatedB.havingcultivatedC.beencultivatedD.cultivating
51.WhenIcaughthim____meIstoppedbuyingthingsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop.
A.cheatB.cheatingC.tocheatD.tobecheating
52.Hewascaught____hisclassmate’smoneytheotherday.
A.tostealB.stealingC.tohavestolenD.havingstolen
53.Mrs.Douglasunknowinglyleftapackage____ontheshopcounter.
A.layingB.tolieC.laidD.lying
54.Hisremarksleftme____abouthisrealpurpose.
A.wonderedB.wonderC.towonderD.wondering
55.NexttimeIcatchyou_____,I’llturnyouintothepolice.
A.stealingfromothers’pocketsB.stealfromother’spockets
C.stealingother’spocketsD.tostealfromother’spockets
56.They’llhaveyou____ifyoudon’tpayyourtaxes.
A.tobearrestedB.arrestedC.arrestD.beingarrested
57.“Thereissomethingwrongwiththetable.”“Yes,Ican_____.”
A.feelitthatit’smovingB.feelitmoves
C.feelitmovingD.feelittomove
58.Thehallwastoonoisyforthespeakertomakehimself____.
A.hearB.hearingC.beingheardD.heard
VIII.综合练习
82.Youwouldbe_____ifyouthoughtthattheproblemwassocutanddried;
inreality,itismuchmorecomplicated.
A.narrow-m