职称英语理工A真题及答案Word下载.docx
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答案为B.brutal(残忍的)–cruel
3.You’llhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.
A.jump
B.escape
C.run
D.prepare
答案为C.sprint(快速奔跑)–run(奔跑)
4.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.
A.changeable
B.stable
C.suitable
D.adaptable
答案为A.fluid(不稳定的)–changeable(易变的)
5.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.
A.haircut
B.purse
C.clothes
D.necklace
答案为C.garment(衣服)–clothes(衣服)
6.Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.
A.fear
B.joy
C.hurt
D.memory
答案为C.trauma(精神上的创伤)–hurt(感情上的伤心或痛苦)
7.Theyhavetobuildcanalstoirrigatethedesert.
A.decorate
B.water
C.change
D.visit
答案为B.irrigate(灌溉)–water(给…浇水)
8.Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.
A.disabled
B.pupil
C.teenager
D.baby
答案为D.toddler(学步的儿童)–baby(婴儿)
9.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.
A.warm
B.severe
C.hard
D.dry
答案为A.mild(温暖的)–warm(温暖的)
10.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.
A.real
B.outstanding
C.creative
D.false
答案为A.authentic(逼真的)–real(逼真的)
11.Weareawareofthepotentialproblems.
A.global
B.possible
C.ongoing
D.central
答案为B.potential(可能的)-possible(可能的)
12.Theideawasquitebrilliant.
A.positive
B.clever
C.key
D.original
答案为B.brilliant(绝妙的)–clever(聪明的)
13.Stockmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.
A.regulated
B.increased
C.fell
D.maintained
答案为C.tumbled(暴跌)–fell(下降)
14.Thecoursegivesyoubasicinstructionsincarmaintenance.
A.coaching
B.idea
C.term
D.aspect
答案为A.instructions(指导说明)—coaching(教导)
15.Allhouseswithin100metresoftheseasatriskofflooding.
A.indanger
B.outofcontrol
C.betweenequals
D.inparticular
答案为Aindangerof(处于危险中)—atriskof(处于风险中)
阅读判断
TheGreatestofVictorianEngineers
Inthehundredyearsupto1860,theworkofasmallgroupofconstructionengineerscarriedforwardtheenormoussocialandeconomicchangethatweassociatewiththeIndustrialRevolutioninBritain.ThemostimportantoftheseengineerswasIsambardKingdomBrunel,whoseworkinshipping,bridge-building,andrailwayconstruction,tonamejustthreefields,bothchallengedandmotivatedhiscolleagues.Hewasthedrivingforcebehindanumberofthehugelyambitiousprojects,someofwhichresultedinworkswhicharestillinusetoday.
Thesonofanengineer,BrunelapprenticedwithhisfatheratanearlyageonthebuildingoftheThamesTunnel.Attheageofjusttwenty,hebecameengineerinchargeoftheproject.ThisimpressiveplantoboreundertheThamestwicesufferedtwomajordisasterswhentheriverbrokethroughintothetunnelwhenthesecondbreach(决口)occurredin1872,Brunelwasseriouslyinjuredduringrescueoperationandfurtherworkwashalted.
Whilerecoveringfromhisinjuries,BrunelenteredadesigncompetitionforanewbridgeovertheAvonGorgenearClifton.TheoriginaljudgeofthecompetitionwasThomasTelford,aleadingcivilengineerofhisday,whorejectedallentriestothecompetitioninfavorofhisowndesign.Afterconsiderablescandal,asecondcontestwasheldandBrunel'
sdesignwasaccepted.Forreasonsoffunding,however,exacerbated(加剧)bysocialunrestinBristol,theprojectwasabandonedin1843withonlythetowerscompleted.AfterBrunel’sdeath,itwasdecidedtobeginworkonitagain,partlysothatthebridgecouldformafittingmemorialtothegreatengineer.Theentirestructurewasfinallycompletedin1864.Today,thewell-knownCliftonSuspensionBridgeisasymbolofBristol,justastheOperaHouseisofSydney.Originallyintendedonlyforhorse-drawntraffic,thebridgenowbearsoverfourmillionmotorvehiclesayear.
16.【题干】BrunelwasanimportantairplaneengineerinBritainduringtheIndustrialRevolution.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】C
【解析】
17.【题干】Brunelwasinvolvedlessinrailwayconstructionthaninotherengineeringfields.
18.【题干】Brunelworkedonlyonshipping,bridge-buildingandrailwayconstruction.
【答案】B
19.【题干】Brunelworkwaslargelyignoredbyhiscolleagues.
20.【题干】SomeprojectsBrunelcontributedtoarestillinusetoday.
【答案】A
21.【题干】Brunelbecameanapprenticewithhisfatherwhenhewasveryyoung.
22.【题干】TheThamesTunnelprojectwasmoredifficultthananypreviousprojectsundertakeninBritain.
Geothermal(地热)Energy
1.Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearth'
scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthisway,ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma(岩浆).Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth'
ssurface.Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearth'
ssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'
ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable(不可渗透的)rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.
2.Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.
3.Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither"
flash"
steamplantsorbinary(双重的)plants.Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300°
to700°
Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,it"
flashes"
orboilsintosteamAgain,theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain.
4.Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300°
Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflashsteambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinbinaryfluid.Thesteamfromthisisusedtopowertheturbines.Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir.
23.【题干】Paragraph1_____
A.Drysteamplants
B.Binaryplants
C.Originofgeothermalenergy
D.Generationofelectricity
E.Flashsteamplants
F.Recyclablewaterandsteam
24【题干】Paragraph2_____
25【题干】Paragraph3_____
【答案】E
26【题干】Paragraph4_____
【答案】F
27.【题干】Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunder_____.
A.theenergytoturnaturbine
B.impermeablerock
C.oneortwoseparators
D.turbineoperator
E.littleornowater
F.hotsprings
28.【题干】Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwith_____.
29.【题干】Flashplantsproducehotwaterthrough_____.
30.【题干】Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedinto_____.
BlackHolesTriggerStarstoSelf-Destruct
Scientistshavelongunderstoodthatsupermassiveblackholesweighingmillionsorbillionsofsunscantearapartstarsthatcometooclose.Theblackhotelsgravitypullsharderonthenearestpartofthestar,animbalancethatpullsthestarapartoveraperiodofminutesorhours,onceitgetscloseenough.
ScientistssaythisUnevenpullingisnottheonlyhazardfacingthestar.Thestrainoftheseunbalancedforcescanalsotriggeranuclearexplosionpowerfulenoughtodestroythestarfromwithin.Matthieu