福师1203考试批次《英美文学选读》复习题及参考答案Word文档格式.docx
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Dienot,poorDeath,noryetcanstthoukillme.
Fromrestandsleep,whichbutthypicturesbe,
Muchpleasure;
thenfromtheemuchmustflow,
Andsoonestourbestmenwiththeedogo,
参考答案:
ThispoemfocusesonakeyparadoxofChristiandoctrine:
centraltothebelieversreligiousawakeningistherealizationofmortality,thefearofdeath.Butultimatelythehopeofresurrectionmakesdeathloseitssting.Inthewordsofthepoem,deathhasnoreasonto“swell”withpride.Weareafraidofdeath,andyetwearenotafraidofdeath.Thisreligiousideaisexpressedintheauthorssupposeddialoguewith“death,”asvariousreasonsaregiveninthepoemtoargueagainstthecommonbeliefindeathas“mightyanddreadful.”
2.Tyger!
Tyger!
burningbright
Ittheforestsofthenight,
Whatimmortalhandoreye
Couldframethyfearfulsymmetry?
Inwhatdistantdeepsorskies
Burntthefireofthineeyes?
Onwhatwingsdareheaspire?
Whatthehand,dareseizethefire?
Thetigerrepresentsenergy.Blakefeltthatenergywasgood.Energy/wrathcanoverthrowerror.Sorevolutionaryenergycanoverthrowerror.Thetigerrepresentsthisforceofenergyandwraththatistoconsumeerror.Tiger/wrath/energy/problemcanbedeadandconsumedandthenlambturnsintotiger.Anywaytheremustbetigerandlambintheuniverse.Thatisthelawofnature.
II.Questionanswers(20%)
1.Pleasetelltheideaintheshortstoryof“Mr.Know-All”byWilliamSomersetMaugham
ThestorytakesplaceininternationalwatersonanoceangoinglinersailingfromSanFracisco,U.S.AtoYokohama,JapanonthePacificocean.Asthewarhadjustended,itwasdifficulttogetaccomodations.Therefore,thenarratorhadtoshareacabinwithatotalstranger,butheexpectedhimtobeoneofhisowncountrymen.Instead,hewasdeeplyshockedtorealizeitwasachattyLevantineoforientalorigin,Mr.MaxKelada,whowasnotBritish,butanativeofoneoftheBritishcolonies(hedidhaveaBritishpassport).Althoughhisoriginisn'
tstatedprecisely,hisnamesuggestsSpanish,Portugese,SyrianorevenJewishorigin.ThenarratormentionsMr.Kelada'
s"
hookednose"
whichmightimplyanantisemiticremarkagainstJews.ThenarratorwaspreparedtodislikeMr.Keladaevenbeforehesawhim.Whenhefirstenteredthecabin,hesawMr.Kelada'
sluggageandtoiletthingsthathadalreadybeenunpacked.Theman'
snameandthesightofhisthingsarousedastrongrepulsioninhimsincehewasprejudicedagainstallnon-Britons,feelingsuperiortothem.TheironyofthestoryliesinthefactthatthelistofMr.Kelada'
negative"
traitspresentedinthebeginningofthestoryshowsanorderly,neatandtidygentleman.WhenthenarratormetMr.Kelada,hishatredgotevenstronger.HeabhorredtheculturaldifferencesbetweenKeladaandhimself.HebothdetestedanddespisedMr.Kelada'
sgestures.Therefore,thedescriptionofKeladaisnegativeandbiased.Thenarrator'
sprejudiceisbasedonseveralculturaldifferencesbetweenhimandMr.Kelada:
a)Atotalstrangershouldaddressagentlemanwith"
Mr."
andbeformal.b)Agentlemanshouldn'
tbepushy.c)Agentlemanshouldbemodest.d)Agentlemanshouldkeepquietduringmeals.e)Agentlemanshouldn'
tbetoochattyandargumentative.f)Agentlemanshouldn'
tshowoffandboastabouthissuperknowledge.g)Agentlemanshouldn'
tbetoodogmatic.Mr.Keladawasapersonthatseemedtoknoweverythingandwasinvolvedineverything,notsensingthathewasdislikedbyeverybody.Hewasverychattyandtalkedasifhehadbeensuperiortoeverybodyelse.ThepassengersmockedhimandcalledhimMr.Know-Alleventohisface.Therewasanotherdogmaticpersonontheship-Mr.RamsaywhowasanAmericanConsularServicemanstationedinKobe,Japan.HewasonhiswaytoKobeafterhavingpickeduphisprettylittlewife,whohadstayedonherowninNewYorkforawholeyear.Shelookedverymodest.Herclothesweresimplealthoughtheyachievedaneffectofquietdistinction.Shelookedperfectandwasadorable.Oneevening,theconversationdriftedtothesubjectofpearls.AsMrs.Ramsaywaswearingastringofpearls,Mr.Keladaannouncedthatitcertainlywasagenuineonewhichhadprobablycostmanythousandsofdollars.Hewasreadytobetahundreddollarsonit.Mr.Ramsay,ontheotherhand,thathiswifehadboughtitfor18dollarsinadepartmentstore.WhenMr.Know-Alltookoutamagnifyingglassfromhispocket,henoticedadesperatappealinMrs.Ramsay'
seyes.HethenrealizedthatMrs.Ramsaygotthepearlsfromherlover.SinceMr.Keladadidn'
t.wanttodestroyMrs.Ramsay'
smarriage,heruinedhisreputationinstead-hetoldeverybodythathewaswrongandthatthestringwasanexcellentimitation.HegaveMr.Ramsayahundreddollars.ThestoryspreadallovertheshipandeverybodymockedMr.Kelada.Later,whilethenarratorandMr.Know-Allwereintheircabin,anenvelopewaspushedunderthedoor.ItcontainedahundreddollarbillfromMrs.Ramsay.Itwasthenthatthenarratorlearnedtovaluethedark-skinnedLevantine.HewasamazedatMr.Kelada'
sgenerosity.Thisstoryshowsthatfirstimpressionsareoftenmisleadingandthatappearancesaresometimesdeceptive.Mr.Keladawhoisdescribedasadisgustingpersonwhoshowsoffallthetimeandknowseverythingbetterthanothers,isinrealityasensitive,bravegentlemanwhowouldn'
thurtothers.Ontheotherhand,Mrs.Ramsay,whosemodestyandgoodqualitiesnoonequestions,hasbeenunfaithfultoherhusband.Themoralofthestoryisthatwemustnotjudgeabookbyitscover.Ratherthanjudgingapersonbyhislooks,colorororiginweshouldobservehisbehaviourandreactionsindifficultsituations.
