10--6西格玛管理工具及应用-26.ppt

10--6西格玛管理工具及应用-26.ppt

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西格玛管理工具及应用李存荣李存荣WhatwillbecoveredTheHistoryofSixSigmaTheHistoryofSixSigmaSixSigmaDefinedSixSigmaDefinedBrainstormingExerciseBrainstormingExerciseTheSixSigmaRoadmapTheSixSigmaRoadmapOrganizingSixSigmaOrganizingSixSigmaAReal-WorldExampleAReal-WorldExampleAnExerciseAnExerciseSummarySummaryTheHistoryofSixSigma“SixSigma”originatedatMotorolain1982SixSigma”originatedatMotorolain1982EarlyEarlyadoptorsadoptorsAlliedSignal（Honeywell）AlliedSignal（Honeywell）GeneralElectricGeneralElectricSixSigmamanagementphilosophytodaySixSigmamanagementphilosophytodayAwell-developed,thoroughapproachtoqualityAwell-developed,thoroughapproachtoqualityimprovementimprovementUsesstatisticsandmanagementbyfactUsesstatisticsandmanagementbyfactIseffectiveinmanufacturingandservicesfirmsIseffectiveinmanufacturingandservicesfirmsDefiningSixSigma（6）“SixSigma:

AcomprehensiveandflexibleSixSigma:

Acomprehensiveandflexiblesystemsystemforachieving,sustainingandmaximizingbusinessforachieving,sustainingandmaximizingbusinesssuccess.Sixsigmaisuniquelydrivenbyaclosesuccess.Sixsigmaisuniquelydrivenbyacloseunderstandingofcustomerneeds,disciplineduseofunderstandingofcustomerneeds,disciplineduseoffacts,data,andstatisticalanalysisanddiligentfacts,data,andstatisticalanalysisanddiligentattentiontomanaging,improving,andreinventingattentiontomanaging,improving,andreinventingbusinessprocesses.”businessprocesses.”-PeterS.Pande-PeterS.Pande66DefiningSixSigma（6）TheGreeksymbol（sigma）referstotheTheGreeksymbol（sigma）referstotheamountofvariationinaprocessaroundtheamountofvariationinaprocessaroundthemeanvalueforthatprocessmeanvalueforthatprocessProcesseshaveacceptableupperandProcesseshaveacceptableupperandlowerlimitslowerlimitsSixSigmaisconcernedwithreducingtheSixSigmaisconcernedwithreducingthevariationstogetmoreoutputwithinthosevariationstogetmoreoutputwithinthoselimitslimitsDefiningSixSigma（6）Inthechartbelow,68.6%ofthemeasuresareInthechartbelow,68.6%ofthemeasuresarebetweentheupperandlowerlimitsbetweentheupperandlowerlimitsThisisa1processThisisa1processReducingthevariationsintheprocesswillbringaReducingthevariationsintheprocesswillbringahigherpercentagewithintheacceptablelimitshigherpercentagewithintheacceptablelimitsThe6DifferenceWhatistheSixSigmadifference?

WhatistheSixSigmadifference?

onetypoperonetypoperpagepage（3sigma）（3sigma）vs.vs.onetypoperonetypoperlibrarylibrary（6sigma）（6sigma）playinggolfata6sigmalevelmeansmissingplayinggolfata6sigmalevelmeansmissingoneputtevery163yearsoneputtevery163yearsBrainstormingExercise:

Wherearethevariations?

IdentifysixprocessesinIdentifysixprocessesinyouryourbusinessthatbusinessthathavevariationsintheoutput.havevariationsintheoutput.（HINT:

manufacturing,purchasing,inventory,forecasting,（HINT:

manufacturing,purchasing,inventory,forecasting,productdesign,customerservice,accounting.）productdesign,customerservice,accounting.）TheSixSigmaRoadmapFivestepstoimplementingSixFivestepstoimplementingSixSigmaSigma991.1.IdentifycoreprocessesandkeycustomersIdentifycoreprocessesandkeycustomers2.2.DefinecustomerrequirementsDefinecustomerrequirements3.3.MeasurecurrentperformanceMeasurecurrentperformance4.4.Prioritize,analyze,implementimprovementsPrioritize,analyze,implementimprovements5.5.ExpandandintegratetheSixSigmasystemExpandandintegratetheSixSigmasystemOrganizingSixSigmaKeyRoles10LeadershipTeamLeadershipTeamChampionsChampionsMentors（masterblackbelts）Mentors（masterblackbelts）Experts（blackbelts）Experts（blackbelts）Participants（greenbelts）Participants（greenbelts）黑带黑带项目的由来项目的由来黑带（BlackBelt）的原意为跆拳道、空手道以及武术项目中功夫水平的最高级别，后则延伸为专家、大师。

20世纪90年代，摩托罗拉公司为培养、提高专业技术人员水平，特别设计了6西格码统计制成控制专家黑带项目。

项目宗旨强调培养能在生产流程中掌握、精通统计制成控制专业理论和实践，并在管理领域全面发展的全能人才和专家。

为此，还专门设置了标志不同的受训程度和专业水平的级别：

绿、黑大师。

当时，6西格码管理法黑带证书的发放，由摩托罗拉、德州仪器、IBM、柯达等几家公司联合进行，并主要集中在制造业中改进产品的技术人才，而发展到今天，黑带含义的界定已更广泛，不再局限于某种职责或技术了。

KeySixSigmaRolesTheLeadershipGroupBeactivelyinvolvedfromoutsetBeactivelyinvolvedfromoutsetDevelopastrategicplanDevelopastrategicplanEstablishRolesandInfrastructureEstablishRolesandInfrastructureEstablishsupportingpoliciesEstablishsupportingpoliciesJobdescriptionsJobdescriptionsReward/CompensationsystemsReward/CompensationsystemsCareerpathsCareerpathsKeySixSigmaRolesTheLeadershipGroup（contd）SelectprojectsSelectprojectsPrioritizeprojectsandallocateresourcesPrioritizeprojectsandallocateresourcesFacilitate,guide,manageFacilitate,guide,manageKeySixSigmaRolesTheChampions17FindappropriateprojectsFindappropriateprojectsRepresentprojectstotheleadershipRepresentprojectstotheleadership