英语不规则单词的过去式和过去分词样本文档格式.docx
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eatateeaten
fallfellfallen
feedfedfed
feelfeltfelt
fightfoughtfought
findfoundfound
flyflewflown
forgetforgotforgetten
freezefrozefrozen
getgotgot
givegavegiven
gowentgone
growgrewgrown
hanghunghung
havehadhad
hearheardheard
hidehidhidden
hithithit
holdheldheld
hurthurthurt
keepkeptkept
kneelkneltknelt
knowknewknown
laylaidlaid
leanleantleant
leaveleftleft
letletlet
lielaylain
loselostlost
makemademade
maymight
meanmeantmeant
meetmeetmet
meltmeltedmelted
paypaidpaid
putputput
readreadread
rideroderidden
ringrangrung
riseroserisen
runranrun
saysaidsaid
seesawseen
sellsoldsold
sendsentsent
sewsewedsewn
shakeshookshaken
shineshoneshone
showshowedshown
shutshutshut
singsangsung
sinksanksunk
sitsatsat
sleepsleptslept
smellsmeltsmelt
speakspokespoken
speedspedsped
spellspeltspelt
spendspentspent
spinspunspun
spreadspreadspread
springsprangsprung
standstoodstood
stealstolestolen
stickstuckstuck
sweatsweatedsweated
sweepsweptswept
swimswamswum
swingswungswung
taketooktaken
teachtaughttaught
telltoldtold
thinkthoughtthought
throwthrewthrown
understandunderstoodunderstood
wakewokewoken
wearworeworn
winwonwon
writewrotewritten
只有这些
规则动词过去式变化如下:
普通状况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:
workedplayedwantedacted
以不发音-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:
livedmoveddecideddeclinedhopedjudgedraisedwiped
以辅音字母+y结尾动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如:
studiedtriedcopiedjustifiedcriedcarriedembodiedemptied以一种辅音字母结尾重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:
stoppedbeggedfretteddraggeddroppedplanneddotteddripped注:
不规则动词过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go-wentmake-madeget-gotbuy-boughtcome-camefly-flew
AAA型,原型,过去式和过去分词同型cost-cost-costhit-hit-hit
ABB型,过去式和过去分词同型leave-left-leftsell-sold-sold
ABC型,原型,过去式和过去分词各异ride-rode-riddenspeak-spoke-spoken
ABA型,原型和过去分词同型come-came-comecome-came-come
AAB型,原型和过去式同型beat-beat-beaten
1.把动词原形中i改为a,变成过去式。
如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中ee改为e,变成过去式。
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中eep改为ept,变成过去式。
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中eak改为oke,变成过去式。
break—broke,speak—spoke
.动词原形中ell改为old,变成过去式。
sell—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形中an改为oo,变成过去式。
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:
t〕过去式。
bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕情态动词过去式。
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中o改为a,变成过去式。
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。
hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:
d〕,say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:
n〕—meant〔ment〕
14.动词过去式与动词原形同样。
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述规律动词过去式。
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have/has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took动词原形(当前式)过去式过去分词
costcostcost耗费
cutcutcut割,切
hithithit打
letletlet让
putputput放下
readreadread读
hurthurthurt伤
2.A---A---B型(当前式和过去式同形)
beatbeatbeaten打
3.A---B---A型(当前式和过去分词同形)
comecamecome来
becomebecamebecome变
runranrun跑
4.A---B---B型
(1)在动词原形后加一种辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burnburntburnt燃烧
learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt学习
meanmeantmeant意思
hearheardheard听见
(2)把动词原形最后一种辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。
buildbuiltbuilt建筑
lendlentlent借给
loselostlost失去
sendsentsent送
spendspentspent耗费
(3)其她
paypaidpaid付
laylaidlaid下蛋
saysaidsaid说
bringbroughtbrought带来
buyboughtbought买
thinkthoughtthought想
sleepsleptslept睡
keepkeptkept保持
sweepsweptswept扫
standstoodstood站
understandunderstoodunderstood明白
winwonwon得胜
shineshone/shinedshone/shined发光
catchcaughtcaught抓住
teachtaughttaught教
feelfeltfelt觉得
fightfoughtfought战斗
findfoundfound发现
getgotgot得到
hanghanged/hunghanged/hung绞死,挂
havehadhad有
holdheldheld盛,握
leaveleftleft离开
makemademade制造
meetmetmet碰见
sellsoldsold卖
shootshotshot射击
telltoldtold告诉
smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled嗅,闻
sitsatsat坐
digdugdug挖
5.A---B---C型(当前式、过去式和过去分词都不相似)
(1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
eatateeaten吃
fallfellfallen落下
stealstolestolen偷
givegavegiven给
freezefrozefrozen冻结
taketooktaken拿
seesawseen看见
writewrotewritten写
rideroderidden骑
drivedrovedriven驾驶
throwthrewthrown抛,扔
blowblewblown吹
growgrewgrown生长
knowknewknown懂得
flyflewflown飞
drawdrewdrawn拉,绘画
showshowedshown展示
补充
(2)过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。
speakspokespoken说话
breakbrokebroken破碎,折断
wakewaked/wokewaked/waken醒
choosechosechosen选取
forgetforgotforgotten忘掉
(3)变单词在重读音节中元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。
beginbeganbegun开始
ringrangrung按铃
singsangsung唱
sinksanksunk沉
swimswamswum游泳
drinkdrankdrunk饮
(4)其她不规则动词变化。
be(am,is)was/werebeen是
be(are)werebeen是
dodiddone做
gowentgone去
lielaylain躺
wearworeworn穿