2.What’sEvelynWaugh’s“Mr.Loveday’sLittleOuting”about?
MissAngelaaftertenyearspartingwithhermentalmorbidfatherwentforthefirsttimetoseehiminthelunaticasylumwheresheisindifferenttoherownfather,butgreatlytouchedbyananotherpatientnamedMr.Lovedaywhocommitsmurdercrimelongagoandnowisagoodcompaniontoherfatherandkindtoeverybodyhere.Chattingwithhimshefindshimwellandnormalnowandfurtheraskshimhisfuturewishesandistoldhewouldliketohaveanouting.MissAngelaconsultsbooksandprofessionalpeopleandfinallytriumphsinobtaininganopportunityforhimtocarryouthiswishes.Onthedayofhisdeparturethelunatichouseholdsaceremonytocelebratehisfreedomandseehimoff.MissAngelacomestoattendtheceremony.TwohourslaterMr.Lovedayreturnsandsayshehassuccessfullyfulfilledhiswishes.Acoupleofdayslateranoldbikeisfoundbesidetheroadsideditchtogetherwiththedeadbodyofayoungladyfromthelunatichouseonthewayofhomefortea.MissAngelaismurdered!
Thestory,likeBrotherbyGreene,exposesthecoldrealityofthesocietyofhistimein1930s.MissAngelashowscoldandindifferentattitudetowardsherownmorbidfatherbutoutofcuriosityevincesoddsympathyoveranotherlunaticpatientwhofinallykilledher.Thestoryisbothanexposureandsatireofhistimeandpeople.
BothGreene'
sBrotherandMr.Loveday'
sLittleOutingarewrittenfromthepointofviewofintrusivenarrator,i.e.likeHemingway'
sKillers,thestoriesgivenoclearhintsofwhatareimpliedbytheauthor,thereaderhastoassociatethedetailsandclueswithakeenandperceivingeye.Forexampleinthisstoryonpage331-2-2thereisanimportantdetailtellingafterMr.Mopingfailedtohanghimselfonannualgardenpartydayandissentofftothelunaticasylum,thenitwrites:
"
SincethenLadyMopinghadpaidseasonalcallsattheasylumandreturnedintimefortea,ratherreticentofherexperience."
HerhusbandisawayandeachtimeMrs.Mopingpaysashortvisitandthenbackintimefortea.Thenintheendofthestorywhenthedeadbodyoftheyoungladyisfound,theauthorwrites:
Halfamileuptheroadfromtheasylumgates,theylaterdiscoveredanabandonedbicycle.Itwasalady'
smachineofsomeantiquity.Quitenearitintheditchlaythestrangledbodyofayoungwoman,who,ridinghometohertea,hadchancedtoovertakeMr.Loveday,ashestrodealong,musingonhisopportunities.WhocouldthatbeexceptMissAngela?
III.Readandtrytoappreciatethefollowingpoem(20%)
(Pleasewriteyouranswerhere)
1.SuccessisCountedSweetest
SuccessisCountedSweetest
Bythosewhone’ersucceed
Tocomprehendanectar
Requiressorestneed
Notoneofallthepurplehost
Whotooktheflagtoday
Cantellthedefinition,
Soclearly,ofvictory
Ashe,defeated,dying
Onwhoseforbiddenear
Thedistantstrainsoftriumph
Burst,agonizedandclear.
AcommonideainDickinson'
spoemsisthatnothavingincreasesourappreciationorenjoymentofwhatwelack;
thepersonwholacks(ordoesnothave)understandswhateverislackingbetterthanthepersonwhopossessesit.Inthispoem,theloserknowsthemeaning'
"
definition"
ofvictorybetterthanthewinners.Theimplicationisthathehas"
won"
thisknowledgebypayingsohighaprice,withtheanguishofdefeatandwithhisdeath.
Instanzaone,sherepeatsthessoundand,toalesserdegree,n.Whydoessheusethisalliteration?
i.e.,arethewordssignificant?
Sorest"
isusedwiththeoldermeaningofgreatest,butcanitalsohavethemorecommonmeaning?
Whataretheassociationsof"
nectar"
--good,bad,indifferent?
Does"
pickupanywordinthefirstline?